Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined(预先设定的) set of instructions are nothing new. But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach, which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of MarylanD. If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular web site YouTube, chances are that it will be used by a robot. University of Maryland professor Hyannis Alimonies, leader of the group, said "there exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize on. " "At present, the videos are fed electronically," said research scientist Cornelia Ferule, "Originally, we took our own videos, our cameras looking at us doing the cooking." she explaineD. "And, as the robot advanced, it reacted to good quality videos. And it will react to even lower quality home-made videos. " So far, the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts, such as grasping a spoon, bringing it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results. But why teach a robot to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program? Alimonies believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility. He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task, the so-called feedback(反馈). "I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻的) language," he addeD. "But," he said, "we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us. " 67. The underlined phrase "capitalize on" probably means ________. A. rely on B. pay attention to C. make use of D. watch over 68. Alimonies probably agrees that at present the robot ________. A. can not make a simple salad B. can not fully understand what it learns C. can follow home-made videos D. can understand metaphorical language 69. Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because ________. A. they can easily follow fixed programs B. they are smart enough to learn cooking C. cooking videos are more interesting to watch D. predetermined instructions are not flexible 70. Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage? A. Robots Creating a New World B. Robots Making Cooking Videos C. Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos D. Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

ThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010andadecadelatercitizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworlD.ThesearethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity’spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020ChenYinandofficialwiththewaterauthoritysaidShanghai’swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYuedirectoroftheUrbanConstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstructionsaidShanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.TheywillnotbeeasytoachievE.HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity’sinfrastructure基础设施costsby10000Yuan.LastyearShanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology.TheaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortagesChensaiD.Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater.Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiverwhichsupplies80percentofthecity’sdrinkablewaterisnearingexhaustion.ThecitythereforehasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.BesidespenningregulationstheauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoefficientlycuttheamountofwateruseD.Atpresentthecityhas600000familytoiletseachusing13litersofwaterperflush.Thesearetoberenovated整修touseonly9litersofwaterperflush.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholds–atacostof40Yuaneach.Inthreeyearsallthetoiletswillberenovatedwhichsavesthecitynearly15millionYuaneveryyearinwaterconservation.Anothertaskthecityisengagedinisthetreatmentofsewage污水toimprovethewaterenvironment.Atpresentthecitycanonlytreat44percentofitsdaily5.04milliontonsofwastewater.Tomeetthetotaldemand27moresewagetreatmentfactoriesaretobeestablishedwithanestimatedinvestmentof18billionYuan.13.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholdsto.A.makepeople’slivingmoreconvenientB.improvepeople’slivingstandardsC.easeemploymentpressureD.meetthetotaldemandofwater14.Whichgroupofmeasuresareallmentionedinthepassagetosavewater?a.improvedrinkingwaterqualityb.changesomeindustrialstructurec.introduceorusesomenewtechnologyd.speedtheeconomicdevelopmentofShanghaie.renovatesomefamilytoiletsf.buildmoresewagetreatmentfactoriesA.abcdB.bcefC.bcdeD.abef15.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.theboomofeconomywillneedalargeramountofwaterinthefutureB.citizenstodayinShanghaidrinkthebestqualityofwaterintheworldC.noteveryonetodayinShanghaiisawareofwatershortageD.allthefamilytoiletswillberenovatedtosavewaterwithin3years

Weallknowwhatabrainis.A.doctorwilltellyouthatthebrainistheorganofthebodyintheheaD.Itcontrolsourbody’sfunctionsmovementsemotionsandthoughts.ButabraincanmeansomuchmorE.Abraincanalsosimplybeasmartperson.Ifapersoniscalledbrainysheissmartandintelligent.IfafamilyhasmanychildrenbutoneofthemissupersmartyoucouldsayShe’sthebrainsinthefamily.Andifyouarethebrainsbehindsomethingyouareresponsiblefordevelopingororganizingit.ForexampleBillGatesisthebrainsbehindMicrosoft.BraintrustisagroupofexpertswhogiveadvicE.WordexpertssaythephrasebraintrustbecamepopularwhenFranklinD.Rooseveltfirstranforpresidentin1932.SeveralprofessorsgavehimadviceonsocialandpoliticalissuesfacingtheU.S.Theseprofessorswerecalledhisbraintrust.ThesewaysweusethewordbrainallmakesensE.ButotherwaysweusethewordarenotsoeasytounderstanD.Forexampletounderstandthenextbrainexpressionyoufirstneedtoknowtheworddrain.Asaverbtodrainmeanstoremovesomethingbylettingitflowaway.Soabraindrainmaysoundlikeadiseasewherethebrainflowsouttheears.Butabraindrainiswhenacountry’smosteducatedpeopleleavetheircountriestoliveinanother.Thebrainsaresortofdrainingoutofthecountry.Howeverifpeopleareresponsibleforagreatideayoucouldsaytheybrainstormedit.Herebrainstormisnotanactofweather.ItisaprocessofthinkingcreativelyaboutacomplextopiC.Forexamplebusinessleadersmayusebrainstormingtocreatenewproductsandgovernmentleadersmaybrainstormtosolveproblems.Ifpeoplearebrainwasheditdoesnotmeantheirbrainsareniceandclean.Tobrainwashmeanstomakesomeoneacceptnewbeliefsbyusingrepeatedpressureinaforcefulortrickyway.Keepinmindthatbrainwashisneverusedinapositiveway.28.WhydidRooseveltsuccessfullywintheelectionaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausewordexpertswerepopular.B.Becausehegothisbraintrust.C.BecausehewassmartatgivingadvicE.D.BecausehewasthebrainsbehindAmericans.29.Accordingtothetextifyou’retheCEOofBaiDuyoucanbecalled_______.A.theorganofBaiDuB.thebraindrainofBaiDuC.thebrainsbehindBaiDuD.BaiDu’sbraintrust30.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsisalwaysusedinanegativeway?A.BrainstormB.BraintrustC.BrainwashD.Braindrain31.What’sthemainideaofthisarticleA.Theoriginofthewordbrain.B.Thewordbrainanditsstories.C.Whatisthebrain.D.Thedifferencebetweenbraintrustandbrainwash.

WomenwhoowncatsaremorelikelytohavementalhealthproblemsandkillthemselvesbecausetheycanbeinfectedbyacommonparasitethatcanbecaughtfromcatlitterastudyhasfounD.ResearchersfoundwomeninfectedwiththeToxoplasmagondiiT.gondiiparasite刚地弓形虫whichisspreadthroughcontactwithcatwasteoreatingundercookedmeatorunwashedvegetablesareatincreasedriskofattemptingsuicidE.Thestudyinvolvedmorethan45000womeninDenmark.Aboutathirdoftheworld'spopulationisinfectedwiththeparasitewhichhidesincellsinthebrainandmusclesoftenwithoutproducingsymptoms.Theinfectionwhichiscalledtoxoplasmosis弓形虫病hasbeenlinkedtomentalillnesssuchasschizophrenia精神分裂症andchangesinbehavior.Thestudy'sseniorauthorDoctorTeodorPostolacheanassociateprofessorofpsychiatry精神病学attheUniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicineintheUnitedStatessaidWecan'tsaywithcertaintythatT.gondiicausedthewomentotrytokillthemselvesbutwedidfindapredictiveassociationbetweentheinfectionandsuicideattemptslaterinlifethatdeservesadditionalstudies.DoctorAlbertReecevicepresidentofmedicalaffairsattheUniversityofMarylandsaidT.gondiiinfectionisamajorpublichealthproblemaroundtheworldandmanypeopledon'trealizethey'reinfecteD.DrPostolacheisaleadingexpertonsuicideneuroimmunology神经免疫学.SuicideisacriticallyimportantmentalhealthissuE.Aboutonemillionpeoplecommitsuicideandanother10millionattemptsuicideworldwideeachyear.WehopethatthistypeofresearchwillonedayhelpusfindwaystosavemanylivesthatnowendtooearlyinsuicidE.Dr.Postolache'sresearchteamattheUniversityofMarylandwasthefirsttoreportaconnectionbetweenT.gondiiandsuicidalbehaviorin2009.HeiscooperatingwithresearchersinDenmarkGermanyandSwedentoconfirmandinvestigatethewayleadingtothisassociation.TheT.gondiiparasitethrivesintheintestinesofcatsanditisspreadthroughtheirwastE.Allwarm-bloodedanimalscanbecomeinfectedthroughcontactwithit.Humanscanbecomeinfectedbychangingtheirinfectedcats'litterboxeseatingunwashedvegetablesdrinkingwaterfromapollutedsourceorbyeatingundercookedorrawmeat.Notwashingkitchenknivesafterpreparingrawmeatbeforehandlinganotherfooditemalsocanleadtoinfection.Pregnantwomencanpasstheparasitedirectlytotheirunbornbabiesandareadvisednottochangecatlitterboxestoavoidpossibleinfection.Babiesdon'tproduceantibodiestoT.gondiiforthreemonthsaftertheyarebornsotheantibodiespresentintheirbloodrepresentedinfectioninthemothers.ThescientistsstudiedDanishhealthpatientstodetermineifanyofthesewomenlaterattemptedsuicideincludingcasesofviolentsuicideattemptswhichmayhaveinvolvedgunssharpinstrumentsandjumpingfromhighplaces.ThestudyfoundthatwomeninfectedwithT.gondiiwereoneandahalftimesmorelikelytoattemptsuicidecomparedtothosewhowerenotinfectedandtheriskseemedtorisewithincreasinglevelsoftheT.gondiiantibodies.DrPostolachenotedlimitationstothestudysuchastheinabilitytodeterminethecauseofthesuicidalbehavior.ThefindingswerepublishedonlineintheArchivesofGeneralPsychiatry.50.Theobjectsoftheresearcharewomenfrom_____.A.DemarkB.theUSAC.GermanyD.Sweden51.Thecommonwaywhichismorelikelytobeinfectedwiththediseaseis_____.A.toeatunwashedvegetablesorundercookedmeatB.tocleanaplacewhereacatoncelivedforatimeC.topasstheinfectiontoherunbornbabyduringawoman'spregnancyD.toreusekitchentoolswhichhavebeenusedtocutrawmeat52.Whatistheconsequenceifawomanisinfectedwiththeparasiteinthepassage?A.Havingahighfever.B.Doingdeliberateself-harm.C.KeepingadepressedmooD.D.BecomingbadtempereD.53.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Womenhaveahigherrisktobeinfectedbytheparasitethanmen.B.TheresultoftheresearchmayhelpthescientiststofindwaystostopsuicideinadvancE.C.Thescientistswillcontinuetheirresearchintothepossibleconnection.D.Theriskofbeinginfectedseemstorisewiththedecreasinglevelsoftheantibodies.54.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldprobablybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Whyarewomenmorelikelytocommitsuicide?B.Womenshouldkeepawayfromcats.C.Waysfoundtodealwithwomen'smentalproblems.D.Arewomenwhoowncatsatasuiciderisk?

Astheworld’slargestterrestrialcarnivore陆地食肉动物thepolarbearisthekingofthegreatwhitenorth.Adultmalescanmeasuremorethan9feetinlengthandweighbetween770and1430pounds.Thepolarbearhasastrongbodywhiletheirheadsarenarrowwithsmallroundedears.PolarbearscanbefoundinnorthernCanadaGreenlandNorwayandRussiaandtherehavebeenreportsthatpolarbeartrackshavebeenfoundasfarnorthastheNorthPolE.The5000000-square-milerangeofthepolarbearcirclestheArcticandcontainspiecesofopenwaterwheresealsareeasilycaught.PolarbearsliveontheannualArcticseaicethatprovidesaplatformfromwhichtheycanhunt.TheyhuntsealsontheseaicebybreakingintosealdensintheseaicE.Thedensaren’tvisiblefromabovebutseeingislessimportantthansmellingtoapolarbear----withtheirsharpsenseofsmellpolarbearscansensethebreathingholesofsealsintheirdensbeneaththesnowandicE.AsthesouthernedgeoftheArcticicecapmeltsinsummerpolarbearsareforcedtostayonlandandspendtheirsummersfasting禁食livingoffbodyfatstoredfromhuntinginspringandwinter.Withabout22000polarbearslivinginthewildthespeciesisnotendangeredatthemomentbutitsfutureisfarfromcertain.Climatechangeiscausingthedisappearanceofseaicefromwhichpolarbearshuntseals.SeaiceintheArcticismeltingearlierandforminglatereachyear.Peoplehavereachedanagreementthatcontrolsthehuntingofpolarbearsanddirectseachnationtoprotecttheirhabitatsbutitdoesnotprotectthebearsagainstthebiggestman-madethreattotheirsurvival:globalwarming.Ifcurrentwarmingtrendscontinuescientistsbelievethatpolarbearsmaydisappearwithin100years.4.Polarbearssearchfrosealsmainlythroughtheir________.A.eyesB.earsC.nosesD.necks5.Theunderlinedworddensinparagraph3mostprobablymeans_______.A.theskinofthewildanimalsB.thehomeofwildanimalsC.thebreathingholeofsealsD.waterofthedeepsea6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.A.polarbearmeasuresatleast9feetlong.B.PolarbearscanbefoundinboththeNorthPoleandtheSouthpolE.C.PolarbearsstophuntinginsummerbecausesealsarehiddenatthattimE.D.PolarbearsmaydieoutasaresultofclimatechangE.

Usingtoomuchwaterorthrowingrubbishintoourriversareclearwaysthathumanscanputourwatersupplyindangerbutwealsoaffectourwatersupplyinlessobviousways.Youmaywonderhowpaving铺砌aroadcanleadtolessuseablefreshwater.A.majorpartofthewaterweuseeverydayisgroundwater.Groundwaterdoesnotcomefromlakesorrivers.ItcomesfromundergrounD.Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepavethelesswatercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.Humanactivityisnotresponsibleforallwatershortages短缺.Drierclimatesareofcoursemorelikelytohavedroughts干旱thanareaswithmorerainfallbutinanycasegoodmanagementcanhelptomakesurethereisenoughwatertomeetourbasicneeds.Thinkingaboutthewayweusewatereverydaycanmakeabigdifferencetoo.IntheUnitedStatesafamilyoffourcanuse1.5tonsofwateraday!Thisshowshowmuchwedependonwatertolivebutthere'salotwecandotolowerthenumber.YoucantakestepstosavewaterinyourhomE.Tostartwithusethesameglassforyourdrinkingwaterallday.Washitonlyonceaday.Runyourdishwasher洗碗机onlywhenitisfull.HelpyourparentsfixanyleaksinyourhomE.Youcanevenhelptokeepourwatersupplycleanbyrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.8.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytoleadtolessgroundwater?A.Usingriverwater.B.Pavingparkinglots.C.Throwingbatteriesaway.D.Throwingrubbishintolakes.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Ittakesalotofefforttomeetourwaterneeds.B.Allwatershortagesareduetohumanbehavior.C.ThereismuchwecandotoreducefamilysizE.D.TheaveragefamilyinAmericamakesproperuseofwater.10.Thelastparagraphisintendedto________.A.showushowtofixleaksathomeB.tellushowtorunadishwasherC.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathomeD.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforus11.Thetextismainlyabout________.A.whypavingroadsreducesourwaterB.howhumanactivityaffectsourwatersupplyC.whydroughtsoccurmoreindryclimatesD.howmuchwedependonwatertolive

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpanda大熊猫eatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo竹子.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterfly蝴蝶willstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet多样化饮食.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikesitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.38.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_______.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.catentirolydifferentfood39.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.40.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen______.A.thefoodcolorchangesB.theseasonchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells41.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet

Aresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenoughtheanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextent程度ourintelligenceisgiventousatbirthandnoamountofeducationcanmakeagenius天才outofachildbornwithlowintelligencE.Ontheotherhandachildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirthwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisviewnowheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.ThecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeopletheclosertheyarelikelytobeintelligencE.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulationitislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwins同卵双胞胎theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsistersparentsandchildrenusuallyhavesimilarintelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendoneforexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedevelopingandthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.ThisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachotherbutwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligencE.68.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthatman'sintelligenceisgiventohim_________.A.atbirthB.througheducationC.bothatbirthandthrougheducationD.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation69.Byusingtheexamplethattwopeoplecloserinbloodrelationshiparecloserinintelligencethewriterwantstoprove.A.intelligencecanbedevelopedbyenvironmentB.intelligenceisgivenatbirthC.intelligencecanbedevelopedbyexperienceD.educationplaysanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofeducation70.Achildwholivesinrichandvariedsurroundingsturnsouthigherinintelligencebecause.A.hisfamilyisrichandthereforecanaffordtodevelophisintelligenceB.hecanbreakthelimitsofintelligencefixedatbirthC.hisfamilyisrichandprovideshimwithvarioushealthyfoodD.thesesurroundingsarelikelytohelphimreachthelimitsoftheirintelligence

ThelateststudybytheUniversityofFloridahasfoundthateatingfromsmallerlessbeautifulandevenpaperplateswillhelppreventovereating.Eatingwithaforkinsteadofaspooncanhelpyouloseweighttheresearcherssay.Muchtotheirsurprisetheyfindthatputtingmirrorsinthediningroomwillalsohelpreduceweight.Theresearchersasked185collegestudentstochooseachocolatecakeorafruitsaladandevaluatedthetastE.Thosewhoateinaroomwithamirrorscoredthetasteofjunkfoodmuchlowerthanthoseinaroomwithoutamirror.ButthetasteoffruitsaladremainedthesameinanycasE.LeadscientistDr.AtaJamisaysthataglanceinthemirrortellspeoplemorethanjustabouttheirphysicalappearancE.Itenablesthemtoviewthemselvesobjectively客观地andhelpsthemtojudgethemselvesandtheirbehaviorinthesamewaythattheyjudgeotherpeoplE.Themirrorswerefoundtopushpeopletocompareandmatchtheirownbehaviorwithacceptedsocialstandards.Theresearchersbelieveitprovesthatpeopledon’twanttolookinthemirrorwhentheyfeeltheyarefollowingthesocialstandards.WhentheylookinthemirrorwithmouthsfullofjunkfoodfeelingsofdiscomfortandfailurecanbeincreaseD.ThereforethepresenceofthemirrorlowersthetasteofunhealthyfooD.HoweverresearcherssaythisisonlythecaseifpeopleselectthefoodtheyareeatingbecausetheyareresponsibleforthatchoicE.Theresearcherssuggestthatmirrorsbeplacedindiningroomsandothereatingspacessothatpeoplewillstarteatingmorehealthily.32.Researchersareamazedtofindthat______.A.paperplatesmakefoodlooknicerB.peopleusingaforkwilleatmoreC.mirrorscanhelppeopleloseweightD.peoplewilleatmoreinfrontofamirror33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A.Someteenagersgotinvolvedinit.B.Peoplewererequiredtoeatwithaspoon.C.PeoplepreferredachocolatecaketoafruitsalaD.D.ThemirrormaynotaffectthetasteofhealthyfooD.34.AccordingtoDr.AtaJamithemirror______.A.makespeoplejudgeotherscorrectlyB.makespeoplewelljudgethemselvesC.isanecessarypartofpeople’sdailylifeD.canonlyshowtheappearanceofaperson35.Howdoesthemirroraffectthetasteofjunkfood?A.Bymakingpeoplehungry.B.Byshowingthesocialstandards.C.ByattractingpeopletohealthyfooD.D.Bycausingafeelingofdiscomfort.

Scientistsaretryingtomakethedesertsintogoodlandagain.Theywanttobringwatertothedesertssopeoplecanliveandgrowfood.Theyarelearningalotaboutthedeserts.Butmoreandmoreoftheearthisbecomingdesertallthetime.Scientistsmaynotbeabletochangethedesertintime.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertScientiststhinkthatpeoplemakedeserts.Peoplearedoingbadthingstotheearth.Someplacesontheearthdon’tgetmuchrain.Buttheystilldon’tbecomedeserts.Thisisbecausesomegreenplantsaregrowingthere.Smallgreenplantsandgrassareveryimportanttodryplaces.Plantsdon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier.Plantsdonotletthewindblowthedirtaway.Whenabitofrainfallstheplantsholdthewater.Withoutplantsthelandcanbecomedesertmoreeasily.16.Deserts＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.neverhaveanyplantsoranimalsinthemB.canallbeturnedintogoodlandbeforelongC.arebecomingsmallerandsmallerD.getverylittlerain17.Smallgreenplantsareveryimportanttodryplacesbecause＿＿＿.A.theydon’tletthesunmaketheearthevendrier资*源%库B.theydon’tletthewindblowthesoilawayC.theyholdwaterD.Alloftheabove.18.Landisbecomingdesertlittlebylittlebecause＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.plantscan’tgrowthereB.thereisnotenoughrainC.peoplehaven’tdonewhatscientistswishthemtodoD.scientistsknowlittleaboutthedeserts19.Afterreadingthispassagewelearnthat＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.plantscankeepdrylandfrombecomingdesertB.itisgoodtogetridofthegrassinthedesertsC.allplaceswithoutmuchrainwillbecomedesertsD.itisbettertogrowcropsondrylandthantocutthem20.WhyismoreandmorelandbecomingdesertaccordingtothispassageA.Earthquakesmakedeserts.B.Windmakesdeserts.C.Lackofwatermakesdeserts.D.Peoplemakedeserts.

Cosmetic整形surgeryisusuallyperformedtocorrectaphysicalabnormalityortoenhanceanotherwisenormalphysicalfeatureandthusimproveappearancE.CosmeticsurgeryisanextremelybroadfieldthatmayofferreconstructivesurgeryforapatientafteradamagingburnorotherphysicalinjuriesyetcanalsobeusedtosmoothoutwrinklesorreshapeanosE.CosmeticsurgerywasfirstusedregularlyafterWorldWarIwhentreatmentandreconstructionofwarinjuriesgavehopetoyoungsoldiers.Asrecentlyasfiftyyearsagoastherichandfamousbeganoptingforelectivecosmeticsurgerythesubjectwaswhisperedaboutandconsideredtaboo.Celebrities名人woulddisappearformonthsandthenappearaftersecretcosmeticsurgerylookingyoungerprettierandthinner.Overtimecosmeticsurgeryhasbecomeacceptedandevenencouragedinsomecircles.Todaythereareeventelevisionrealityshowsaboutit.Someofthemorepopularformsofcosmeticsurgeryareliposuction抽脂术inwhichexcessivefatissuckedoutofthebodywithatubeandvacuumdevice;laserfacialresurfacingwhichsmoothslinesonthefacearoundtheeyesandmouthandeliminatesfacialblemishes瑕疵;andhairreplacementsurgerywhichfillsinbaldingareasusingapatient'sownhair.TherearemanymoreformsofcosmeticsurgeryincludingvariationsofthesE.Anyoneinterestedincosmeticsurgeryshouldconsidertherisksandrememberthatitisultimatelysurgery.Notallprocedurescomeoutexactlythewaydoctorsandpatientsforeseeandrecoveryisjustlikeanyothersurgerycompletewithpainandthepossibilityofinfection感染.Whilecosmeticsurgeryisanoptionpatientsshouldchoosedoctorswiselyobtainseveralreferencesandkeeprealisticexpectations.25.Whichkindofpersondoesn'tneedacosmeticsurgery?A.A.personwhosuffersadamagingburn.B.A.personwhowantstoreshapenosE.C.A.personwhoneedstosmoothoutwrinkles.D.A.personwhowishestogetridofheadachE.26.Whatisthemainreasonforacelebrity'soptingforcosmeticsurgery?A.Thecelebritywantstodisappearformonths.B.Thecelebritywatchestelevisionshowsaboutcosmeticsurgery.C.Thecelebritywantstobeyoungerprettierandthinner.D.ThecelebrityisacceptedbytheentertainmentcirclE.27.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theformsofcosmeticsurgery.B.Thedefinitionofcosmeticsurgery.C.Theeffectsofcosmeticsurgery.D.Theadvantagesofcosmeticsurgery.28.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardscosmeticsurgery?A.Cautious.B.PositivE.C.NegativE.D.Doubtful.

ThevalleyknownasSleepyHollowhidesfromtheworldinthehighhillsofNewYorkstatE.Therearemanystoriestoldaboutthequietvalley.Butthestorythatpeoplebelievemostisaboutamanwhoridesahorseatnight.ThestorysaysthemandiedmanyyearsagoduringtheAmericanRevolutionaryWar.Hisheadwasshotoff.EverynightherisesfromhisburialplacejumpsonhishorseandridesthroughthevalleylookingforhislostheaD.NearSleepyHollowisavillagecalledTarryTown.ItwassettledmanyyearsagobypeoplefromHollanD.Thevillagehadasmallschool.AndoneteachernamedIchabodCranE.IchabodCranewasagoodnameforhimbecausehelookedlikeatallbirdacranE.HewastallandthinlikeacranE.Hisshouldersweresmalljoinedtwolongarms.Hisheadwassmalltooandflatontop.HehadbigearslargeglassygreeneyesandalongnosE.Ichaboddidnotmakemuchmoneyasateacher.Andalthoughhewastallandthinheatelikeafatman.Tohelphimpayforhisfoodheearnedextramoneyteachingyoungpeopletosing.EverySundayafterchurchIchabodtaughtsinging.AmongtheladiesIchabodtaughtwasoneKatrinaVanTassel.ShewastheonlydaughterofarichDutchfarmer.ShewasagirlinbloommuchlikearoundredrosyapplE.IchabodhadasoftandfoolishheartfortheladiesandsoonfoundhimselfinterestedinMissVanTassel.Ichabod'seyesopenedwidewhenhesawtherichesofKatrina'sfarm:themilesofappletreesandwheatfieldsandhundredsoffatfarmanimals.HesawhimselfasmasteroftheVanTasselfarmwithKatrinaashiswifE.ButthereweremanyproblemsblockingtheroadtoKatrina'sheart.OnewasastrongyoungmannamedBromVanBrunt.Bromwasaherotoalltheyoungladies.Hisshoulderswerebig.HisbackwaswidE.Andhishairwasshortandcurly.HealwayswonthehorseracesinTarryTownandearnedmanyprizes.BromwasneverseenwithoutahorsE.SuchwastheenemyIchabodhadtodefeatforKatrina'sheart.59.Thefirstparagraphservesas_______.A.exampleB.explanationC.introductionD.comment60.HowcouldIchahodaffordhisfood?A.HehadahighsalaryB.HisparentsandfriendshelpedhimC.HesavedalotD.Heearnedextramoneyteachingyoungpeopletosing.61.Accordingtothestorywhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.IchahodwasthemasteroftheVanTasselfarm.B.IchahodwasKatrina’shusbanD.C.IchahodtriedtowinKatrina’sheart.D.BromVanBrunttreatedIchahodashisenemy.62.Whatwillprobablyhappennextaccordingtothestory?A.Ichahodlostheartandwasreducedtoadrunkard酒鬼.B.IchahodtriedeverymeansandfinallywonKatrina’sheart.C.Ichahodfinallywonalotofwomen’sloveandgaveupKatrinA.D.BromVanBruntwonKatrina’sheartandhereaftermarriedKatrinA.

ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobilE.ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobilE.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworkerinsteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrueeither.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeForD.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.AndhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionlinE.Intheearlydaysoftheautomobilealmosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.ItwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnoticE.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstonE.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.Theracewasin1901atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadenteredbutonlytwowereleft:theWintonandForD.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeeD.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.TheWintontookanearlyleaD.Buthalfwaythroughtheraceitbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.AndneartheendoftheracehetooktheleaD.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell­knownallovertheUnitedStates.WithinweeksoftheraceHenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.In1903adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:IwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeoplE.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamilybutsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.ItwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployeD.AnditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodernengineeringcanproducE.ItwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownonE.TheModelTwasacarofthatkinD.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.21.WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?A.Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.B.HeproducedthefirstcarintheworlD.C.Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.D.HeinventedtheproductionlinE.22.WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?A.Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.B.Todrawpublicattention.C.Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.D.Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.23.WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?A.Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.B.Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.C.Designingmorecarmodels.D.Startingmorecompanies.

Fluency流利inanotherlanguageisoneofthemostimportantaimsofanewcomertoanothercountry.InadditionunderstandingthecultureandlearningtocommunicatecomfortablywithpeopleofthatcultureareasimportantaslearningtherulesofthelanguagE.LanguagelearningandculturelearninggotogetherandmaytakealongtimE.Sometimespeoplefeelthattheyunderstandacultureafterafewweeksormonths.Peopledolearnalotwhentheyfirstbeginlivinginanotherculturebutthisisonlythefirststageoflearning.Itusuallyinvolves包含thingslikelearningeverydayactivitiesandsomebasiccustoms.ToreallyunderstandanotherculturepeoplehavetogobeyondthefirststagE.Thisischallengebecauseitisoftendifficulttoknowwhattolearn.MuchofwhatwecallcultureishardtoseE.Cultureislikeaniceberg.Pictureinyourmindahugeicebergintheocean.Theonlypartoftheicebergthatyouseeisthetip.Youdon’tseetherestoftheicebergbecauseitishiddenfromsightinthewater.ItiseasytoforgetthatitistherE.MostoftheicebergisdeepwithintheoceanjustasmuchofacultureisdeepwithinitspeoplE.Whenyoumeetsomeonefromanotherculturecertainculturedifferencesareobvious:Youhearanotherlanguageoryouhearyourownlanguagespokenwithanaccent.YouseedifferentfoodsclothesandsometimesphysicalcharacteristicsofpeoplE.Youobservenewcustomsorhabitssuchastheuseofchopsticksandbowingorkissingonbothcheeksasagreeting.ThesedifferencesareinterestingandimportantbuttheyareusuallynottoodifficulttounderstanD.Theyarevisiblesotheyareseeneasilyandquickly.Thepartofculturethatisliketheunderwaterpartoftheicebergconsistsofassumptions设想communicationstylesvaluesandbeliefsaboutwhatisrightandwrong.Thehiddenpartofcultureaffectsmuchofaperson’swayofthinkingandcommunicating.Itisthemeaningbehindhisorherverbal言语的andnonverballanguagE.LearningtocommunicatewellwithpeoplefromanothercultureinvolvesbecomingawareofthehiddenpartofculturE.29.What’sthesubjectofthispassage?A.LearningaboutculturE.B.Languagelearning.C.Thehiddenpartoftheiceberg.D.FluencyinanotherlanguagE.30.Whatislearningaboutculture?A.Learningthehiddenpartoftheicebergwhichisunderwater.B.Learningeverydayactivitiesandsomebasiccustoms.C.Learningthecultureofaniceberg.D.LearningthevisibleaswellasthehiddendifferencesofculturE.31.What’sthewriter’sopinion?A.CommunicationstylescanbeeasilyseenandlearneD.B.Languagelearningismoreimportantthanculturelearning.C.LearningaboutcultureisnoteasyandmaytakealongtimE.D.Peopleusuallylearnacultureafterafewweeksormonths.32.Whatconclusioncanwedrawafterreadingthispassage?资*源%库ziyuanku.comA.Valuesandbeliefsarelikethetipoftheiceberg.B.PeopleoftenbecomeawareofthehiddenpartofculturE.C.Thetipoftheicebergislargerthanthehiddenpart.D.Thehiddenpartofculturehasagreateffectonpeople’scommunicationstyles.

Thefactthattreesarevitaltoourlifeisnosecret.Theyprovideuswithfoodwoodandmostimportantlyoxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingyoucanaddtothislist-blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.ThediscoverywaspointedoutbyateammadeupofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMITandhighschoolstudentwhowereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatarenotequippedwithmodernwatersystems.TheresearchersledbyRohitKarnikaprofessoratMITdecidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheyallowliquidtoflowthroughwhileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetreE.Theresearchersthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticles粒子ofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheirastonishmenttheyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingalltheparticles.EncouragedtheteamconductedanotherexperimentthistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteriA.Sureenoughthesapwood边材heldback99%ofthebacteriaallowingonly1%toflowthrough.Mr.Karniksaysthatthebarkwasabletofilterwatercontainingmuchsmallerparticles.Thismeansthatbarkscanbeusedtogetridofamajorityofbacteriasincemostareatleast10timesaswidE.Howeverwhattroublesthemisthattreebarksaren’tblockingoutviruseswhichtendtobemuchsmaller.Alsowhilethepinesapwoodiseffectivewemustrememberonething—itonlyworkswhenitismoist.Thismeansthatbeforethisnaturalfiltercanbeputtopracticalusetheresearcherswillhavetofigureouthowtokeepthewooddamporfindawaytokeepthebark'sgreatfilteringcapabilityevenwhenit'sdry!Buttheteamisnotdoneyet.Theyplanontestingothertypesofsapwoodincludingthosefromfloweringtreeswhichhavesmallerpores气孔.Theythinkthatthesemaybemoreeffectiveintrappingsmallerparticlesandevenviruses32.Howcouldthescientists’discoveryabouttreesaffectsomedevelopingcountries?A.MorepinetreeswillbeplanteD.B.Bacteriawillberemovedfromwater.C.Peoplewon’tworryaboutwaterpollution.D.CleanwaterwillbecomemoreaccessiblE.33.Intheexperimentstheresearchers________.A.foundtreebarkscan’tgetridofvirusesB.usedwatercontainingparticlesofsimilarsizeC.weresurprisedtreebarksremoveallthebacteriaD.madesuremostparticleswerebiggerthanbacteria24.Theunderlinedwordmoistinthepassageprobablymeans________.A.hotB.coldC.dryD.wet35.Theteamisgoingtoconductotherexperimentsto________.A.searchformorekindsofwoodbarksB.findawaytokeepthewooddampC.improvethefilteringabilityoftreesD.testthefilteringabilityofothertrees

BearsandhumanoftenmeetinNationalPark.Althoughcampersandhikersarewarnednottofeedthebearsmanypeopleignorethesewarningsandfeedthebearsanyway.Whenbearsareusedtopeople’sfoodproblemssoonarisE.Bearsliketoeatalargevarietyofthingsbothmeatandvegetables.Withouthumanassistancebearslivenicelyonrootstwigsleavesoftreesinsectsandsmallanimals.Withpeoplearoundbears’tastesquicklyexpandtoincludesandwicheshotdogshamburgersandanythingelsetheycantempthumansintogivingup.Bearsoftendevelopcleverstrategiesfoegettingpeopletoletgotheirfoodsupplies.Moreoftenthannotanunsuspectinghikerhastakenoffhisorherpackforarestonlytofindabearrushoutofthewoodsgrabthepackandquicklydisappearintotheunderbrushwithit.Hangingthepackonatreebranchwon’thelp.Bearshavebeenknowntoclimbupjumpoffandcatchthepackonthewaydown.OnemotherbearstretchesupwithherbabyonhershoulderstoreachapackstoredonapolE.Manybearsthreatenpeopleintogivinguptheirsupplies.Althoughabearisunlikelytoattackapersonandwouldprobablyrunawayifscreamedatfewpeoplearewillingtodoso.Mostpeopledropthepackandruntheotherway.Thisofcoursedelightsthebear.InsomeplacestheParkServiceinstalledsomemetalbarrelswithlidstohelpcamperskeeptheirsuppliessafefrombears.Althoughthebearswereunabletoopenthesecontainerstheeffortwaslessthansuccessful.MostcampersunabletotellthemetaldrumsfromrubbishcansneverusedthemfortheintendedpurposE.56.Ifpeoplehadneverfedbearsthebears______A.mightbesatisfiedwithwhattheyhadoriginallyB.wouldhavestarvedlongbeforeC.wouldn’thaveenoughfoodsupplyD.wouldhavehuntedforotherkindsoffoods57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Iffedonsandwichesandhotdogsthebearswouldnolongereatrootstwigsandinsects.B.It’slikelythatbearswouldhurtpeopleifthepeopledidn’tgiveuptheirfoodC.MostpeoplewouldfrightenawaythebearsthatwouldtempttheirfooD.D.Seeingapackthebearwouldquicklysnatchitandrunawaywithit.58.Bear-proofcontainersdidn’tworkbecause______A.bearswerecleverenoughtogetthefoodinthem.B.theywereleftopenintheopenairC.peoplewerenotsureoftheiruseD.theywereonceusedasrubbishcans

Scientistshavefoundanunusualwaytopreventourplanetfromoverheating:moveittoacoolerspot.AllyouhavetodoistosendafewcometsinthedirectionofEarthanditsorbitwillbechangeD.Ourworldwillthenbesentintoasafercolderpartofthesolarsystem.ThisideaforimprovingourclimatecomesfromagroupofUSNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationNASAengineersandAmericanastronomers.Theysaytheirplancouldaddanothersixbillionyearstotheusefullifetimeofourplanet---effectivelydoublingitsworkinglifE.TheplanputforwardbyDrLaughlinandDonKorycanskyandFredAdamsneedscarefullydirectingacometofasteroidsothatitpassesclosebyourplanetandsendssomeofitsgravitationalenergytoEarth.Intheshorttermtheplanprovidesanidealwaytoglobalwarmingalthoughtheteamwasactuallyconcernedwithamuchgreaterdanger.Thesuniscertaintoheatupinaboutabillionyearsandsoseriouslycompromiseourbiosphere生物圈---bycookingus.That'swhythegroupdecidedtotrytosaveEarth.Theplanhasoneortwoworryingaspectshowever.Forastartspaceengineerswouldhavetobeverycarefulabouthowtheydirectedtheirasteroid小行星orcomettowardsEarth.Thesmallestmiscalculation误算inorbitcouldfireitstraightatEarth---withdeadlyresults.ThereisalsothequestionoftheMoon.AsthescientificAmericanmagazinepointsoutifEarthwaspushedoutofitscurrent目前的positionitismostlikelythattheMoonwouldbetakenawayfromEarthitstates.Thiswouldchangeourplanet'sclimatE.32.IftheplanissuccessfulEarthwillhaveaworkinglifeof____years.A.12billionB.6billionC.18billionD.24billion33.WhatmakesthescientistsplantosaveEarth?A.A.fewcometsaremovingtothedirectionofEarth.B.Earth'sworkinglifeiscomingtoanendsoon.C.EarthwillbecometoohotformankindtokeepalivE.D.ThemoonismovingfartherandfartherawayfromEarth.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcompromisemean?A.provideB.benefitC.shareD.endanger35.Whatseriousproblemsmighttheplancauseaccordingtothepassage?A.Earthmightbemovedtoofarawayandmanmightbefrozentodeath.B.ThecometmighthitEarthandmanmightlosethemoon.C.ThecometmighthitJupiterorSaturnandneverreturntoEarth.D.Earth'sworkinglifemightbegreatlyshorteneD.

Hippos河马havealwaysattractedpeople'sinterest.ModernhipposinWaltDisneymoviescandancelightly.A.stonehippoina13th-centurychurchinFrancehaswings.AndinancientEgyptianfairytalesthehippowasagoddessthatguidedthedeadtotheafterworlD.Despitetheirpopularappealhipposaswellasotheranimalshavedifficultywhentheirneedsconflictwiththoseofhumans.TheearlyEgyptianslikedtohunthipposfortheirteethandbecausetheyweredangerousanimals.Amulets护身符toprotectbabiesfromdemons恶魔weremadefromhippobones.About4000yearsagothereweresomanyhipposinEgyptthattheycausedseriouscropdamagE.Egyptianfarmerskilledthemroutinelyandbythebeginningofthe19thcenturyallthehipposinAfricahadbeenkilleD.Peopleusedtoseehipposfightinthearenas角斗场ofancientRomE.AfterthefalloftheRomanEmpirehipposweren'tseeninEuropeagainuntilafewzoosbegantoexhibittheminthemid1800s.Allthevarioususesandabusesofhipposthroughthecenturieshavemadetheirpopulationfallgreatly.WheretheydooccurmostlyinnationalparkstheyliveinsuchhighdensitythattheymakethegrasslandsbarE.Thiscausesothergrass-eatinganimalstogofartherforfoodandhipposwhichcan'tlivefarfromwaterdestroytheirownfeedinggrounds.32.InAfricahipposbecameextinct_____.A.aroundthe1850sB.inthe13thcenturyC.about4000yearsagoD.intheearly19thcentury33.Apartfromprotectingcropswhat'sthemainreasonforpeopletokillhippos?A.Tosaveotheranimals.B.Tosatisfypersonaldemands.C.Tolookforguidanceafterdeath.D.TofollowtheroutineestablishedbytheEgyptians.34.Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby_____?A.concentrationB.altitudeC.levelD.temperature35.Whatproblemsdohipposleadto?A.Theyeatupthegrassintheirhabitats.B.Theyalwaysdestroyotheranimals'fooD.C.Theystopotheranimalsfromdrinkingwater.D.Theygrowtooquicklyforthelandtosupport.

Doctorsinhospitalemergencyroomsoftenseeaccidentalpoisonings中毒.A.frightenedparentarriveswithachildwhoswallowedacleaningliquiD.OrperhapstheharmfulsubstanceisamedicinE.Oritmightbeachemicalproductmeanttokillinsects.Thesearecommoncausesofaccidentalpoisoning.IncaseslikethislookformedicalhelpassoonaspossiblE.Savethecontainerofwhatevercausedthepoisoning.Andlookonthecontainerforinformationaboutanythingthatstopstheeffectsofthepoison.Saveanythingexpelled被强迫排除fromthemouthofthevictim.Thatwaydoctorscanexamineit.Inthepastsomepeopleforcedpoisoningvictimstoemptythestomach.Theyusedaliquidsyrupofipecac催呕剂todothis.Butanorganizationofchildren’sdoctorsnolongeradvisesparentstokeepsyrupofipecaC.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssayssomepoisonscancauseadditionaldamagewhentheycomebackupthethroat.Millionsofpeopleknowawaytosaveapersonwhoischokingonsomethingtrappedinthethroat.ThemethodiscommonlyknownastheHeimlichManeuverorabdominalthrusts.TheAmericanRedCrosssaysarescuershouldfirsthitthepersononthebackfivetimesbetweentheshoulderbones.Thesebackblowsmayeasethechoking.IftheairwayisstillblockedtheRedCrosssuggestspushinghardfivetimesalongthevictim’sabdomen.Theabdomenistheareabetweenthechestandthehip臀bones.25.Savethecontainerofwhatevercausedthepoisoningto____.A.lookforharmfulinformationB.lookonitC.useittobreakthepoisonD.lookformedicalhelp26.Whyareparentsadvisednottokeepsyrupofipecac?A.Tokeepthestomachempty.B.ToavoidmoredamagE.C.TokeepsyrupofipecacsafE.D.Tokeepthestomachfull.27.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphistotellusabout_____.A.awaytopreventapersonfromchoking.B.theabdominalthrustsC.awaytocurechokingD.theabdomen28.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LearningthebasicsoffirstaidB.AccidentalpoisoningsC.CommoncausesofaccidentalpoisoningD.Poisoningsandfirstaid

Howcanyouchangenegative消极的thoughts?Manypeoplesuggestchangingyourattitudebythinkingofsomethingbrightandhappy.HoweverscientistsfromQueen’sUniversityinCanadasaidthattheremightbeanotherway:bywalkinglikeahappyperson.ItisnotsurprisingthatourmoodandthewaywefeelaffectshowwewalkbutwewanttoseewhetherthewaywemovealsoaffectshowwefeelexplainedNikolausTrojetheleadscientisttoTheIndependent.ScientistsbelievedthatthewaywerememberemotionalmessagesisaffectedbyourmooD.Thosewhosufferfromdepression抑郁remembernegativeinformationfarmoreeasilythanactivemessagesespeciallywhentheinformationisaboutthem.InordertoprovethisTrojeandhisteamusedcamerastoobserve47peoplewalkingonthetreadmill跑步机.Halfofthepeoplewereencouragedtomimic模仿adepressivewalkingstylewhiletheotherhalfmovedlikeahappyperson.Walkingspeedwaskeptequalforbothgroups.Duringthetimeonthetreadmillthescientistsreadoutalistofactiveandnegativewordsaskingpeopletodecidewhetherornoteachworddescribedthemwell.Afterwardspeoplewereaskedtoreciteasmanyofthewordsastheycouldremember.Asexpectedthosewhohadbeenmimickingadepressedwalkrememberedmorenegativewordsthanthosethathadbeenwalkinginahappymanner.Thisfindingmeansthatourwalkinfluencesthewaywetreatinformation.Andthescientistsbelievethatusingahappywalkingstylecouldhelpwithtreatmentfordepression.28.WhatnewwaydidscientistsfromQueen’sUniversitypossiblyfindtochangenegativethoughts?A.Doingsomethinghappy.B.Thinkingofsomethingbright.C.Walkinglikeahappyperson.D.Thinkingaboutbeingahappyperson.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutTroje’stest?A.The47peoplewalkedonthetreadmill.B.HalfofthepeoplewalkedinadepressivewalkingstylE.C.AnotherhalfwalkedinahappywalkingstylE.D.Thetwogroupswalkedatdifferentspeeds.30.Inthetestthosewhowalkedinahappymanner______.A.rememberedmorenegativewordsB.rememberedmorepositivewordsC.livedahappierlifeD.livedaharderlife31.Accordingtothestorythefindingcanhelp______.A.treatpatientswithdepressionB.improveone’sactingskillsC.dealwithpeople’smemorylossD.changeaperson’sexercisehabit

Doeshappinesshaveascent?Whensomeoneishappycanyousmellit?Youcanusuallytellwhensomeoneishappybasedonseeingthemsmilehearingthemlaughorperhapsfromreceivingabighug.Butcanyoualsosmelltheirhappiness?SurprisingnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessdoesindeedhaveascentandthattheexperienceofhappinesscanbespreadthroughsmellreportsPhys.org.Forthestudy12youngmenwereshownvideosmeanttobringaboutavarietyofemotionswhileresearchersgatheredsweatsamplesfromthem.AllofthemenwerehealthyandnoneofthemweredrugusersorsmokersandallwereaskedtoabstainfromdrinkingoreatingsmellyfoodsduringthestudyperioD.Thosesweatsampleswerethengivento36equallyhealthyyoungwomentosmellwhileresearchersmonitoredtheirreactions.Onlywomenwereselectedtosmellthesamplesapparentlybecausepreviousresearchhasshownthatwomenhaveabettersenseofsmellthanmenandarealsomoresensitivetoemotionalsignaling—thoughit’sunclearwhyonlymenwerechosentoproducethescents.Researchersfoundthatthebehaviorofthewomenaftersmellingthescents—particularlytheirfacialexpressions—indicatedarelationshipbetweentheemotionalstatesofthemenwhoproducedthesweatandthewomenwhosniffedthem.Humansweatproducedwhenapersonishappybringsaboutastatesimilartohappinessinsomebodywhobreathesthissmellsaidstudyco-authorGunSeminaprofessoratKocUniversityinTurkey.Thisisafascinatingfindingbecauseitnotonlymeansthathappinessdoeshaveascentbutthatthescentiscapableoftransmittingtheemotiontoothers.Thestudyalsofoundthatotheremotionssuchasfearseemtocarryascenttoo.Thisensurespreviousresearchsuggestingthatsomenegativeemotionshaveasmellbutitisthefirsttimethishasprovedtobetrueofpositivefeelings.ResearchershaveyettoisolateexactlywhatthechemicalcompoundforthehappinesssmellisbutyoumightimaginewhatthepotentialapplicationsforsuchafindingcouldbE.HappinessperfumesforinstancecouldbeinventeD.Scenttherapies香味疗法couldalsobedevelopedtohelppeoplethroughdepressionoranxiety.Perhapsthemostsurprisingresultofthestudyhoweverisourbroadenedunderstandingofhowemotionsgetcommunicatedandalsohowourownemotionsarepotentiallymanagedthroughoursocialcontextandtheemotionalstatesofthosearoundus.28.Whatisthemainfindingofthenewresearch?A.Menproducemoresweats.B.Negativeemotionshaveasmell.C.Pleasantfeelingscanbesmeltout.D.Womenhaveabettersenseofsmell.29.TheunderlinedpartabstainfrominParagraph3probablymeans_________.A.avoidB.practiceC.continueD.try30.Whatistheapplicationvalueofthenewresearch?A.Perfumescouldhelppeopleunderstandeachother.B.SomesmellscouldbedevelopedtobetterourmooD.C.Perfumescouldbeproducedtocurephysicaldiseases.D.SomesmellscouldbecreatedtoimproveourappearancE.31.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat___________.A.happinesscomesfromascentofsweatB.positiveemotionscandeepenunderstandingC.peopleneedmoreemotionalcommunicationD.socialsurroundingscaninfluenceouremotions

Anewstudysaysonepartofthehumanbrainmaybecomesmallerastheresultofaconditionknownasjetlag.JetlagresultsfromflyinglongdistancesinanairplanE.Peoplewithjetlagfeelextremelytiredforseveraldays.Theymayalsohaveproblemsinthinkingclearlyandremembering.RecentlyaresearcherattheUniversityofBristolinBritainreportedthefindingsofhisjetlagstudywhichinvolvedtwentywomenwhoworkedforinternationalairlines.Theyhadservedpassengersonairplanesforfiveyears.Theseflightattendantsflewacrossmanycountriesandatleastseventimezones.Inthestudytheflightattendantshaddifferentamountsoftimetorecoverfromjetlag.Halfthewomenspentfivedaysorfewerintheirhomeareasbetweenlongflights.Theotherhalfspentmorethanfourteendaysintheirhomeareas.Theresearchertooksomesalivafromthewomen’smouthstomeasurelevelsofahormone荷尔蒙thatincreasesduringstress.Hetestedthemtoseeiftheycouldrememberwhereblackspotsappearedonacomputerscreen.Andhetookpicturesoftheirbrainstomeasurethesizeofthebrain’stemporallobes.脑叶.Itwasfoundthatthewomenwhohadlesstimebetweenflightshadsmallerrighttemporallobes.Thisareaofthebraindealswithrecognizingandrememberingwhatisseen.Thesamegroupperformedworseandhadslowerreactiontimesonthevisualmemorytest.Andtheirsalivasamplesshowedhigherlevelsofstresshormones.Theresearcherbelievesthebrainneedsatleasttendaystorecoverafteralongtrip.Hesaysairlineworkerstoldhimtheirabilitytoremembergotworseafterworkingonplanesforaboutfouryears.Otherstudieshaveshownthatincreasedfeelingsofstresscancausealossofcellsinthepartofthebrainthatcontrolsmemory.Scientistssaymoretestsareneededtostudytheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.Theywanttofindoutiftoomuchjetlagcouldpermanentlyaffectmemory.28.Accordingtothetextjetlag_____.A.cancausedifficultiesinspeakingB.canmakepeoplefeeltiredforafewweeksC.canbeonlyfoundinflightattendantsD.canbecausedbyflyingoverseveraltimezones29.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.theconclusionisrefusedbymanyscientistsB.scientistsfearthatthisresearchisnotdoneproperlyC.everyscientificconclusionneedsthesupportfrommanytestsD.thewomenwhowereexaminedintheresearchwerenothealthy30.Fromtheresultoftheresearchwecanseethat_____.A.thewomenwhohavelongerrestathomeperformbetteronthetest.B.thewomenwhoflyinshorttimehavesmallerrighttemporallobesC.thewomenwhohavelongerflightsfailthememorytestD.thewomenwhorestmorethan14daysproducemorehormones31.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetest?A.Thecauseofjetlag.B.A.storyofagroupofflightattendants.C.Theimportanceofhavingenoughrestafterflights.D.A.researchabouttheeffectsofjetlagonthebrain.

Somepeoplethinkthattheywillgetilliftheyusetheirbrains大脑toomuch.ItisnottruE.ThroughmanystudiesscientistsshowusthatthemoreyouuseyourbrainsthebetteritwillbeandtheclevereryouwillbecomE.Ofcourseifyouwanttokeepyourmindclearandactiveyoumusttakeaproperrestandstudyproperly.Totheteenagersusingtheirbrainsinthemorningisgoodfortheirhealth.Therearemanywaystorest.Oneisapeacefulrest.Sleepisapeacefulrest.Anotherisanactiverest.Forexampletakeawalkoutdoorsdomoreexerciseeveryday.Tochangethewayofthebrains’activitiesisalsoagoodwaytorest.Ineverydaylifetoeatsomeeggsmeatfreshvegetablesandfruitisalsogoodforthebrains.WishyouawisemanandahappylifE.17.Accordingtothewriterofthepassageourbrainsshouldbeused____.A.hardlyB.seldomC.moreoftenD.attimes18.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue?A.Sleepisakindofagoodrest.B.Doingmorningexercisesisapeacefulrest.C.Goingoutforarestisanactiverest.D.Therearedifferentactivitiesforagoodrest.19.Whichistrue?A.Illnesscomesfromthefactthebrainsareusedtoomuch.B.Fruitsarethemostimportantforthebrains.C.Thebrainswillbebetteriftheyareusedoften.D.Sleepistheonlywayofhavingarest.20.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtouseyourbrainsB.HowtorestC.HowtobecomeawisemanD.Keepyourmindclear

Everfeellikeyou’vebeenhitontheheadafterabadnight’ssleep?Accordingtoscientiststhethoughtisn’tasunbelievableasitseems.AstudyfoundgoingwithoutsleepforjustonenightcauseschangesinthebrainsimilartothosethatoccurafterablowtotheheaD.TheresearcherssaidthehealthyyoungmenexaminedinthestudyshowedasuddenincreaseinthesamechemicalswhichindicatebraindamagE.ProfessorChristianBenedictofUppsalaUniversitySwedenexplainedthatthechemicalsNSEandS-100Barebiomarkers生物指标forbraindamagesuchasconcussion脑震荡.HesaidWhatwefoundwastheirlevelsinthebloodroseinthegroupthatwentwithoutsleepforanight.Thiswasnottotheextentthatwouldhappenafteraheadinjuryforinstancebutitwasstillsignificant.Duringsleepthebraincleanspoisonoussubstancesoffitself.BenedictalsosaidpreviousstudieswhichlinkedalackofsleepwithincreasedriskofAlzheimer’sParkinson’sandmultiplesclerosiscouldapplaudhisstudy.TheriseofthechemicalsinthebloodaftersleeplossmaysuggestnotgettingenoughsleepcontributestoalossofbraintissueheexplaineD.BenedictwhosestudyispublishedinthejournalSleepaddedInconclusionthefindingsofourexperimentindicateagoodnight’ssleepmaybecriticaltomaintainingbrainhealth.AthirdoftheUKpopulationsufferfromsleep-relatedproblemswhiletheaveragepersonnowsleepsforonlysevenhoursanightcomparedwithalmostnineafewdecadesago.Manyscientistsbelieveirregularsleepingpatternsleadtoillnessesrangingfromachesandpainstoheartdiseasewhilelessthaneighthours’sleepanightcanlowertheIQthenextday.8.Ifyoudon’tsleepforanightwhatwillhappen?A.NSEandS-100BwillincreasE.B.Thebraindamagewillbelikeaheadinjury.C.Youwillsufferfromconcussion.D.Thebrainwillgetridofpoisonoussubstances.9.Whatdoweknowaboutpreviousstudies?A.Theyfoundreasonsforbraindisorders.B.TheirfindingswerepublishedinSleep.C.TheyweresupportedbyBenedict’sstudy.D.Theyfocusedonbrainhealth.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.UKpeoplehavetheworstsleep.B.Man’sintelligenceisaffectedbysleepinaway.C.Peopleweresmarterinthepast.D.Alackofsleepcausesallbrain-relatedproblems.11.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Eighthours’sleepisimportant.B.Regularsleepingpatternsimprovehealth.C.SleeplossisclosetoablowtotheheaD.D.Humanbrainsworkduringsleep.

Theearthisdyingbeforeusyetwesitandwatch.IftheTVorthegamesystembreakswerunofftothestorestogetitfixedimmediatelynomatterwhatthecost.Whyaren’twewillingtofixourearth?Areourtelevisionsandgamesystemsmoreimportanttousthanwherewelive?Whereshallwecontinuetoliveuntiltheendoftime?TheearthisourhomeandcannotbereplaceD.Wemusttakecareofit.Wehavecomeupwithsomuchtechnologythatlimitsusinsteadofhelpingus.Takethatgamesystemweruntorepair.Whatdoesitdo?Itoccupieskids’time!TheearthhasalreadygivenkidsplentyofentertainmentintheformsoffieldsandhillsforestsandplainswaterandlanD.Howeverinsteadofusingwhattheearthhasgivenusandhelpingkidsbygivingthemexerciseastheyrunaroundwedecidetoruinkids’mindswithgamesystemsthatgluethemtothescreenforhoursandmakethemignoretheirhomeworkandchores.Wehavepollutedthisearthbymakingthesethingsthatdonotevenhelpusinanyway!WehavealreadymessedupthisworlD.We’veruinedtheairwaterandanimalsthatithassowillinglyprovidedforus.WeneedtostopthisdestructionoflifeandbringbacktheworldwehadbeforE.Itwillnotbeeasybuteverybodycanhelp!Whataboutsomethingassimpleasturningthelightsoffwhenyouleavearoom?Recyclingwhatcanberecycled?Pickinguplitter?Donatingmoneytoanenvironmentalorganization?NoneofthesethingsareveryharD.Wecan’tjustalwayssayOhtheearthisamess.Ahwellthosebigcompaniesthatarepollutingsomuchcanstopandfixit.Insteadweneedtohelpout.It’snotonlythosebigcompanies;it’severydaythingsthatwedotoothatareruiningtheearth.Sostopandthinkaboutwhatyoucandotomakeadifferencetoourworld!25.W.hydoestheauthormentiontelevisionsandgamesystemsinParagraph1?A.Tomakepeoplebetterawareoftheurgencytotheprotectionoftheearth.B.ToexposethegreatharmdonetotheearthbytoomuchtechnologywastE.C.Toshowtherelationshipbetweenoveruseofthosethingswithearlydeath.D.Toremindpeopletospendlessonthemandusethesavedmoneyinawiserway.26.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthattheauthor______.A.thinkswemusttakecareofourirreplaceablehome—theearthB.thinksrunningaroundinfieldsoccupiestoomuchofkids’timeC.takesanextremelynegativeattitudetothingslikegamesystemsD.takesitforgrantedthattechnologygiveskidsplentyofentertainment.27.Wecanclearlyfeelthattheauthorwrotethispassagewithdeep_____.A.gratitudeB.regretC.emotionD.hatred28.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tocriticizethosebigcompaniesthatruintheearth.B.Toaskpeopletosavekidsfromtheharmdonebypollution.C.Togivekidsplentyofentertainmentinaclearenvironment.D.Tocallonpeopletostopruiningtheearth.

September212050----AtapressconferencetodayitwasannouncedthatthefirsttouristheadingforMarswillbethe38-year-oldUSbusinessmanPatrickClifforD.HewillleavetheearthinthelaunchingwindowofJune2052andsethisfootonthesurfaceofMarsinNovembertogetherwiththeother6astronautsassignedforthemissiontofurtherexploretheplanet.Patrickhasnowtwoyearsoftrainingaheadofhimtogetreadyforthetrip.NotonlywillhespendfivemonthsingettingtoMarsbutanother600daystherebeforehecangobackhomE.PatrickwasofcourseveryexcitedThishasbeenmydreamsinceIwasfourandseeingthefirstmanonMars20yearsagomademerealizethatitwaspossiblE.Tobeabletopaythe$1.3billionforhisticketforthetripPatricksoldhismajoritystake股份inthecompanyhisfatherhadbuilt.IknowthatmyfatherwouldhavebeenproudofmeifhehadstillbeenalivetodayheknewwhatthismeanstomesaysPatrick.ThereisnoriskthoughthatyouwillfindPatrickbegginginyourstreetcornerwhenhecomesbackbutitissaidthathewaspaidtwiceasmuchforhispartofthecompany.Sohowishegoingtospendhis600daysontheredplanet?WellsinceIdon’thaveajobwhenIgetbackaftersellingthecompanyIhaveplentyoftimetocomeupwithanewbusinessideahesaysandlaughs.Ifhebringsashovel铁锹hecanstartbuildingthefirsthoteltherebutmaybeheshouldn’texpecttoomanyguestsuntilsomeonecanofferacheaperticket.13.HowlongwillPatrickCliffordbeawaybeforehecomesback?A.AboutfivemonthsB.AbouttwoyearsC.About600daysD.About750days14.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph3meansthat.A.thetripwillturnPatrickintoabeggarB.PatrickwillgetmuchmoneyfromthetripC.weneedn’tworryaboutPatrick’seconomicconditionD.it’slikelythatPatrickwillbeverypoorafterhecomesback15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.PatrickisanoptimisticmanB.A.totalofsixpeoplewillgotoMarsC.Patrick’sfatherfeltexcitedatthenewsD.Patrickwillspendallhismoneyonthetrip

Whatwereyoudoingbeforeyoustartedreadingthis?Wereyoufullyfocusedonanotherarticle?Oreatingbreakfast?Organizingyourday?Orwereyoustaringoutofthewindowfeelingrestlessandbored?Itislikelytohavebeenthelatter.Briefmomentsofboredomareuniversalandarefrequentlywhatdrivesustostopwhatwearedoingandmovetosomethingthatwehopewillbemoreexciting.ButalthoughboredomiscommonitisneitherunimportantnorfavorableaccordingtoDrJohnEastwoodapsychologistatYorkUniversityToronto.EastwoodisthejointauthorofTheUnengagedMindamajornewpaperonthetheoryofboredom.Boredomhepointsoutinthepaperhasbeenconnectedwithovereatingdepressionanxietyandanincreasedriskofmakingmistakes.MistakesatworkmightnotbeamatteroflifeanddeathformostofusbutifyouareanairtrafficcontrollerpilotornuclearpowerplantoperatortheymostcertainlycanbE.CommercialpoloSamiFranksconfirmsthatboredomcanmakepilotsloseattention.Whenyouflyalengthydistancetherearetwopilotsoneofwhomismonitoringallthescreenswhiletheotherdoesthepaperworktalkstoairtrafficcontrolandsoon.Youneedtobealert警觉的forlandingandtakeoffbutonceyou’re500ftabovetherunwaytheplane’sonautopilot自动驾驶仪anditcanbeveryquietandboring.InastudyIsawofpilotswhowokeupafterashortsleep.30%ofthemreportedseeingtheotherpilotasleeptoosaidFranks.HoweverDrEstherPriyadharshiniaseniorlecturerineducationattheuniversityofEastAngliahasstudiedboredomandsaysitcanbeseeninapositivelight.Wecan’tpreventboredom—it’sanunavoidablehumanemotion.Wehavetoacceptitandfindwaystocontrolit.WeallneeddowntimE.There’snoneedtobefullybusywithworkatalltimes.shesays.Childrenwhocomplainthattheyhavenothingtodoonrainyholidaysmaytrytofindotherthingstofocuson.TheartistGraysonPerryhasreportedlyspokenofhowlongperiodsofboredominchildhoodmayhaveimprovedhiscreativity.Weallneedvacanttimetomull深思熟虑thingsoversaysPriyadharshini.32.WecanlearnfromEastwoodthat_______.A.boredomcanbepotentially潜在地dangerousB.airtrafficcontrollersusuallyfeelboredC.briefmomentsofboredomarenotcommonD.makingmistakesisamajorcauseofboredom33.ThestudymentionedbyFranksshowsthat______.A.pilotsneedtobealertforlandingandtakeoffB.pilotsmustworkwelltogetherwhenflyingC.boredomcanmakepilotsloseattentionD.flyingaplaneisgenerallyquitefun34.WhichofthefollowingmightbePerry’sopiniononboredom?A.ItoftenleadstofailurE.B.Ithasabeneficialeffect.C.Itismorelikelytohappentochildren.D.Itmakeschildrenloseinterestinlearning.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyamIsobored?B.Isboredombadforyou?C.CanIhaveyourattention?D.HowcanIgetridofboredom?

AboutfiveyearsagoanAmericanelectricalengineernamedScottBrusawandhiswifeJuliecameupwiththeideaofputtingsolarpanelsonthegroundratherthantheroof.ThentheybegantodeveloptheSolarRoadwayspeciallyforanewtypeofcars—eco-cars.TheSolarRoadwayisanintelligentroadthatprovidescleanrenewableenergyusingpowerfromthesunwhileprovidingsaferdrivingconditionsalongwithpoweranddatadelivery.TheypredictthattheSolarRoadwaywillpayforitselfthroughthegenerationofelectricityalongwithotherformsofincomeandthatthesameamountofmoneythatisbeingusedtobuildandresurfacecurrentroadscanbeusedtobuildtheSolarRoadways.EachSolarRoadPanelmeasuresroughly4metersby4metersandcontainsamicroprocessor微处理器thatmonitorsandcontrolsthepanelwhilecommunicatingwithneighboringpanelsandthevehiclestravelingoverheaD.Theinventorssuggestthatthisprovidesacommunicationdeviceevery4metersoneveryroadwhichcouldbeusedforexampletowarndriversofcarswhicharemovingacrossacentrelineandvariousotherspeedcontrolproblems.ThetopoftheSolarRoadpanelsismadeofsuper-strongglassthatwouldoffervehiclesthetractions抓地力theyneeD.AccordingtotheinventorstheSolarRoadwaycreatesandcarriescleanrenewableelectricityandthereforeelectricvehiclescanberechargedatanyconvenientlylocatedreststoporatanybusinessthathaspavedSolarRoadPanelsintheirparkinglots.TheinventorssaytheirSolarRoadwayhasmanyfunctionsandadvantagesfrommainroadstodrivewaysparkinglotsbikepathssidewalksandrunways.TheFederalHighwayAdministrationhasgivenBrusaw$100000todeveloptheinventionandBrusawhopestobuildasmart-roadparkinglotinthecomingspring.51.Intheinventors’opiniontheSolarRoadway.A.istooexpensivetobuildatpresentB.costsnomoremoneythancurrentroadsC.canprovideasmanydataaspresentcomputersD.willbringthemalargesumofmoney52.TheunderlinedwordtheyinParagraph2refersto.A.thepanelsB.theinventorsC.theresearchersD.thevehicles53.TheSolarRoadwayincludesallthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPT.A.providingsaferdrivingconditionsB.helpingdriverscommunicatewitheachotherwhiledrivingC.creatingandcarryingcleanrenewableelectricityD.warningdriversofvariousspeedcontrolproblems54.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.A.theSolarRoadwayhasalreadybeenputintouseB.＄100000isnotenoughtobuildasmart-roadparkinglotC.theSolarRoadwayisnotavailableforgas-poweredcarsD.futureelectricvehiclescanbechargedanytimeandanywhere55.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Solar-poweredsmartroadofthefutureB.ThegreatchangesontheroadwayC.TheinfluencetheSolarRoadwayhasonpeopleD.TheSolarRoad—amuchfasterroad

AmazingScientificBreakthroughHelpsYouLoseWeightwithoutStarvationDietsorTiringExerciseHaveYouEverWishedTherewasafasteasyandreliablewaytosafelydropweightbymagicallysuppressingyourfooddesires?Aneasywaytouseproductthatmagicallymeltsoffuglyfatwithoutdieting[caloriecountingortiringexercise?Whatifthisbreakthroughcouldalsoincreaseyourenergylevelsandbrightenedyourmoodthroughouttheday?IntroducingTheAmazingDietPatchTheallnewAmazingDietPatchasseenonTVisarevolutionarynewweightlosssystemthatmakesyoulose3to7poundsweeafterweek!Untilyoufitintotheclothesyou’vealwaysdreamedof!Thisisthefastestmosteffectiveandsafewaytoloseweight.Withoutstarvationdietsorstrenuousexercise!HowDoesItWork?ThesecretisamaterialcalledFucusVesiculosusthatsuppressesyourfooddesiresandincreasesyourmetabolismturningyourbodyintoafatburningmachinE.Justlistentowhatothersaresayingaboutit:AfterthebirthofmychildIstartedgainingweightquicklyandnothingwouldmakemeloseweight.AtfirstIwonderedifthedietpatchreallyworked?ButIdecidedtotrythefreesampleandafterthefirstsevendaysIlost7-Lbs.Icouldn’tfeelbetteraboutmyself.—SherryParkerIcouldnotbelievehoweasyitwastousetheAmazingDietPatch!I’vetriedusingpillsbutIwouldalwaysforgettotakepillsbeforemymeals.NowwiththepatchIjustputitoninthemorningandforgetaboutit.—JeffRobinsNotAvailableInStoresButyoucangetitrightheredirectlyfromusthroughthisspecialonlineoffer.Andwe’rewillingtoabsorb100%oftheriskbygivingyoua1-WeekFreeTrial!25.AccordingtothepassageweknowthattheAmazingDietPatchissomekindof_______.A.pillsB.soupC.vegetablesD.plaster膏26.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedwordsuppressing?A.increasingB.changingC.controllingD.burning27.TheAmazingDietpatchisavailableonly_______.A.ontheTVB.throughtheonlineC.inthedrugstoreD.inthesupermarket28.ThepurposeoftheAmazingDietPatchistoloseyourweightby______.A.changeyourmetabolismB.doinglargeamountofexercisesC.brighteningyourmoodD.increasingyourdiet

Therewasgoodnewslastweekforpeoplewhostruggletogeteighthoursofsleepanight:theymaynotneedsomuchshut-eyeafterall.ResearchersfromUCLAandelsewherelookedatsleephabitsofremotehunter-gatherersinTanzaniaNamibiaandBolivia—groupswithpre-industriallifestyleswhosesleeppatternsarebelievedtoreflectthoseofancienthumans.Theresearchersfoundthatonaveragemembersofeachgroupsleepabitlessthansixandahalfhoursanight.ThestudypublishedintheacademicjournalCurrentBiologyindicatesthatnaturalsleepislessthaneighthoursanightandthatmodernsociety’snumerouselectronicdistractions分心aren’tnecessarilytoblameforpeoplegettingjustsixorsevenhoursofsleep.Thestorythatoftengetsoutisthatifyousleepforlessthansevenhoursyou’regoingtodieearlyhetoldmE.That’snottruE.YetAmericansareaddictedtogettingmoresleep—andonturningtomedicalshortcutstohelpthem.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlasmanyas70millionU.S.adultssufferfromsleepdisordersorsleeplessness.OnlyathirdofAmericansgetthegovernment’srecommendedseventoninehoursofsleepanight.About9millionAmericanadultsusesleepingpillstohelpgetagoodnight’sresttheCDCfounD.Siegelsaidthenumberofpeoplerelyingonmedicineshasgoneupratherrapidlysincethen.IndustryconsultingfirmGlobalDataestimatesthatworldwidesalesforsleeplessnessmedicineswillrunabout$1.4billionnextyearandreach$1.8billionby2023recoveringfromlowersalesinrecentyearsbecauseofcheapergenerics仿制药hittingthemarket.Dr.RoyArtalasleepspecialistinWestLosAngelessaidit’sunderstandablethatbusypeopleintoday’sgo-goworldwouldturntomedicinestospeedupthesleepprocess.Butallthey’redoingisbuildingarelianceonpowerfuldrugsforrelativelylittleimprovement.There’snomagicpillthatmakesussleepwhenwewantandwakeupwhenwewantArtalsaiD.Theeffectsofsleepingpillstendtobemodest.Heandotherexpertssaytheanswertosleeplessnessisn’ttobefoundinapillbottlE.It’sinwhat’scalledsleephygiene保健.57.Theresearchonsleephabitsofremotehunter-gatherersinTanzaniaNamibiaandBoliviashowsthat________.A.TheyhavealackofsleepbecauseoftheirbadlifestyleB.naturalsleepmaybelessthaneighthoursanightC.ModernelectronicproductscausethesleeplessnessD.Pre-industriallifestyleswillbehelpfultoabettersleep58.JeromeSiegelbelievesthat________.A.WeneedtotakesleepingpillstoimprovesleepB.ModernelectronicproductsdoharmtoagoodsleepC.Thosewhosleepforlessthan7hourswilldieearlyD.Thereisnothingwrongwitha6or7hours’sleep59.Theunderlinedwordmodestprobablymeans________.A.obviousB.awfulC.smallD.large60.Themainideaofthispassageisthat_________.A.Peoplemaynotneedeighthoursofsleepanight.B.peopleneedsleepingpillstohaveagoodsleepC.sleepingpillshavealongwaytogoforsleepimprovementD.Sleepingpillindustrywillsuffergreatlossesfromthenewdiscovery

ThisistheSCIENCEINTHENEWSI'mBarbaraKlein.Animalexpertssayoneoftheworld'smostbeautifulandrarekindsofbigcatisclosetodisappearingfromthewilD.A.studyearlierthisyearfoundthataboutthirtyAmurleopards豹stilllivefreE.ThecatsarealsocalledFarEasternleopards.RecentlytheirnumberhasbeenreducedbyoneSomepersonshotafemaleAmurthenbeathertodeath.Theanimal'sbodywasdiscoveredlastmonthintheBarsovyNationalWildlifeRefugeineasternRussiA.AnofficialoftheWorldWildlifeFundDarronsaidthiswasthethirdsuchkillingintheareainthepastfivesyears.MrCollinssaidthedeathofevenoneadultfemaleisahugelossfortheendangeredcatHenotedthatthekillingreducesthepossibilityforcubs幼兽oryoung.ItisnotclearhowmanyAmurleopardsstilllivefreE.OnepopulationcountwasperformedinFebruaryandMarch.WildlifeexpertDmitryPikuuovledthisstudy.Itfoundevidenceofseventoninemales.ThestudyidentifiedthreetosevenfemaleswithoutcubsFourleopardswereidentifiedasfemaleswithcubs.InallfiveorsixcubswererecordedSixtoeightanimalscouldnotbeidentifieD.MostofthelandwheretheAmurleopardoncelivedwasinChinA.Newroadsandclimatechangetherethreatenedtheanimals.Sodidhunterswhokillbigcatsfortheirbodyparts.Mr.PikuuovsaysadultAmursneedaboutfivehundredsquarekilometerswithgoodforeststosurvivE.HesaidtheyalsoneedalargeandcontinuingsupplyofanimalslikedeerforfooD.HebelievestheanswertosavingtheAmurleopardisforgovernmentstoprovideprotectedspacesforwildlifE.32.Thispassageisprobablyfrom.A.amagazineB.anewspaperreportC.aTVreportD.afilm33.Whyisthekillingofanadultfemaleahugeloss?A.ItcouldleadtothedeathofanadultmalE.B.ItmeansitcannotgivebirthtotheyounganymorE.C.11isworthmoremoneythanamalE.D.ThereisonlyoneadultfemaleintheworlD.34.ThenumberoftheAmurleopardsinChinaisbecomingsmallerbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.newroadsB.climatechangeC.humanhuntingD.rarediseases35.AccordingtotheexpertstheAmurleopards.A.arelivingonplantsB.arelivinginthezooC.arewellprotectedbypeopleD.areendangered

Wildlifefacesthreats威胁fromhabitatdestructionpollutionandotherhumanactions.Althoughprotectingwildlifemayseemtoohardattimesevensmallactionsinyourownneighbourhoodcanhelpprotectmanydifferentanimals.Herearesometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions.1.CreatewildlifefriendlyareasinyourbackyarD.Whentryingtomakeyourgardenmorebeautifulyoucanchooseplantsthatcanprovidefoodandsheltertonativewildlife.Thiswillalsohelpcutdownonpollution.Addbirdorbathousestoyouryardorgardentoattractandshelterthesespecies.2.Avoidharmingthenaturalecosystem生态系统inyourareA.SomeplantsfromotherplacescankillorharmnativeplantsthatprovidefoodandshelterforwildlifE.3.________________________________________________.Byusinglesswaterandfewerfuelsyouwillbehelpingtoprotectthewildlifearoundyou.Takebusesorthesubwaywhenyoucanturnoffelectricdeviceswhenyou’renotusingthemtakeshortershowerandkeepyourroomtemperatureatorbelow68degreesduringthewinter.4.BuyproductsthatarewildlifefriendlyDon’tbuyproductsthataremadefromendangeredanimals.Keepinmindthatsomeendangeredanimalsarekilledbytrapscatchesorhunterswhoareafterotherwildlifewithinthesamehabitat.5.Donatemoneyortimetoorganizationsthatprotectwildlifeandtheirhabitats.YoucangivemoneytoorganizationorgroupsthatprotectwildlifespeciesinyourneighbourhooD.21.Weinferthatthepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.telluswhyprotectingwildlifeisextremelyimportantnowB.suggestthatweprotectwildlifethroughactionsC.explainwhyprotectingwildlifeisnotashardaspeoplethink.D.giveussometipsonhowtoprotectwildlifethroughsmallactions22.WhichofthefollowingthreatstowildlifeisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.AnimaldiseasesB.LossofhabitatC.PollutionD.Hunters23.What’sthebesttitleforthethirdpoint?A.HaveagreenerlifestylE.B.Uselesswaterandfewerfuels.C.TakeabuswhenyougooutD.TryanewkindoflifE.24.Thewritersuggeststhatwe_________.A.notbuyproductsmadefromanimalsB.sharecarswithotherswhenwegooutC.growasmanykindsofplantsinourgardensaspossibleD.providesheltersforbirdsandbatsinourgardensoryards

PlanningfortheweatherNomatterwhattimeofyearyouvacationinSanDiegobesuretobringalightjacketorsweaterandbringshorts.Duringoursummermonthswehavewarmdaysbutcooleveningsespeciallyifyouareneartheocean.Thosecooleveningscanfeelcoldandfreshifyouarevisitingfromsomeplacethatistypicallyhotanddampallsummer.Andduringourwintermonthswecanhavedaysthatreach80degreesFahrenheit27degreesCelsius.InfactourwintermonthsarethesunniestmonthsoftheyearalongtheSanDiegocoast.HowtogetaroundSanDiegoDecidingwhetheryouneedtorentacarforyourvisittoSanDiego?IfyouareplanningtovisitattractionsinandarounddowntownSanDiegoincludingSeaWorldSanDiegoZooBalboaParkOldTownCoronadoandtheGaslampQuarteralloftheseattractionscanbereadilyaccessedbypublictransportationassumingthehotelorplaceyouarestayinginisclosetoabusortrolleystop.Tourguestscommentonhoweasyitistouseourtransportationsystemhowcleanitisandthelowcostforaone-dayormulti-daypassthatworksonbothbusesandtrolleys.HoweverifyouaregoingtovisitattractionsfurtherawayfromdowntownSanDiegosuchastheSafariParkorLegolandorifyouwanttovisitourlocalmountainsordesertwerecommendacarrental.HowtomaketimeforallthethingstodoOurfinaltipfornowistoplanaheaD.Unlikemostcitieswheretheremaybeafewconcentratedtouristareasandit’seasytofindthingsasyougoSanDiegooffershundredsofattractionsandgueststellustheyareoverwhelmedandcertainlydidn’tplanenoughtimeoncetheyfindhowmuchthereistodoinSanDiego.ManyguestsvisitSanDiegoaspartofanextendedtripthatincludesSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.TheyoftenplanfewerdaysinSanDiegobecausetheyassumeitisthesmallestcitywiththeleasttoofferonlytosaytheywishedtheyhadplannedmoredaysinSanDiegobecauseitoffersmorethingstodoinamuchmorerelaxingenvironment.Byplanningaheadyoucanalsogetdiscountsforvariousattractions.ForexampleyoucansavealotofmoneyatSeaWorldifyoubuyyourticketsinadvanceonlineatavisitorcenterorthroughyourhotel.AnotherreasontoplanaheadisthatsomeattractionscloseearlyorgetsoldoutsinceSanDiegoisabigdestinationformajorconventionsandbigcompaniesbringinginemployeesfromaroundtheworldforspecialeventsinbeautifulsunnySanDiego.46.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.BriefIntroductiontoSanDiegoB.TipsforVisitingSanDiegoC.AttractionsinandaroundSanDiegoD.ReasonsforVisitingSanDiego47.WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatinSanDiego.A.thesummermonthsarethesunniestoftheyearB.theweatherissuitableforatourallyearroundC.theweatheralongthecoastismostpleasantD.thewintermonthsaretypicallyverycold48.You’dbetterrentacarifyouaretovisit.A.theGaslampQuarterB.SanDiegoZooC.theSafariParkD.BalboaPark49.WhymaysomeguestsfeelregretfulwhentheyarriveinSanDiego?A.Becausetheycan’tfindcheapandfinehotelstostayin.B.BecausetherearefewertouristattractionsthanexpecteD.C.Becausethetransportationsystemthereisunsatisfactory.D.Becausetheyhaven’tplannedenoughtimetovisitthecity.

Ourplanetwasbornsomebillionsofyearsago.Eversincethisplanethasdevelopedithassurprisedushumanbeings.Nomatterhowmuchwehumanbeingshavedevelopedtechnologicallywecannotevercreatethiskindofnaturalplanet.Thehumanracecanonlydiscoversomeamazingfactsaboutit.LetusfindoutwhatsomeofthemarE.OnSeptember131922ElAziziaaplaceinLibyarecordedatemperatureof136degreesFahrenheit.Thiswasthehighesttemperatureevermeasured测量ontheplanetEarth.ThehighestwaterfallintheworldisAngelFallsinVenezuelawhichdropsfromanamazingheightof3212feet.ThewaterfalldropsovertheedgeofAuyantepuiintheCanaimaNationalPark.Thegravitationalpull万有引力oftheEarthcanbeescapedifsomeonemovesataspeedof6.95milesperseconD.AtsuchaspeedonecouldtravelfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiainjust20seconds.Iftheentirewaterintheworld’soceansevaporatedthesaltwegotfromtheseoceanscouldcovertheentireplanetwitha500-footdeeplayerofsalt.ThedeepestlakeonEarthisLakeBaikalinRussiA.LakeBaikalisthelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworldcontainingabout20%oftheworld’sunfrozensurfacefreshwater.TheAndesinSouthAmericaspreadsover4525miles.Thisisthelongestmountainrange山脉intheworlD.DidyouknowthatthebiggestvalleyintheworldistheGrandValleyinMesaCountyColoradoandGrandCountyUtah?Itisabout30miles48kmlongand5miles8kmwidealongtheColoradoRiver.TheamazingfactsabouttheeartharetoomanytobetoldcompletelyabovE.34.TheunderlinedwordevaporatedinParagraph2mostprobablymeans_____.A.becamesaltgraduallyB.becameclearslowlyC.changedintowarmerwaterD.changedintogasordisappeared35.Whereisthelongestmountainrangeintheworld?A.InRussiA.B.InLibyA.C.InSouthAmericA.D.AttheOregon-Idahoborder.36.Wecanlearnfromthispassagethat_____.A.LakeBaikalisthebiggestlakeintheworldB.thehighesttemperatureevermeasuredwas136℃C.theAngelFallsdropsfromaheightof3212metersD.oneendoftheGrandValleyisinColoradoandtheotherinUtah

WhilehomeworkinkindergartenrequirescoloringandlearningtheABC'sthehighschoolhomeworkloadhasbecomeincreasinglydifficultandtime-consuming.耗费时间的IthinkhomeworktakesalongtimetodoRossPerryGrade10saiD.Ithelpsyoulearnsometimesbutnotreallythatmuch.Istayupuntilmidnightdoinghomeworkandsometimesthereisnopointinevenstartingtodoit.HallieRojeskiajuniorhighteachertriesnottogiveherclasseshomeworkhopingnottodiscouragestudents.Itrytogiveminimal最小限度的homeworkbecausestudentsshouldbeplayingandtakingexercisemorethanworkinginsideallday.Studentsusuallydon'thavegoodstudyhabitswhentheycomeintothe7thand8thgradE.Iofferanecessaryafter-schoolassignment功课sotheywilllearnthem.Teenagersareencouragedtoget8-9hoursofsleepandparticipateinsportsorphysicalactivityoutsideschool.With2-3hoursofhomeworkitcanbedifficulttodoeverything.HomeworktakesdifferentamountsoftimebasedonwhatcoursesstudentstakE.IgivemySpanishstudentslittlebitsofhomeworkMelodyDownieaSpanishteachersaiD.Thatisaboutwhatwelearnedinclassbecauseforaforeignlanguageyouneedtodoworkthatreinforces巩固whatwelearn.Ihardlygivemyhistoryclasshomework.WhenstudentsdotheirhomeworktheyshouldbeinaquietareaHallieRojeskisaiD.Theyalsoneedtodoworkfor30minutesandthentakea10-minutebreakbecauseitishardforstudentstokeepfocusedforalongtimE.TheUniversityofMichiganfoundinarecentstudythattheamountofhomeworkhadincreasedby51%since1981.HarrisCooperatDukeUniversitysaysthatstudentswhodosmallamountsofhomeworkdobetterontheirtestsbutwhentheyexceed60-90minutesofhomeworkthetestscoresfall.HomeworkisgiventomotivatestudentstolearnPrincipalGarySchultzsaiD.Repeatingwhattheylearninschoolhelpsthemtorememberandlearnthingsfortests.Somekidsdonotneedhomeworktolearnbutmostdo.Ibelievepracticemakesperfect.21.AccordingtoRossPerrydoinghomework__________.A.isreallyawasteoftimeB.issometimesunnecessaryforstudentsC.isusuallyagreathelptostudentsD.isalwaysagoodwayoflearning22.ThereasonwhyHallieRojeskigivesherstudentsminimalhomeworkisthatshethinks______.A.toomuchhomeworkwillmakestudents'testscoresfallB.studentsshouldlearngoodstudyingandlivinghabitsC.littlebitsofhomeworkwillreinforcewhatstudentslearninclassD.itistoohardforstudentstofocusonschoolassignmentforalongtime23.Theunderlinedwordexceedcanbereplacedby________?A.finishB.doC.areagainstD.arebeyond24.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Studentsdonotlikedoingtoomuchhomework.B.Properamountsofhomeworkarenecessary.C.Studentsdonotneedtodoafter-schoolhomework.D.Morehomeworkshouldbegiventomotivatestudents.

Whileastronautsinspacegettodomanyexcitingthingstheymissoutonordinarythingsthatwealltakeforgranted—beingabletowalkonfirmgroundhangingoutwithfamilyanddiggingintoasliceofhotsteamingpizzA.Thoughnotmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirsttwothingstheremaysoonbeasolutiontothethirdonethankstothiscool3-Dpizzaprinter!AboutayearagoNASAoffered$125000toAnjanContractora3-DtechnologyexperttobuildadevicethatwouldallowastronautstomakepizzaondemanD.Themechanicalengineerpromisedthathisinventionwouldproducepiesinlargequantitiesthatlookedtastedandevensmelledlikepizzamadeincommonovens.Latelastyeartheengineerpresentedavideoofhisfirstprototype原型thatbeginsbycreatingasinglesliceofdough面团thatiscookedandprintedatthesametimE.Thencomesthetomatosauce—amixoftomatopowderoilandwaterandfinallyaproteinslicethatresemblescheesE.Whilethevideodoesn’tshowthebakingprocesstheinventorsaysthatoncethepizzaisprinteditcanbereadytobeconsumed消耗in7seconds.WhilethepieinthevideolooksdeliciousenoughtoattractanypizzaloverAnjanContractorisfarfromreadyforastronauts.That’sbecausehestillhastofindasolutiontomakethefoodcontainerintheprinterlastfor30years.Thoughthatmaysoundunrealisticactuallyitisnot.AnjanContractorbelievesthattheonlywaythatispossibleisthatthewaterisremovedfromalltheingredientsandthentheyarereducedtothepowderform.Thisasyoucanimaginewillnotbesoeasy.Butwhiletheprintermaynotbereadyforspaceitcertainlylooksreadyenoughforpeopleonearth.HopefullyNASAandContractorwillconsidersellingittothosenotfortunateenoughtogotoMars!24.Whydoestheauthormentionthethingsthatastronautsinspacecannotdo?A.ToaskusnottotakecommonthingsforgranteD.B.ToshowtheyliveadifficultlifetherE.C.ToshowtheirlifeisboringinspacE.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.25.NASAoffered$125000toAnjanContractormainlyto________.ziyuanku.comA.createsomenewtypeof3-DprinterB.attractmorecompaniestoworkforNASAC.helpastronautsinspaceenjoyfreshpizzaonedayD.producepizzainlargequantitiestoearngreatprofits26.ThebiggestchallengethatAnjanContractorisfacedwithnowisprobablythat________.A.hehasnomoneylefttogoonwithhisresearchB.thepizzadoesn’tseemappetizingtopizzaloversC.hehasnowaytomakepizzathatcanlastforthirtyyearsD.hecannotmakethefoodcontainerlastfordecades27.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.NASAistryingitsbesttohelpastronautseatbetterB.AstronautsmaysoonbeabletoenjoysteaminghotpizzaC.NASAisworkingonmakingpizzaforcommonpeopleD.A.3-Dpizzaprinterhasbeenusedtomakepizza

A.treasuretrovehiddenforcenturieshasbeendiscoveredintheundergroundvaults墓穴ofatempleinsouthernIndiA.Thetreasuresincludegolddiamondsandpreciousstones.Theestimatedvalueofthehoardisreportedly22billionUSdollars.HundredsofarmedpolicehavebeendeployedaroundthetemplE.Meanwhileadebateabouthowtousethemoneyhasalsobrokenoutacrossthecountry.AfterdiscoveringthetreasuretroveinSriPadmanabhaswamyTempleinthesouthernIndianstateofKeralathelocalgovernmenthasassuredsecurityofthetemplE.Elaborating详述onthesecurityarrangementsVenugopalanNairAdditionalDirectorGeneraloftheKeralaPolicesaysthelatestsecuritydevicesarebeingusedtoguardthetemplE.VenugopalanNairAdditionalDir.Gen.ofKeralaPolicesaidWearetryingtobringinthelatesttechnologywithregardstosurveillance监视cameraswithregardstoyouknowdigitalizingthevariousthingswhichareavailableinsidE.WearekeepingaconstantsortofsurveillanceforeverymovementwhichhappensinthewholeareasurroundingthetemplE.AccordingtotempleauthoritiesthecrowdatthetemplehasincreasedsteeplyafternewsofthediscoveryofthetreasuretrovE.AndtheAdministrativeOfficeroftheTemplesaysthegovernmenthasinitiatedappropriatestepstocontrolthecuriouscrowdsvisitingthetemplE.G.JayasekharanNairadministrativeofficersaidTocontrolthecrowdsthegovernmentitselfistakingalotofmeasures.Theyaretryingtodowhateverispossiblefromthepremises房屋ofthetemplE.Apartfromallthatthegovernmenthastakenafavorablestepandwearesatisfiedwiththem.Overthelastweekaseven-memberteamofinvestigatorsbrokeintofivesecretsubterraneanvaultsanddiscoveredjewelsthathavebeenlyinguntouchedforhundredsofyears.Asestimatesofthetreasures'worthriseafiercedebateisgrowingregardingwhattodowiththediscovery.Kerala'stopelectedleadersaidthewealthwouldremainwiththetemplewhileotherssayitshouldbeusedtopayforpovertyalleviation扶贫.HoweverthegovernmentisstandingfortheSupremeCourt'srulingonownershipofthetreasurefoundinthetemplE.33.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thetreasuresincludegolddiamondsandsomeoldcoins.B.ThetreasuretrovehasbeenlyingunknownforhundredsofyearsbeforeitisdiscovereD.C.ThelocalpeopleareverycuriousaboutthetreasureandthetemplE.D.Thewholeareasurroundingthetempleisunderclosewatch.34.WhatG.JayasekharanNairsaidmeansthat.A.whatthegovernmentdoesmeanslittleB.thecrowdwillmaketroublewithoutpropercontrolC.moreeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenD.thetempleisofgreatvalue35.Howwillthegovernmentdealwiththetreasurementionedinthepassage?A.Itwillbeusedtopayforpovertyalleviation.B.Itwillbereturnedtoitsowner.C.Itwillbekeptinthevaults.D.Ithasn’tbeendecidedyet.

Whydomendieearlierthanwomen?Thelatestresearchmakesitknownthatthereasoncouldbethatmen’sheartsgointorapiddecline衰退whentheyreachmiddleagE.Thelargeststudyoftheeffectsofageingonthehearthasfoundthatwomen’slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartshardlylosetheirpumpingpower供血动力withagE.Wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20---25percentbetween18and70yearsofagesaidtheheadofthestudyDavidGoldspinkofLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversityintheUK.Withinthehearttherearemillionsofcells细胞thatenableittobeat.Betweentheageof20and70one-thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmensaidGoldspink.Thisispartoftheageingprocess衰老过程.Whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittleloss损失ofthesecells.A.healthy70-year-oldwoman’sheartcouldperformalmostaswellasa20-year-oldone’s.Thisgender性别differencemightjustexplainwhywomenlivelongerthanmensaidGoldspink.Theystudiedmorethan250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof18and80concentratingonhealthypersonstoremovetheconfusinginfluenceofdiseasE.TheteamwillhavetofindwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemaleheartsaidGoldspink.ThegoodnewsisthatmencanimprovethehealthoftheirheartwithregularexercisE.Goldspinkstressed强调thatwomenalsoneedregularexercisetopreventtheirlegmuscles肌肉becomingsmallerandweakerastheyagE.29.Theunderlinedwordlongevityinthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto_________.A.longlifeB.healthC.effectD.ageing30.AccordingtothetexttheUKscientistshaveknownthat_________.A.thefemaleheartlosesfewofthecellswithageB.womencanreplacethecellsthatenablethehearttobeatC.womenhavemorecellsthanmenwhentheyarebornD.womenneverlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage31.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat_______.A.thereasonwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemalehearthasbeenfoundoutB.theteamhasdonesomethingtopreventthemalefromsufferingthegreaterlossC.womenover70couldlosemoreheartcellsthanthoseattheageof20D.scientistsareonthewaytofindingoutwhythemaleheartlosesmoreofthecells

HankViscardiwasbornwithoutlegs.Hehad—notlegsbutstumps残肢thatcouldhefittedwithakindofspecialbootsPeoplestaredathimwithcruelinterest.Childrenlaughedathimandcalledhim‘ApeMan’猿人becausehisarmspracticallydraggedonthegrounD.Hankwenttoschoollikeotherboys.HisgradesweregoodandheneededonlyeightyearstofinishhisschoolinginsteadoftheusualtwelvE.AftergraduatingfromschoolheworkedhiswaythroughcollegE.Hesweptfloorswaitedontableorworkedinoneofthecollegeoffices.Duringallthisbusylifehehadbeenmovingaroundonhisstumps.Butonedaythedoctortoldhimeventhestumpswerenotgoingtolastmuchlonger.Hewouldsoonhavetouseawheelchair.Hankfelthimselfgotcoldallover.Howeverthedoctorsaidtherewasachancethathecouldbefittedwithartificiallegs假腿.FinallyalegmakerwasfoundandthedaycamewhenHankstoodupbeforethemirrorForthefirsttimehesawhimselfashehasalwayswantedtobe——afullfivefeeteightinchestall.Bythistimehewasalready26yearsolD.Hankhadtolearntousehisnewlegs.Againandagainhemarchedthelengthoftheroomandmarchedbackagain.Thereweretimeswhenhefelldownonthefloorbuthepulledhimselfupandwentbacktotheendlessmarching.Hewentoutonthestreet.HeclimbedstairsandlearnedtodancE.Hebuiltaboatandlearnedtosailit.WhenWorldWarIIcamehetalkedtheRedCrossintogivinghimajoB.Hetooktheregulartraining.hemarchedanddrilledalongwiththeothersoldiers.Fewknewthathewaslegless.ThiswasthetruestoryofHankViscardiamanwithoutlegs.21.ChildrenlaughedatHankandcalledhim‘ApeMan’because______.A.hedidn’ttalktothemB.hekeptawayfromthemC.hisarmstouchedthegroundwhenhemovedD.hecouldn’tusehisarms22.Itcanbeinferredfromthestorythatfivefeeteightinchestallis______.A.anaverageheightforafullygrownpersonB.tootallforanaveragepersonC.tooshortforanaveragepersonD.noneoftheabove23.ThesentencehetalkedtheRedCrossintogivinghimajobimpliesthattheRedCross_____.A.wasonlygladtogivehimajobB.gavehimajobbecausehewasagoodsoldierC.gavehimajobafterhetalkedtosomeonewhomheknewintheorganizationD.wasnotwillingtogivehimajobatfirst24.WhenHankmarchedanddrilledalongwiththeothersoldiershe______.A.dideverythingtheothersoldiersdidB.didmostofthethingstheothersoldiersdidC.didsomeofthethingstheothersoldiersdidD.tooksomespecialtraining

Lastnight’smeteor流星showerleftmanypeopleinthecommunitydissatisfiedanddemandinganswers.AccordingtoGabeRothsclildEmeraldValley’smayorpeoplegatheredinthesuburbsofthecitycarryingheavytelescopesexpectingtowatchthebrightlyburningmeteorspassingthroughthesky.Whattheyfoundinsteadwasaskysobrightenedbythecity’slightsthatitdarkenedthelightofthemeteorspassingoverheaD.MyfamilywassofrustratedadmittedtownresidentDuaneCosbyWewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyoutingbutitturnedouttobeahugedisappointment.Astronomers—scientistswhostudystarsandplanets—havebeencomplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades.Theysaythatlightpollutionpreventsthemfromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.Theycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstit.Thereisyetapopulationbesidesprofessionalandamateurstarobserversthatsuffersevenmorefromlightpollution.ThispopulationconsistsofbirdsbatsfrogssnakesetC.Forexampleoutdoorlightingseverelyaffectsmigrating迁徙的birds.AccordingtotheInternationalDark-SkyAssociation.100millionbirdsayearthroughoutNorthAmericadieincrasheswithlightedbuildingsandtowers.Countlessmoreanimalscasualties伤亡resultfromtheuseofartificiallighting.Clearlypeopleenjoythebenefitsoflightingtheireveningsbutsomescientiststhinkitcanbeharmfulforhumanstoo.Theyworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseperson’schancesofgettingcancer.EmeraldValleyisonlyonecommunitythatisbecomingawareofthenegativeeffectsoflightpollution.ForyearsFlagstaffArizonahasenforcedlightingregulationsinitscityinordertoassistastronomersattheLowellObservatory.Similareffortshavebeenmadeworldwideandamovementisunderwaytoremindustoturnofflightswhenwearenotusingthemsothatothercreaturescansharethenight.32.Whatdotheastronomerscomplainabout?A.MeteorshowersoccurlessoftenthanbeforE.B.Theirobservationequipmentisinpoorrepair.C.Lightpollutionhasremainedunsolvedforyears.D.Theireyesightisfailingduetoartificiallighting.33.WhatistheauthorconcernedaboutaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Birdsmaytakeothermigrationpaths.B.Animals’livinghabitsmaychangesuddenly.C.VarietiesofanimalswillbecomesharplyreduceD.D.Animals’survivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting.34.LightingregulationsinFlagstaffArizonaareputintoeffectto______.A.lessenthechanceofgettingcancerB.createanidealobservationconditionC.ensurecitizensagoodsleepatnightD.enableallcreaturestoliveinharmony35.Whatmessagedoestheauthormostwanttogiveus?A.Savingwildlifeissavingourselves.B.Greateffortsshouldbemadetosaveenergy.C.Humanactivitiesshouldbeenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Newequipmentshouldbeintroducedforspacestudy.

Doctorsinhospitalemergencyroomsoftenseeaccidentalpoisonings中毒.A.frightenedparentarriveswithachildwhoswallowedacleaningliquiD.OrperhapstheharmfulsubstanceisamedicinE.Oritmightbeachemicalproductmeanttokillinsects.Thesearecommoncausesofaccidentalpoisoning.IncaseslikethislookformedicalhelpassoonaspossiblE.Savethecontainerofwhatevercausedthepoisoning.Andlookonthecontainerforinformationaboutanythingthatstopstheeffectsofthepoison.Saveanythingexpelled被强迫排除fromthemouthofthevictim.Thatwaydoctorscanexamineit.Inthepastsomepeopleforcedpoisoningvictimstoemptythestomach.Theyusedaliquidsyrupofipecac催呕剂todothis.Butanorganizationofchildren’sdoctorsnolongeradvisesparentstokeepsyrupofipecaC.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricssayssomepoisonscancauseadditionaldamagewhentheycomebackupthethroat.Millionsofpeopleknowawaytosaveapersonwhoischokingonsomethingtrappedinthethroat.ThemethodiscommonlyknownastheHeimlichManeuverorabdominalthrusts.TheAmericanRedCrosssaysarescuershouldfirsthitthepersononthebackfivetimesbetweentheshoulderbones.Thesebackblowsmayeasethechoking.IftheairwayisstillblockedtheRedCrosssuggestspushinghardfivetimesalongthevictim’sabdomen.Theabdomenistheareabetweenthechestandthehip臀bones.25.Savethecontainerofwhatevercausedthepoisoningto____.A.lookforharmfulinformationB.lookonitC.useittobreakthepoisonD.lookformedicalhelp26.Whyareparentsadvisednottokeepsyrupofipecac?A.Tokeepthestomachempty.B.ToavoidmoredamagE.C.TokeepsyrupofipecacsafE.D.Tokeepthestomachfull.27.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphistotellusabout_____.A.awaytopreventapersonfromchoking.B.theabdominalthrustsC.awaytocurechokingD.theabdomen28.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LearningthebasicsoffirstaidB.AccidentalpoisoningsC.CommoncausesofaccidentalpoisoningD.Poisoningsandfirstaid

AyoungmannamedCharlesLyellhaddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology地质学.TheearthaccordingtoLyellwasnotonlythousandsofyearsolditwasmillionsofyearsolD.Asto关于thecommonbeliefthatchangesintheearth’ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorfloodhesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhilebutusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.HebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftimE.Thechangeshesaidwerecausedbythelong-termactionofthewindsandseasandbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth’ssurfacE.OnceinagreatwhilehethoughtamountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquakE.Butusuallymountainswouldriseslowlyandsteadily.ProfessorHenslowwasinterestedinLyell’sideasbuthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarwincouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.ButtheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleallovertheworlD.7AtCambridgeCharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexaminationandreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistimehehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology.AttheendoftheschoolyearhewenttoNorthWaleswithoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformations构成andtosearchforfossils化石.Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings.Theyareusuallyfoundfixedinrocksintheearth’scrust地壳.Fossilsmaybeofanimalssuchasfishinsectsbirdsorhumans.Theymaybeofplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturediesitusuallydecays腐烂oriseatenbyanimals.Howeverifitsinksintoariverbed河床orisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstormthebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappearleavingtheinsidehollow空的.Watercontainingmineralentersintothehollow.SlowlythemineralhardensandmakesthebonehardandheavylikestonE.1.AccordingtoCharlesLyellitismainlythattheearthhasbeenformedliketoday’sshapE.A.fromthebeginningoftimeB.pastsomeexperiencesofbigfloodC.overaverylongperiodofyearsD.becauseofseveralbigearthquakes2.CharlesLyellbelievedthefactthatamountainisformed.A.morebyseasthanbyvolcanoesB.moreslowlythansuddenlyC.morebyanearthquakethanbywindsD.moresteadilythanquickly3.ThemainpurposeofDarwin’sgoingtoNorthWaleswasto.A.makeastudyoffossilsB.appreciatetherockinformationC.todoresearchworkintodeadanimalsD.lookforplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees4.Inwhichorderarefossilsformed?A.A.livingthingsinksintoariverbedorsands.B.Watergoesintoabonehollowtogetherwithmineral.C.Somethingsoftinabonedisappears.D.ThehardenedmineralmakestheboneharD.E.ThebonebecomeshollowinsidE.A.abcdeB.cabedC.acebdD.ecdba

AftertheexaminationthedoctortoldmyparentsmysightwouldgetworseandthatIwouldlosemysightfinally.OnthewayhomefromhospitalnoonesaidaworD.OnedaywouldIonlyimaginethescenerybeyondtheglassratherthanseeit?ThatSeptemberIenteredmiddleschool.MostnightsIhadhomeworkthatincludedanarmfulofbookstoreaD.TokeepupwithotherchildrenItookgreattroubletofinishthetask.WithmynoseacoupleofinchesfromthepageIwastiredeasily.What’sworseafterIhadreadseveralpagesonmyownthewordsslippedoffthepageintoinkypools.HoweverthenIdidnothaveaudiobooksandelectronicdeviceslikekidsdonow.InsteadMomvolunteeredtoreadoutlouD.Momworkedpart-timecleanedthehousecookedandspenttimewithGrandmA.Inspiteofbeingsobusysheshowedupinmyroomlikeclockwork.Sheputonherreadingglasses.MomalwaysthoughtthoseglassesmadeherlookolD.Tomeshelookedlikeateacher.InmyroomMom’svoiceracedwiththetickingoftheclock.BeingforcedtofocusonlisteningIfoundawaytokeepmymarksupandcompetewiththeotherkids.WhentheteacheraskedaquestionIraisedmyhandwithconfidencE.Teacherspraisedmeforhavingagoodmemory.Readingremovedmyfearformyfailingsightreadingalsomademecuriousaboutotherpeople’schallengesandhowtheymanageD.ThoughIcouldnotusemyeyestofixoneachpassagemymindlitupwitheverynewbook.TruetowhatthedoctorsaidtheworstcamebutthankstoMommysenseofhearingnowallowsmetosee.ThiswasthemostpreciousgiftfromamothertoherchilD.【小题1】Whydidtheauthorandhisparentskeepsilentontheirwaybackhomefromhospital?A.Theyallwantedtohaveagoodrest.B.Theauthordidn’tdowellintheexam.C.WhatthedoctorsaidmadethemworrieD.D.TheyfocusedonthesceneryalongtheroaD.【小题2】Howdidtheauthormanagetogethighmarks?A.Bybeingconfident.B.Bylisteningcarefully.C.Bygettinghelpfromhisclassmates.D.ByreadingasmanybooksaspossiblE.【小题3】Wecanlearnfromthetextthat____________.A.theauthor’ssightrecoveredfinallyB.readingmadetheauthormoresensitiveC.theauthor’smotherdidn’tworktolookafterhimD.readingmadetheauthornotworryabouthissight【小题4】Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.MyeyesighttroubleB.AnunforgettableexperienceC.WithearswideopenD.AboutMother’slove

bambooisoneofthenature’smostsurprisingplants.Manypeoplecallthisplantatreebutitisakindofgrass.Likeotherkindsofgrassabambooplantmaybecutverylowtothegroundbutitwillgrowbackveryquickly.A.Japanesescientistrecordedonebambooplantthatgrewalmost1.5metersin24hours!BamboogrowsalmosteverywhereintheworldexceptEuropE.Therearemorethan1000kindsofbamboothatgrowaroundtheworldonbothmountainsandplains.NotallbamboolooksthesamE.Somebambooplantsareverythin.Theymayonlygrowtobeafewcentimeterswidewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross.Thisplantalsocomesindifferentcolorsfromyellowtoblacktogreen.ManyAsiancountrieshavebeenusingbambooforhundredsofyears.Theyoftenusebambooforbuildingnewbuildings.AsamatteroffactthecablesthatholdupthehangingbridgeacrosstheMinRiverinSichuanaremadeofbamboo.Thebridgehasbeeninuseformorethan1000yearsandisstillholdingstrong.InAfricaengineersareteachingpoorfarmershowtofindwaterusingbamboo.TheseAfricancountriesneedcheapwaystofindwaterbecausetheyhavenomoneyandtheirfieldsoftendiefromnorainandnowater.ItseemsthatbambooisoneofthebestthingstheycanusE.BamboopipesanddrillscanhelptomakethepoorthirstyfieldstobewatereD.1.Howisbamboolikegrass?A.Itisthinandeasytocut.B.ItgrowseverywherE.C.Itisshortandgreen.D.Itgrowsquicklyafterit'scutshort.2.Thesentencewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross.meansSomeotherbambooplantsmaygrowtobevery_______.A.shortB.strongC.thickD.tall3.Fromthetextweknow______.A.mostpeoplecallbambooplanttreesB.thebambooplantchangesitscolorswhenitgrowsC.abambooplantmaygrow4.5metersinthreedaysD.abridgeheldbybamboocablewasbuiltthousandsofyearsago4.WhydidtheengineersteachthepoorfarmersinAfricatomakeuseofbamboo?A.BecauseitisusedbyAsians.B.Becauseitiscolorful.C.Becauseitdrillsfast.D.Becauseitischeap.

Somepeoplearepessimistic悲观的whentheythinkaboutthefuturE.Theysaythatahundredyearsfromnowwewillhaveusedmostoftheearth'sresources.Wewillhavepollutedourseasbadlyandbeunabletoeatfishfromthem.Wewillhavemadetheairsodirtythatwewillneedtowearmasks.Theworld'spopulationwillhavedoubledandwewillhaveusedallthecountrysideforhousing;therewillbenofarmlandleft.OtherpeoplebelievethatManadaptsveryeasily.TheyhaveadifferentideaofthefuturE.Howintheirviewswillpeoplebelivinginahundredyears'time?OnearchitectbelievesthatManwillmoveoffthelanD.Hesuggeststhatthecityofthefuturewillbeahugepyramid­shapedbuildingwhichwillbefloatingonthesurfaceoftheseA.About5000familieswillbelivingthereandthebuildingwillcontainshopsandschoolsaswellashomes.Bylivingontheseawewillgivethefarmersmorelandtogrowcrops.Asforoilpeoplewillnolongerneedit:wewillbeheatingourhomeswithpowerfromthesun.Andwewillnotbeshortofmineralsbecausethereareplentyunderouroceans.Atthemomentwedonothavethetechnologytogetthemout.Butinahundredyears'timetheoptimistssaythenewseacitieswillbeusingtheseresources.Whatwillbeintheshopsintheyear3000?Whatwillpeoplebewearing?Howwillpeoplebetraveling?Scientistswhomakepredictionsaboutthefuturesuggestthatbytheyear3000shopswillnolongerexist.Computerswillhavereplacesthem;andpeoplewillordergoodsfromhomE.Peoplewillbewearingverylightthinclothes.Bythistimescientistswillhaveinventedafabricthatkeepsuscoolinhotweatherandwarmincoldweather.Asfortraveltheexpertssaythatmostpeoplewillbeusingpublictransport.Electriccarswillbetravelingthroughthestreetsdayandnight.Anybodywillbeabletostoponeanduseit.AninterestingpicturE.UnfortunatelywewillnotbetheretoseeifthesepredictionscometruE.29.Pessimistsbelievethatinthefuture________.A.theseasandoceanswillbefullofhousesB.we'llhaveusedupalltheresourcesC.wewillnothaveenoughfishtoeatfromtheseasD.wewillhavepollutedtheairsobadlythatitwillbeimpossibleforustobreathe30.Optimistssuggestthat________.A.allthelandwillbetoopollutedtobecroppedonB.pyramidswillbethemostcommonly­usedhousesC.peoplewillbeusingthepowerfromthesuninsteadofoilD.wewillbeshortofmaterialseventhoughwegetthemfromundertheoceans31.ScientistshavemadethepredictionsEXCEPT________.A.electriccarswillbegoingalongthestreetscontinuouslyB.theresourcesundertheoceanswillneverbeusedupC.peoplewillorderfromhomeD.peoplewon'tsufferfromcoldanylonger

Parentswilldoanythingfortheirchildren.Whetheritwouldbethefoodclothesortheplacetheyliveparentswillalwaysmakesuretheirchildrenhavethebestofeverything.Oneofthebiggestconcernsthatparentscurrentlyhaveiseducatingtheirchildren.Theyarefacedwithlotsofdifficultieswhenitcomestoeducationfortheiryoungones.Choicesincludeprivateschoolcharterschool特许学校publicschoolorhomeschooling.Fortunatelyforparentsthereareavarietyofdifferentstrategiesthataparentcantakeinordertoincreasetheirchild'sskillsandoverallintelligencE.AccordingtoRossA.ThompsonPhDprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavisachild'sbrainwillactuallyreach90%ofitsfullsizebythetimetheystartkindergarten.ResearchersatNorthwesternUniversityinChicagoconcludedthatplayingamusicalinstrumentdirectlyaffectedthebrainstem脑干thelowersectionofthebrain.Moreoverchildrenthatlearnaninstrumentatanearlyagetendtocontinueitwhentheyareolder.Andnumerousstudiesshowthatawellbalancedmealisessentialforachild'smentalandphysicalhealth.ItisrecommendedthatparentsteachtheirchildrentwolanguagesatoncE.Researchsuggeststhatasecondlanguageshouldbetaughtwhenchildrenareinpreschool.OtherstudiesstatethatthreetofouryearsofageistheperfecttimE.ClearlyanyageunderfourwouldworkperfectlyfineforachilD.TheaveragechildwilllearnhowtoreadbetweenkindergartenandsecondgradE.Manyparentscangivetheirchildrenajumpstartbyteachingthemtoreadbeforetheystartschool.Childrencouldhaveanadequatebackgroundofthealphabetandsoundsofwordsbeforeattendingschool.Thiscanbedonebysimplyreadingtothemwheneveryouwant.ThemorecomfortabletheygettheeasiertheprocesswillbE.28.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat_____________.A.parentsfindithardtosatisfytheirkids'variousdemandsB.parentsmeetanewchallengewhenraisingtheirkidsC.parentshavemorechoicesinofferingeducationtotheirkidsD.parentsgetactivelyinvolvedintheprocessoftheirkids'growth29.Whatsuggestionmaytheresearchersinthepassagemake?A.TotrainkidsasearlyaspossiblE.B.TotryasmanymeansaspossiblE.C.TohelpkidsdevelopasfullyaspossiblE.D.TouseasmanyavailableresourcesaspossiblE.30.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlydiscussabout?A.Thepropertimetoteachchildrentolearnlanguages.B.Theeffectivewaystohelpdevelopchildren'sbrains.C.Thevitalfactorstohaveagreateffectonchildren'shealth.D.Thepracticalstepstoarousechildren’sinterestinstudy.31.Wecanreplacethewordsjumpstartinthelastparagraphwith____________.A.inspirationB.introductionC.suggestionD.promotion

Nuclearpower's核能的dangertohealthsafetyandevenlifeitselfcanbedescribedinoneword;radiation辐射.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutitpartlybecauseitcannotbedetected探测byhumansenses.Itcan'tbeseenorheardortouchedortastedeventhoughitmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.Forexampleradiowavesareallaroundusbutwecan'tdetectthemsensethemwithoutaradioreceiver.Similarlywecan'tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowavesnuclearradiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Atveryhighlevelsradiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingoutrightbykillingmassesofcells细胞inimportantorgans器官.ButeventhelowestlevelscandoseriousdamagE.ThereisnolevelofradiationthatiscompletelysafE.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportantthedamagemaynotbesignificant.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehitandiftheyarekilledoutright.Yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.ButifthefewcellsareonlydamagedandiftheyreproducethemselvesyoumaybeintroublE.Theyreproducethemselvesinanunusualway.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimesthisdoesnotshowupformanyyears.Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryaboutnuclearradiation.SeriousdamagecanbedonewithouttheknowledgeofthepersonatthetimethatdamagehasoccurreD.A.personcanbeirradiated放射治疗andfeelfinethendieofcancerfivetenortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebornweakoreasytogetseriousillnessasaresultofradiationabsorbedbyitsgrandparents.Radiationcanhurtus.Wemustknowthetruth.21.Accordingtothepassagethedangerofnuclearpowerliesin__________.A.nuclearmysteryB.radiationdetectionC.radiationlevelD.nuclearradiation22.Radiationcanleadtoseriousresultsevenatthelowestlevel________.A.whenitkillsfewcellsB.ifitdamagesfewcellsC.thoughthedamagedcellscanrepairthemselvesD.unlessthedamagedcellscanreproducethemselves23.Radiationcanhurtusinthewaythatitcan_____.A.killlargenumbersofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediatelyB.damagecellswhichmaygrowintocanceryearslaterC.affectthehealthygrowthofouryoungergenerationD.leadtoalloftheaboveresults24.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestinferredfromthepassage?A.Theimportanceofprotectionfromradiationcannotbeoveremphasized过分强调.B.ThemysteryaboutradiationremainsunsolveD.C.Cancerismainlycausedbyradiation.D.Radiationcanhurtthosewhodonotknowaboutitsdanger.

Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops.Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility清晰度.Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.ResearchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotesmindlesslybytalkingdownwordwhichtheprofessorssaiD.Inthefirstexperimentstudentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalktheywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.TheresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhanD.Howeverthetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.Theresearchers'reportsaidWhilemorenotesarebeneficialifthenotesaretakenmindlesslyasismorelikelythecaseonalaptopthebenefitdisappears.Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemorystudentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecturE.Thistimethestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.ThesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstandingbutthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuturE.28.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-takingbecausetheycan______.A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetterC.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturebetter29.Whiletakingnoteslaptopuserstendtobe______.A.skillfulB.tirelessC.thoughtfulD.mindless30.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto______.A.examinetheimportanceoflong-termmemoryB.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhandC.explaintheprocessoftakingnotesD.promotetheuseoflaptops31.Thepassageislikelytoappearin_______.A.afinancereportB.acomputertextbookC.asciencemagazineD.anewspaperadvertisement

ImagineclearingleavesonChristmasorsweeponMemorialDay.WhataboutgoingforaswimonThanksgiving?WithoutLeapDay闰日whichtakesplaceeveryfouryearsitcouldhappen.Ourcalendar日历isnormally365dayslong.Itwascreatedtomatchthecyclesoftheseasons.ButRomanDictatorJuliusCaesarnoticedaproblem:theEarthdoesn’tcirclethesuninexactly365days.Itactuallytakes365andone-quarterdays.HefiguredoutthattheextrapartofadaywouldcausethecalendartogrowapartfromtheseasonsovertimE.Over100yearstheseasonswouldshiftabout24days.SpringwouldstartonApril13insteadofMarch20.Caesarusedmathtofigureoutawaytostopthecalendarfromshifting.HedecidedtoaddanextradaytothemonthofFebruaryeveryfouryears.Hisideahelpedkeeptheseasonsandcalendarmatchedup.Evensoitstillwasn’tperfect—hiscalendarwasaddingtoomanydays.In1582PopeGregoryXIIIworkedonCaesar’sideA.HiscalendarcalledtheGregoriancalendardictatesthateveryyearevenlydividedby400isaleapyear.Thesecomplicatedequations方程式helpkeepthecalendarinbalancewiththeorbitoftheEarth.TodaywestillusetheGregoriancalendar.Inabout3000yearsthecalendarwillbeonlyonedayoutofstepwiththeseasons.It’sstillnotperfectbutmathematiciansdecideditwasascloseaswecouldget.SowhathappenswhensomeoneisbornonLeapDay?Dothesepeoplecelebratetheirbirthdayeachyearordotheyinsteadhavetowaitfouryearstoage?HowrareisaLeapDaybirthday?ThechanceofsomeonebeingbornonaLeapDayis1outof1461.BabiesbornonFebruary29aresometimesknownasleapers.HowwillyoucelebrateLeapDay?28.WhatcouldhappenwithoutLeapDay?A.SpringwouldstartlaterthanMarch20B.Ourcalendaris365dayslongeveryyearC.A.daywouldbeleftovertothenextyearD.Seasonswouldstaythesameeveryyear29.Whichofthefollowingwillbealeapyear?A.2040B.2100C.2200D.240030.WestillusetheGregoriancalendarbecause_________.A.itisaperfectcalendarB.itisinbalancewiththeorbitoftheEarthC.itisaccuratetoshowthebirthdayofpeopleD.itisPopeGregoryXIIIthatcreatedthecalendar31.A.LeapDaybirthdayismentionedinthelastparagraphtoshow_______.A.thefunofLeapDayB.theusesofLeapDayC.therarenessofLeapDayD.theoriginofLeapDay

D.AIdoesbetterthanhumansinsightandbalancE.Whoissmarter?A.humanbeingorartificialintelligence人工智能?ThequestionswepttheworldlastyearwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayerSouthKoreanLeeSe-del4-1.Sowhatcomesnext?SomepeoplehavebeenarguingthatartificialintelligenceorAIinshortwillbeabadthingforhumans.InaninterviewwiththeBBCin2014UKscientistStephenHawkingwarnedthatthedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldmeantheendofthehumanracE.SoarewereallyabouttoliveintheworldshownintheTerminatormovies?NotquiteansweredTheEconomist.Afterallit’snothardtogetacomputerprogramtorememberandproducefacts.Whatishardisgettingcomputerstousetheirknowledgeineverydaysituations.Wethinkthatforthehumanbeingthingslikesightandbalance视觉平衡arenaturalandordinaryinourlifE.ThomasEdisonfounderofMotionFiguresacompanythatisbringingAItoboystoldthenewspaper.Butforarobottowalkupanddownjustlikehumanbeingsrequiresvariousdecisionstobemadeeverysecondandit’sreallydifficulttodo.AsTheEconomistputitWehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcantrulybegintobesimilartothehumanbraineventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.MeanwhileJohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimessaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemoreeffectivE.OurfateisinourownhandshewrotE.SincetechnologydependsonthevaluesofitscreatorswecanmakehumanchoicesthatusetechnologytoimprovetheworlD.28.Whatwastheresultofthematch?A.LeeSe-delwonAlphaGo4-1.B.LeeSe-delwasdefeateD.C.GoogleprogrambeatAlphaGo.D.Neithersidewonthematch.29.WhatdoesThomasEdisonpossiblymeaninhisremarks?A.It’sveryhardforAItobeatthehumanbrain.B.AIwouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.C.AIcanmakevariousdecisionsquickly.D.AIdoesbetterthanhumansinsightandbalancE.30.WhobelievesmuchhastobedonetoimproveAI?A.StephenHawking.B.JohnMarkoff.C.TheNewYorkTimes.D.TheEconomist.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphimply?A.AIwillimprovetheworldcompletely.B.AIisinthecontrolofhumanbeings.C.AImaybringdisasterstohumanbeings.D.AIwillmakeourfutureoutofcontrol.

Astudynowlendssupporttotheideathatmeal-timedistractions分散注意canmaskthecluesthatwereallyhaveeatenquiteenough.Moreoveritfindsthecaloricconsequenceofnotpayingattentiontowhatwe’reeatingdoesn’tnecessarilyendwhenamealisover.RoseCooperfromEnglandandhercolleaguesgathered22menandanequalnumberofwomenforanexperiment.Eachpersonatealonecontinuouslyreceivingninesmallsharesoffooditems.Theserangedfromcheesetwistsandpotatochipstocarrotscherrytomatoesandsandwichesorsausagerolls.Becausethegoalwastotestthepotentialimpactsofdistractiononfullnesstheresearchersrandomlyassignedhalfoftheparticipantstoeatinfrontofacomputer—andtogainasmanywinsaspossibleatthecardgamE.Everyoneelsewastoldtofocusonthesensoryqualitiesoftheirmeal.Accordingtotheirinstructionstheparticipantsateallofthefoodgiventothem.YetpeoplewhoplayedacomputergameduringlunchfoundtheirmeallessfillingthanthemindfuleatershaD.Gameplayersalsoswallowdowntwiceasmanycookiesalmostanhourlaterwhentheywereallowedallthedesserttheywantedinthenameofatastetest.TheBritishscientistspresenttheirfindingsintheFebruaryAmericanJournalofClinicalNutrition.Therealquestioniswhydistractedeatingshouldimpactsnacking.Itappearsthescientistssaythatmemoryplayssometrickyroleinhowweregisterwhatweeatandthedegreetowhichitsatisfies.InterestinglyeightyearsagoBrittaBarkelingofHuddingeUniversityinStockholmandhercolleaguesreportedsomewhatrelatedfindings.Their18overweightsubjectshadnochoiceotherthantogetridofeverythingbutlunchononeday—becausetheywereblindfoldeD.Comparedtoadaywhentheycouldviewwhattheywerediningonthesepeopleconsumedonlythreequartersasmanycalories.Yetevenhoursafterwardtheyreportedbeingnolessfullthanonthedaytheyhadbeenabletoseetheirplates.Ofcoursedininginthedarkisn’tpractical.Andsometimeswhatweeatdoesn’treallyinviteourabsoluteattention.Butthereiscertainlyagrowingmountainofdataindicatingthatmindlesseatingisawasteofresourcesarisktoourwaistlines—andacostlythreattohealth.67.RoseCooperandhercolleaguesdidtheexperimentinorderto_______.A.showthatallthepeopleenjoysnacksB.provethatplayingcomputergamesisharmfulwhilediningC.findpossibleeffectsofdistractiononfullnessD.testtheimpactsofeatingsnacksondifferentpeople68.Whichisthemosteffectivewaytoconcentrateonyourfoodwhendining?A.ViewingyourfooD.B.Blindfoldingyoureyes.C.Playingcomputergames.D.Eatingbyoneself.69.Thereasonwhydistractedeatinginfluencessnackingmaybethat________.A.youeatlessinthatcaseB.youarecheatedbyyourmemoryC.youhaveconsumedmorecaloriesD.youdigestwhatyou’veeatenfaster70.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.A.distractedeatingmaydamageyourhealthB.eatingsnackswillmakeyoufeelfullC.BrittabecamefamousbecauseoftheexperimentD.playingismoreimportantthanwhatweeat

ButothersbelievetheseconcernsareunjustifieD.DrMarthaLinettheheadofradiationepidemiology流行病学attheUSNationalCancerInstitutehaslookedatthesameresearchasCarpenterbuthasreachedadifferentconclusion.Idon’tsupportwarninglabelsforcellphonessaidLinet.Wedon’thavetheevidencethatthere’smuchdanger.StudiessofarsuggestaweakconnectionbetweenEMFs电磁场andillness—soweakthatitmightnotexistatall.A.multinationalinvestigationofcellphonesandbraincancerin13countriesoutsidetheUShasbeenunderwayforseveralyears.It’sfundedinpartbytheEuropeanUnioninpartbyacellphoneindustrygroup.Thefinalreportshouldcomeoutlaterthisyearbutdatasofardon’tsuggestastronglinkbetweencellphoneuseandcancerrisk.12.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatsomepeopleareworriedbecause_______.A.theyhaveevidencethattheuseofcellphonescanleadtocancerB.theymakeafussovercellphoneuseC.someexpertshavegivenawarningD.cellphonesareresponsibleforbraintumors111]13.BysayingIdon’tsupportwarninglabelsforcellphonesDrMarthaLinethastheideathat_______.A.theworryingisunnecessaryB.cancer-warninglabelsshouldbeoncellphonesC.thereisalinkbetweencellphonesandcancerD.cellphoneshavenothingtodowithcancer14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardsthedebate?A.OptimistiC.B.ObjectivE.C.OppositE.D.Casual.15.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Cellphones:isthereacancerlink?B.Thereisalinkbetweencellphoneandcancer.C.A.researchonthecellphonE.D.Thecellphoneandradiationepidemiology

ShynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeoplE.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatistheyareconcernedwiththeirownappearanceandactionstoomuch.Negativethoughtsareconstantlyoccurringintheirminds:WhatkindofimpressionamImaking?Dotheylikeme?DoIsoundstupid?AmIwearingunattractiveclothes?Itisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustaffectpeopleunfavorably.A.person'sself-conceptisreflectedinthewayheorshebehavesandthewayapersonbehavesaffectsotherpeople'sreactions.Ingeneralthewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasadeepeffectonallareasoftheirlives.Shypeoplewhohavelowrespectarelikelytobepassiveandeasilyinfluencedbyothers.Theyneedfaiththattheyaredoingtherightthing.Shypeopleareverysensitivetocriticism.Itmakesthemfeelinferior.TheyalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedbypraisesbecausetheybelievetheyareunworthyofpraisE.A.shypersonmayrespondtoapraisewithastatementlikethisone:You'rejustsayingthattomakemefeelgoodIknowit'snottruE.Itisclearthatwhileself-awarenessisahealthyqualityoverdoingitisharmful.Canshynessbecompletelygotridoforatleastreduced?Fortunatelypeoplecanovercomeshynesswithdeterminationsinceshynessgoeshandinhandwithlackofselfrespect.Itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessaswellastheirstrengths.Eachoneofushashisorherowncharacteristics.Weareinterestedinourownpersonalways.ThebetterweunderstandourselvestheeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourchancesforarichandsuccessfullifE.28.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout______.A.thecauseofshynessB.theeffectofshynessonpeopleC.thefeelingsofshypeopleD.thequestionsinthemindsofshypeople29.Accordingtothewriterself-awarenessis______.A.harmfultopeopleB.aweakpointofshypeopleC.thecauseofunhappinessD.agoodcharacteristic30.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinferiorinParagraph3?A.proudB.goodC.badD.guilty31.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatshynesscan______.A.blockourchancesforasuccessfullifeB.helpustoliveuptoourfulldevelopmentC.enableustounderstandourselvesbetterD.havenothingtodowithlackofselfrespect

MostairlinesgoallouttoensuretheirpassengershavethebestpossibleflightexperiencE.NowEurope’slow-budgetairlineeasyJetwantstoextendthepositiveexperiencebeyondtheplaneridewithSneakairs一smartshoesthatallowvisitorstoexplorenewcitiesandtownswithouteverlookingatamap.TotransformSneakairsfromanordinaryshoetoatourguideallthewearerhastodoisenterhisorherdesireddestinationintotheeasyetsmartphoneapp.A.built-inGPSwilldeterminethewearer?sstartinglocationwhiletheGoogleMapsnavigation导航toolwillhelpchartthebestroutE.WheneverachangeofdirectionisnecessarytheappwillcommunicatewithdieappropriateshoeviatheBluetoothandcauseittovibrate振动.Forexamplefifthewearerneedstoturnrighthe/shewillfeelthesensationintherightshoE.Shouldtheusermisstheturnthesmartshoeswillbothvibrateatthesametimeremindinghim/hertochangecoursE.Visitorsthatwanderoffthesuggestedpathordecidetotakeabreakforacupofcoffeeoramealhavenothingtoworryabout.ThesmartappwillautomaticallydeterminethenewlocationandchartoutanewroutE.OncethedesireddestinationisreachedSneakairswillvibratethreetimestoinformtheuserofthearrivalandthengobacktobeingordinaryshoes—untiltheirnavigationservicesareneededagain!Sneakairsiscertainlynotthefirstnavigationshoeinthemarket.HowevereasyJetisthefirstairlinetoofferthemtopassengersjustastheyareabouttolandinanunknowncity.HoweverbeforeSneakairscangomainstreamtheeasyJetteamstillneedstomakesomeadjustments.Amongthechallengesthatneedtobeaddressedisthesmartshoe’sthree-hourbatterylifewhichishardlyenoughforatouristtocatchallthedelightsanewcityortownhasTooffer!33.WhatcanwelearnaboutSneakairsinthetext?A.ItssizE.B.ItspricE.C.Itsmaterial.D.Itsfunction34.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph2?A.HowSneakairsworks.B.Howvisitorschooseroutes.C.Howusersavoidgettinglost.D.Whatusersshouldpayattentionto.33.WhatmighteasyJetdotoimproveitssmartshoes?A.Bringdowntheircost.B.Addmorefunctions.C.Developmoretypes.D.Makethebatterylastlonger.

ClimatechangewillincreaseUSwildfiresandthesmokyairwillcauseterribleproblemsinareasfarbeyondthoseburnedreportsanenvironmentalgroupThursday.Two-thirdsofAmericansornearly212millionlivedinstatessufferingfromwildfiresmokethreeyearsagoaccordingtothereportbytheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilNRDC.Theseareaswhichhadsmokeforatleastaweekwerenearly50timesgreaterthanthoseburneddirectlybyfirE.ItaffectsamuchwideareaoftheUnitedStatesthanpeoplehaverealizeD.saysauthorKimKnowltonaColumbiaUniversityhealthprofessoraddingthesmokecanmoveuptohundredsofmiles.Shesaysthesmokecontainsairpollutionandcancauseseveralkindsofdiseases.Texaswashithardestin2011whensmokestayedforatleastaweekinareasthatarehometo25millionpeopleaccordingtoNRDC’sreport.Illinoiswhichrecordednowildfireswithinitsborderscamesecondwithnearly12millionpeopleaffectedbysmokethatmovedinfromelsewherE.Theothereightstateswiththemostpeopleintouchwithsmokyairwereindescendingorder:FloridaMissouriGeorgiaLouisianaMichiganAlabamaOklahomaandIowA.Nearlytwodozenstateshadnowildfireswithintheirbordersin2011buteightofthemstillhadatleastoneweekofsmokyair:IllinoisMissouriIowaKansasNebraskaIndianaWisconsinandOhio.Only18statesandtheDistrictofColumbiahadnopeopleintouchwithatleastaweekofsmokethatyearalthoughfiveofthem—AlaskaCaliforniaHawaiiNevadaandUtah—hadalargeareaburnedbywildfires.TheproblemwillonlygetworsE.Knowltonsays.Scientificresearchshowsclimateiscausinghighertemperaturesandhealthproblems.32.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat_______.A.climatechangekilledmanyAmericansB.therearefewerstatesburnedbywildfiresC.everystatehadwildfiresmokeforatleastaweekD.mostAmericanssufferedfromwildfiresmoke3yearago33.Whichofthefollowingstateshadwildfireswithinitsbordersin2011?A.IowA.B.Kansas.C.Ohio.D.CaliforniA.34.Theunderlinedworddescendinginthefourthparagraphprobablymeans_______.A.goingdownB.comingtrueC.lookingpracticalD.turningback35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Climatechangecausesmorewildfires.B.Wildfiresmokebecomesaserioushealthproblem.C.Morewildfirescauseclimatechanges.D.Airpollutionbecomesaterribleproblem.

ResearcherssaytheEarthhadmuchmoreoxygen氧气nearlyabillionyearsagothanscientificexpertsthought.Thatclaimcouldchangetheories理论abouthowlifedevelopedonourplanet.TheclaimcamefromresearchersatBrockUniversityinCanadA.TheywantedtomeasurethelevelsofoxygenintheEarth'satmospherenearlyabillionyearsago.Todothistheresearchersdevelopedawaytostudysmallairbubbles气泡trappedinancientsaltcrystals结晶晶体.Therewasalotofdebateastowhattheoxygencontentwas800millionormoreyearsagosaidNigelBlameyofBrockUniversity'sDepartmentofEarthSciences.Hesaidthetrappedgasesshowedthattheoxygenlevelwasabouthalfofwhatitistoday.Byanalyzing分析tinyairbubblesinhaliteresearchersdetermines查明测定确认ancientEarthhadmuchmoreoxygenthanpreviouslythought.Infactmanyexpertsbelievedthattheoxygenlevelwasonlyabouttwopercentoftheatmospheresolongago.Butthenewstudyfoundthatitwasalmost11percent.Currentlyoxygenisabout21percentoftheatmospherE.TheCanadianresearchersusedamethod方法tostudyairbubblestrappedinhalitethenaturalformoftablesalt.TheresearcherssaytheirfindingshavemajoreffectsfortheoriesabouthowandwhenlifedevelopeD.ProfessorofEarthSciencesUweBrandsaidthathigheroxygenlevelsinthepastmayturnbacktheclockwhencomplexlifedevelopeD.Nowpaleobiologists古生物学家willhavereasontogolookingforrockswithevidenceofthesefirstevolutionary进化的stepshetoldtheCanadianBroadcastingCorporation.28.ThewordclaiminParagraph1means_________inChinesE.A.说法B.建议C.目标D.目的29.Nowoxygenmakesupabout_______oftheatmospherE.A.9percent.B.10percent.C.11percent.D.21percent30.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFalse?A.SomeresearcherswantedtomeasurethelevelsofoxygenintheEarth'satmospherenearlyabillionyearsago.B.Amongscientiststherewasalotofdebateastowhattheoxygencontentwas800millionormoreyearsago.C.InfactmanyexpertsbelievedthattheoxygenlevelwasonlyaboutelevenpercentoftheatmospheresolongagoD.TheresearcherssaytheirfindingshavemajoreffectsfortheoriesabouthowandwhenlifedevelopeD.31.Fromthearticleweknowthattheresearcherscamefrom____________.A.OxfordUniversityB.CambridgeUniversityC.PekingUniversityD.BrockUniversity

Computersareveryimportanttomodernlife.Manypeoplethinkthatinthefuturecomputerswillbeusedinlotsofeverydaylife.Itisthoughtthatwewon'thavetogoshoppingbecausewewillbeabletogetmostthingswhicharesoldinshopsontheInternet.Therewillbenomorebooksbecausewewillbeabletogetalltextsfromcomputers.TheInternetwillbeusedtoplaygamesseefilmsandbuyfood.Mosttelephonecallswillbemadebycomputerstoo.Somepeoplearegladaboutthosenewwaysofshoppingandcommunication交流.Othersdonotthinkthatcomputerswillreplace代替ouroldways.Somepeoplethinkthatonedaywewillnotreadbooksmadeofpaper.Insteadwewillbuyandreadbooksusingcomputerswhichwillkeepmanydifferentbooksinthematthesametime.Wewon'tneedtoturnlotsofpagesandpaperwillbesaved.Computerized计算机化的bookswillbeusedmoreandmore.Whilemanypeoplesayitisapleasuretogointoshopsandlookatthingsyouwanttobuy.Itisalsounlikelythatmanypeoplewillwanttoreadlargetextsonourcomputersbecausepaperbookswillperhapsbemorefriendly.Maybecomputerswon'tchangethesetwohabits.40.WhichisthemainideaofthispassageA.Peoplelikegoingshopping.B.Readingbooksisimportant.C.Computersareimportant.D.Computercanbeusedtoplaygames.41.Therewillbenomorebooksbecause.A.Thereisnopaperinthefuture.B.Peopledon'tlikereadingbooks.C.Theyareveryexpensive.D.Wecanreadpassagesfromcomputers.42.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEA.Wecanseefilmsbycomputers.B.Peopleallliketogoshoppingbycomputers.C.Wecan'tbuyanythingusingcomputers.D.Allthepeoplelikereadingbooksfromcomputers.43.Whichofthefollowingismentioned提到inthepassageA.Computerscanhelpuse﹣mailourfriends.B.Wecanchatbyusingcomputers.C.Computerscanhelpusmaketelephonecalls.D.Wecanlistentothemusicbycomputers.

ChristianEijkmanaDutchdoctorlefttheNetherlandsfortheislandofJavA.Manypeopleontheislandhadadisease疾病calledberi-beri.HewasgoingtheretotryandfindacurE.AtfirstEijkmanthoughtsomekindofgerm细菌causedberi-beri.Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn'teatthembutmadeexperimentsonthem.Thelocalpeoplewerequitesurprisedatthat.OnedayhenoticedthathischickensbecamesickwhentheywerefedthefoodmostJavaneseate-refinedwhiterice精炼米.WhenhefedthemwithunrefinedricealsoknownasbrownricetheyrecovereD.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery-thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdiseasE.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins维生素.TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Laterotherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson'sfooD.Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon'ttheycanalsotakevitaminpills.25.TheunderlinedwordcureinParagragh1probablymeans______.A.amedicaltreatmentB.akindofvitaminC.akindofgermD.akindofrice26.ChristianEijkmanwenttotheislandofJavato______.A.spendhisholidayB.findwaystogrowbettercropsC.dosomeresearchabouttheislandD.helptheJavanesewiththeirillness27.WhydidChristianEijkmanraisesomechickens?A.Toeatthem.B.Tocarryouthisexperiments.C.TogivetheJavaneseasurprisE.D.Tomakemoneybysellingthem.28.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.beri-beriwascausedbychickensB.theJavanesedidn'tlikevitaminsC.ChristianEijkman'sexperimentwassuccessfulD.theJavanese'sdiseasewascausedbyakindofgerm

Therearesomanydifferentplasticcardsthatadultshavetocarryaround—librarycardssavingscardsfordifferentbankscreditcardsjusttonameafew...Sowhynothaveonetoreplacethemall?ScottBarnhillan1l-year-oldfifth-gradestudentintheUShascomeupwithanideaforaSecurityOneCard.Soundsmart?TheUSPatent专利OfficethoughtsoanditapprovedapatentforhisideainApril.Barnhillhasalotofhobbiesincludingdesigningwebsites.Hegottheideaattheageofninewhenhesawhisfatherusingakeycardtoentertheirhotelroom.HethoughtThehotelsarewastingmoneywiththekeycards.Soinsteadofusingahotel-issuedkeycardguestscouldusetheircreditcards—onlyifthehoteladdedaspecialmagneticstrip.Atcheck-outthestripwouldsimplyberemoveD.Nowthathehashispatenthisnextstepisaletter-writingcampaigntogetsupportfrommajorcreditcardcompanies.I’mgoingtobewritingletterstocreditcardcompaniestoaskiftheycanco-operatE.Ihopethey’llgivememoneyeverytimesomeoneputsastriponthebackofanothercardoreverytimetheideaisusedBarnhillsaiD.I’llwritethelettersandseewhattheysay.IftheysaynoI’llasksomeoneelseanothercreditcardcompany.Heishopingtomakemoneyfromhispatentandhasdecideditwouldbebettertocollectroyalties专利使用费iftheideatakesoffratherthansellhispatent.TheATMpersonwhoinventedthatsoldittotallyandifhe’dchosenroyaltieshe’dgetlike2centsforeverytransaction交易andhe’dbeabillionairenow.ScottsaiD.33.TheadvantageofSecurityOneCardisthatit___________.A.couldavoidtakingmanycardsB.wouldbeverysafetocarryaboutC.couldsaveyou’realotofmoneyD.couldhavealotofmagneticstripsonit34.TheimmediatecauseofScott’sinventionwasthat___________.A.hefoundthatadultshavetocarryaroundsomanyplasticcardsB.hefoundevenahotelissueditsowncards—keycardsC.herealizedit’sabigwastetomakesomanyplasticcardsD.herealizeditwouldbeagoodchancetomakebigmoney35.FromthestorywecanseeScottis___________.A.verywealthyB.cleverbutlazyC.creativeanddeterminedD.outdated

Scientistsaremakingnewstudiesofcoloranditseffectsonourhealth.Theyhaveknownforalongtimethatthecolorofaroomorthecolorofthelightinitcanaffectourfeelingsandemotions.Manyprisonsandhospitalshaveatleastoneroomthatispaintedpink.Officialshavefoundthatlightandcolorcanproducephysicalchangesinourbodies.ProfessorFalfanworkedwithagroupof9disabledchildrenatschoolinAlbert.TwoofthechildrenwereblinD.Theothersevenhadnormalsight.ThescientistschangedthecoloroftheschoolroomandthenlookedforchangesinbloodpressureheartbeatandbreathingratE.Theeffectsofcolorchangeswerethesamefortheblindchildrenasforthosewithnormalsight.Theirbloodpressuredroppedfromabout120to100.Similarchangeswerereportedinheart-beatandthebreathing.ThechildrenwerealsocalmerandlessexciteD.ThenthecolorsoftheroomwerereturnedtoorangeandwhitE.Bloodpressureheart-beatandbreathingratewentupandthechildrenbecameexcitedagain.ProfessorFalfansaiddifferentcolorsproducedifferentlevelsoflightenergy.HesaidthedifferencesseemtoaffectchemicalsinthebrainthatcarrymessagesfromnervetonerveandfromnervetomusclE.11.Lightandcolorcanaffect________.A.onlyone’sfeelingsandemotionsB.one’senergyC.one’smentalchangesD.one’sheart-beatbrainactivitiesbloodpressurefeelingsandemotions12.Thecolorofpinkhadacalmingeffectthatistosaythecoloraffects________.A.thechemicalsinthebrainB.theeyesC.theskinD.themuscle13.Accordingtothetextorangeandwhitearecolorswhichcanmakepeople________.A.calmB.activeC.sickD.blind14.Thecolorsintheschoolroommentionedinthepassagewerechangedfrom________.A.orangetowhiteB.orangetodarkblueC.orangeandwhitetopinkorsomeothercolorsD.graytomorecolors

HowtheWorldWideWebStartedTimBerners-Leeisthemanwhowrotethesoftware软件programmethatledtothefoundationoftheWorldWideWeB.Britainplayedanimportantpartindevelopingthefirstgenerationofcomputers.TheparentsofTimBerners-Leebothworkedononeoftheearliestcommercial商业的computersandtalkedabouttheirworkathomE.Asachildhewouldbuildmodelsofcomputersfrompackingmaterial.AftergraduatingfromOxfordUniversityhewentontotherealthing.Inthe1980sscientistswerealreadycommunicatingusingaprimitiveversion版本ofe-mail.WhileworkingatalaboratoryinSwitzerland.TimBerners-Leewroteaprogrammewhichlethimstorethesemessages.Thisgavehimanotheridea:writeaprogrammethatwillletacademics学术界人士fromacrosstheworldshareinformationonasingleplacE.In1990hewrotetheHTTP服务程序所用的协议andHTML超文本链接标示语言programmeswhichformthebasisoftheWorldWideWeb.ThenextyearhisprogrammeswereplacedontotheInternet.Everyonewaswelcometousethemandimprovethemiftheycould.Programmersusedthiscodes密码toworkwithdifferentoperatingsystems.Newthingslikewebbrowsers浏览器andsearchenginesweredevelopeD.Between1991and1994thenumberofwebpagesrosefrom10to100000.In1994TimBerners-LeeformedthenewlyformedWorldWideWebconsortium协会orW3C.Morethan200leadingcompaniesandlaboratoriesarerepresented代表byW3C.TogethertheymakesurethateveryonecanshareequallyontheweB.‘TheWebcanhelppeopletounderstandthewaythatothersliveandloveandarehuman.IthelpsusunderstandthehumanityofpeoplE.Hesays.33.Scientistsbegantocommunicateusinge-mail_____.A.in1980B.afterthe1980sC.before1990D.inthe1960s34.Hemadeuphismindtowriteaprogrammethatwouldletpeoplefromacrosstheworldshareinformationonasingleplacewhen______.A.hewasachildB.hestudiedinOxfordUniversityC.heformedW3CD.heworkedatalabinSwitzerland35.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thenumberofwebpagesroseveryrapidlyinthe1990s.B.Tim’sprogrammeswereplacedontotheInternetin1990.C.TheWorldWideWebwillhaveaneffectonthesocialdevelopment.D.TimBerners-LeemadeagreatcontributiontothecomputersciencE.

Moststudentshavebiology生物classesintheclassroomsorthelabsinChina.ButseveraldaysagoIhadabiologyclassoutsideinmyAmericanschoo1.MybiologyteacherMr.Kwakdividedusintothreegroupsandaskedustoplayagameaboutnaturalselection选择andhowbirdsfindfood.Hegavethefirstgrouponespoon勺子perpersonthesecondgroupforks叉子andmygroupknives.Ithoughtweweregoinghuntingsoknivesmightworkbetter.Surprisinglyhetoldustopickupthebeans豆子onthegrasswithourtools工具.Whenthegamestartedallofusrantothegrassarea.Wesquatted蹲downandlookedforbeans.Itwashardtopickupsomethingthatsmallespeciallyfromthegrass.WhenIalmostfiredabeanitdroppedbacktotheground.WhenIfinallypickedupseveralbeans.oneofmyfriendsranintome.Icouldn’tkeepmybalanceandfellover.Allmybeansdroppedtotheground!JustatthatmomentMr.Kwakcalledusback.IhadtoleavethegameandofcourseIgotabadresult.Icouldn’thelpthinkingthatifIwereabirdlivingonGalapagosIslandIwouldbedeadsoon.Thefungamemademerealizethatnaturalselectionisredlycompetitive竞争的.Everyoneistryinghisorherbestto—survive.6.Whatdidthewriter’sgroupusetopickupthebeans?A.Spoons.B.Forks.C.Knives.D.Hands.7.Howmanybeansdidthewritergetatlast?A.None.B.One.C.Several.D.Many.8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thewriterdidagoodjobinthebiologyclass.B.Thewriterhadabiologyclassoutsidetheirschoo1inchina.C.Thewriterfoundthatpickingupthebeansfromthegrasswashard.D.Thewriterdidn’tfindenoughfoodforthebirdsonGalapagosIsland.9.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsurvive’’inthelastparagraph?A.Findfood.B.Remainalive.C.Belovely.D.Keepbalanced.10.WhatwastheaimofMr.Kwak’sclass?A.Toplayaninterestinggame.B.Topickupthebeans.C.Toknowdifferentkindsofbirds.D.Tolearnnaturalselection.

Everyfewyearscomesafitnesstrendthathaspeoplescratchingtheirheadsinamazement.Crunningwillprobablybeoneofthem.Thecstandsforcrawling爬行.Thisnewsportneedstwo-leggedhumansrunningonallfours!ThefunnyideaisthebrainchildofShaunMcCarthy.The34-year-oldisconvincedthatitwillrevolutionizefitnessasweknowit.AccordingtothesportsenthusiastTheonlythingthatcrunning’schangedaboutfitnessisthatit’schangedeverythingaboutfitness.Mccarthyhasnoscientificevidencetoprovethatcrunningismoreefficientthantraditionaltwo-leggedrunning.Howeverhebelievesitisamoreeffectivewaytoexercisebecauseitputsanemphasisontheshouldersandarmsprovidingacompletebodyworkout.MccarthyalsosayscrunningseemstotirehimoutmorE.Hethereforeconcludesthattheunconventionalexerciseisabiggercalorieburnerthannormalrunning.Whileexpertsgenerallyagreethatcrunningmayprovideabetterworkoutmanyarenotsureifitistherightexerciseforhumans.FitnesscoachKevinDeansayswearenotbuilttobeonallfoursandourwristsarethereforenotasstrongasourankles.Hebelievescrunningwhichhecallsafad时尚couldresultinbadwristandshoulderinjuriesnottomentionbrokennoses.ButMcCarthyisnotworrieD.SincethereleaseofhiscrunningvideoafewweeksagomanyMelbourneresidentshavebeenseenscamperingaroundonallfours.Asitturnsouttheyarenottheonlyones.IntheChinesecityofZhengzhoucrawlingamuchslowerversionofcrunninghasbeenafavoriteactivityformanyyears.AccordingtosomeenthusiaststhelightexercisethatisbelievedtodatebacktwothousandyearstotheHanDynastyisgoodforcuringbackandspineailments.Readytogivecrunningtry?ThenMccarthyrecommendsinvestinginsomegoodshoeshardyglovesandmostimportantofallafacemask!28.WhatcanwelearnaboutcrawlingaccordingtoKevinDean?A.Ouranklesarestrongerthanourwrists.B.Crawlingisanefficientwaytoworkout.C.ThecityofZhengzhouistheoriginofcrawling.D.Crawlingcanburnmorecaloriesthannormalrunning.29.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcrunning?A.Dangerous.B.Interesting.C.Beneficial.D.UnbelievablE.30.WhydoesMcCarthysuggestpeoplewearingafacemaskwhencrunning?A.ToamuseotherpeoplE.B.ToavoidbeingrecognizeD.C.ToprotectthenosefrombeinginjureD.D.TopreventsweatdroppingonthegrounD.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.A.newwayofcrawling.B.A.newtrendofexercising.C.A.scientificdiscovery.D.A.traditionalwaytokeepfit.

WhenDebbieParkhurstchokedonapieceofappleatherMarylandhomeherdogjumpedinlandinghardonherchestandforcingthepieceofappletopopoutofherthroat.DebbieParkhurst’shusbandKevinwasathisjobataWilmingtonchemicalDel.firmwhenshetookamiddaybreakfromthejewelryshopandbitintoanapplE.WhentheKeeslingfamilyofIndianawereabouttobeovercomebycarbonmonoxideCOtheircatclawed抓atwifeCathy’shairuntilshewokeupandcalledforhelp.FortheirtimelyactsTobyagolden21/2-year-olddogandWinnieagray-eyedAmericanshorthairwerenamedDogandCatoftheYearbytheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals.NeitherParkhurstnorKeeslingcouldexplaintheirpets’timelyheroicsthoughParkhurstsuggesteditmighthavebeenguidedbyGodintervention干预.That’swhatourveterinarian兽医saidshesaiD.Hewasn’tmakingajoke;he’sveryspiritualandnowIhavetoagreewithhim.ButbothpetswerethemselvesrescuedinbabyTobyasa4-week-oldbabythrownintoagarbagebintodieandWinnieasaweek-oldorphanhidingunderabarnsohelplessthatKeesling’shusbandErichadtofeedhermilk.AstheKeeslingsrecalleditagas-drivenpumpspreadcarbonmonoxidethroughthehousE.BythetimeWinniemovedintorescuespotthecouple’s14-year-oldsonMichaelwasalreadyunconscious.WinniejumpedonthebedandwasclawingatmewithakindofangrynoiseCathyKeeslingsaiD.WhenIwokeupIfeltlikeaT-barhadhitmeacrosstheheaD.Statepoliceandofficersrespondingtoher911callsaidthefamilywasonlyminutesfromdeathjudgingbytheamountofpoisonousgasinthehousE.25.WecanknowDebbieParkhurst_______.A.worksinaWilmingtonDel.chemicalfactoryB.wasmakingjewelrywhenshehadtheaccidentC.mighthavediedbutforherpet’shelpD.wasunconsciouswhenherpetfoundher26.Bothpets’heroicactsmostprobablyconnectedwith_______.A.GodarrangementsB.theirbeingoncehelpedC.theirsenseofdangerD.theirveterinarians’training27.WhydidWinnietrytowakeCathyKeeslingup?A.BecauseaT-barwasgoingtohithim.B.Becausehewashungryandwantedmilk.C.BecauseDebbiechokedonsomethinginherthroat.D.BecausetherewasdangerinherhousE.28.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_______.A.ifyoulovemelovemyanimalsB.allpetsareusefultopeopleC.wecan’tneverbetoocarefulinourdailylifeD.tohelpotherssometimescangetreward

Manypeoplethinkofthebrainasamystery.Theydon'tknowmuchaboutintelligenceandhowitworks.Whentheydothinkaboutwhatintelligenceismanypeoplebelievethatapersonisbornsmartaverageordumb—andstaysthatwayinthewholelifE.Butnewresearchshowsthatthebrainismorelikeamuscle—itchangesandgetsstrongerwhenyouuseit.Andscientistshavebeenabletoshowjusthowthebraingrowsandgetsstrongerwhenyoulearn.Everyoneknowsthatwhenyouliftweightsyourmusclesgetbiggerandyougetstronger.A.personwhocan'tlift20poundswhenhe/shestartsexercisingcangetstrongenoughtolift100poundsafterworkingoutforalongtimE.That'sbecausethemusclesbecomelargerandstrongerwithexercisE.Andwhenyoustopexercisingthemusclesshrinkandyougetweaker.That'swhypeoplesayUseitorloseit！Butmostpeopledon'tknowthatwhentheypracticeandlearnnewthingspartsoftheirbrainchangeandgetlargeralotlikemusclesdowhentheyexercisE.Insidethecortex皮层ofthebrainarebillionsoftinynervecellscalledneurons.Thenervecellshavebranchesconnectingthemtoothercellsinacomplicatednetwork.Communicationbetweenthesebraincellsiswhatallowsustothinkandsolveproblems.Whenyoulearnnewthingsthesetinyconnectionsinthebrainactuallymultiplyandgetstronger.Themoreyouchallengeyourmindtolearnthemoreyourbraincellsgrow.Thenthingsthatyouoncefoundveryhardorevenimpossibletodo—likespeakingaforeignlanguageordoingalgebra代数—seemtobecomeeasyafterlearningthemforaperiodoftimE.Theresultisastrongersmarterbrain.Scientistsstartedthinkingthatthehumanbraincoulddevelopandchangewhentheystudiedanimals'brains.Theyfoundoutthatanimalsthatlivedinachallengingenvironmentweremoreperspicacious—theywerebetteratsolvingproblemsandlearningnewthings.25.Accordingtothefirstparagraph________.A.thefunctionofourbrainislikethatofthemuscleB.untilnowit'simpossibletoexplainthebrain'smysteryC.manypeoplebelieveone'sintelligenceisnaturallydeterminedD.one'sbraingrowsstrongerastheageincreases26.Trainingmusclesiscomparedto________.A.usingthebrainB.connectingthingsinyourbrainC.liftingweightsD.doingresearchaboutthebrain27.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?_________A.Thecomplexstructureofthebrain.B.Howchangesinthemusclesaffectthebrain.C.Theimportanceofthebrain.D.Howthebrainbecomesstrongerbylearningnewthings.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordperspicaciousinthelastparagraphprobablymean?_______A.Strong.B.Smart.C.Popular.D.ActivE.

Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmony和谐inthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.A.recentresearchhasfoundanewsecretofsuccess.Accordingtothestudyifthecatisadoptedbeforethedogandiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyounglessthan6monthsforcatsayearfordogsitishighlylikelythatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two­thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.Howeveritwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomeswhilefightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.OnereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustoppositE.Forexamplewhenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsattackingwhileadogdoingthesamesignalsgivingin.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefullyresearchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguagE.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalkdoganddogscanlearnhowtotalkcat.What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligencE.Theycanlearntoreadeachother'sbodysignalssuggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslythought.Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguagecatsanddogscanplaytogethergreeteachothernosetonoseandenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofA.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom梳理eachother.Themeaningofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets—topeoplewhodon'tgetalongincludingneighborscolleaguesatworkandevenworldsuperpowers.IfcatsanddogscanlearntogetalongsurelypeoplehaveagoodchancE.4.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.A.earlyB.quicklyC.sweetlyD.violently5.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theyareintroducedatanearlyageD.theymisunderstandeachother'ssignals6.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs.A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwhatwethoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arelessintelligentthanwhatweexpected7.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony.B.Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C.Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D.Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.

There'samotherinPICU儿童重症监护病房whowantstotalkaboutakitshereceiveD.thenursetoldmE.Somethingaboutitmadehercry.I’vebeenachild-1ifespecialistattheClevelandClinicChildren’sHospitalsince2000.IhelpfamiliesunderstanddiagnosesandtreatmentplansandmanagetheupsanddownsthatcomewithcaringforasickchilD.Toughtalkswithparentsarepartofthejobwhichstillmakesmefeelnervous.ThekitsthenursewastalkingaboutweresomethingIhadrecentlyintroducedtothehospitalComfortKitsfromGuideposts.Theyweresupposedtomakeachild’sexperiencehereeasiernotupsetting.WhenIcameacrossthekitsataconferencE.Ifellinlovewiththem.Atreasureboxofitemsdesignednotonlytoentertainkidsbuttocomfortandinspirethem.There’sacoloringbookastressballaCDofrelaxingmusicahairystarnamedSparkleajournalandmuchmorE.Ireallybelievedthesekitswouldhelpkids.IwishedIhadn’tbeenmistaken.Atthepatient’sroominPICUIsawalittlegirlsleepingsoundlysurroundedbytubesandmachines.Myeyesmethermother's.Thekitwasopenonherlapandtearswererunningdownhercheeks.I'mShannon.ImanagetheChildLifeDepartment.IsaiD.I'msorryifthekitupsetyou.It’sanewitemThemothershookherheaD.ThishasbeenoneoftheworstdaysofmylifE.IfeltsoscaredandalonE.ThenIwashandedthisbox.Iknowit’sformydaughterbutit'sjustthecomfortIneedeD.Iwantedtosaythankyou.WiththatIknewComfortKitsbelongedherE.We’vebeenusingthemforalmostthreeyearsnow.Eachchildwho’sadmittedtothehospitalreceivesonE.EverydayIseekidscoloringjournalingplayingwithSparklE.ButasthismomshowedmeComfortKitsaren'tjustforkids.Thehopetheybringwhichcanbeinshortsupplyinhospitalssometimesisfeltbythewholefamily.21.TheauthorintroducedComfortKitstothehospitalto_________.A.relaxnursesB.curekidsofdiseasesC.comfortparentsD.benefitsickkids22.Whywasthegirl’smothercrying?A.Shecouldn'twakeherkiD.B.ShefeltaloneandscareD.C.Shewasmovedtotears.D.Sheworriedaboutherkid’sillness.23.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Theremaybelackofhopeinhospitals.B.Kitsareingreatneedinhospitals.C.Parentsareofteninlowspiritsinhospitals.D.Medicalsuppliesarenotenoughinhospitals.24.What’stheauthor'sattitudetowardsComfortKits?A.DisappointeD.B.ExciteD.C.Nervous.D.Confident.

SurvivingHurricaneSandy飓风桑迪NatalieDoan14hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockawayNewYork.LivingjustafewblocksfromthebeachNataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhousE.It’stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecialshesays.OnOctober292012thatoceanturnedfierce狂暴的.ThatnightHurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoastandRockawaywashitespeciallyharD.FortunatelyNatalie’sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity’sbridgecloseD.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextdaytheyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie’sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundherpeopleweresufferingespeciallytheelderly.Natalie’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarily临时attendaschoolinBrooklyn.InthefollowingfewdaysthemenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNataliE.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.NeighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuilD.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.MymomtellsmethatIcan’tcontrolwhathappenstomeNataliesays.butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.Natalie’schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedintroductionaboutaboynamedPatrickwholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.WithindaysPatrick’scollectionwasreplaceD.Inthecomingmonthsherwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopherwhoreceivedanewbasketball;CharliewhogotanewkeyboarD.Nataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-needsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastAprilshewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChangE.Todaythescars创痕ofdestructionarestillseeninRockawaybuthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclearandmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.Ican’timaginelivinganywherebutRockawayNataliedeclares声明宣布.MyneighborhoodwillbebackevenstrongerthanbeforE.28.WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricaneshefound______.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB.herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC.herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering29.Accordingtoparagraph4whoinspiredNataliemost?A.ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuildB.Thepeopletrappedinhigh-risebuildingC.ThevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivorsD.Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople30.HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A.ShegavehertoystothekidsB.ShetookcareofyoungerchildrenC.ShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelpD.Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform31.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.LittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceB.A.friendinneedisafriendindeedC.EastorWesthomeisbestD.Technologyispower

Caneatingachocolatebareverydayreallypreventage-relatedmemoryloss?No.Butanewresearchshowsthatlargeamountsofflavonessubstancesfoundincocoateaandsomekindsofvegetablesmayimproveage-relatedmemoryfailurE.Dr.ScottSmallisaprofessorofneurology神经病学atColumbiaUniversityinnewYorkCity.Heistheleadwriterofaresearchpaperdescribingtheeffectsofcocoaflavonesonbrainactivity.Hisstudyinvolved37volunteersagedbetween50and69.Researchersgavethemahigh-levelflavonesdrinkmadefromcocoabeansoralow-levelflavonesdrink.Foraperiodofthreemonthssomesubjectsgot900milligramsofflavonesaday.Theothersgot10milligramsofflavoneseachday.Brainimagingandmemorytestsweregiventoeachstudysubjectbeforeandafterthestudy.Dr.Smallsaysthatthesubjectswhohadthehigh-levelflavonesdrinkshowedmuchimprovementonmemorytests.Theresearcherswarnthatmoreworkisneededtobedonebecausethisstudywasperformedonlyonasmallgroup.Dr.JoannMansonistheleadresearcherofafour-yearstudyinvolving18000adults.Thisstudywilluseflavonescapsules胶囊.Thestudysubjectswillbedividedintotwogroupsandwilltaketwopillsperday.ThecapsulesusedwillalllookthesamE.Butonegroup'scapsuleswillcontainflavoneswhiletheothergroupwilltakecapsulesmadeofaninactivesubstanceorplaceboDr.Mansonsaysit'snotnecessaryforpeopletostarteatingmorechocolatebecause3personswouldhavetoeatahugeamountofchocolatetogetthesamelevelofflavonesgiventotherestsubjects.Headdsmanymanufacturershaveplannedtoremovetheflavonesfromtheirchocolateproducts.SimilarlyDr.Mansonsaysacocoa-basedflavonesextract提取maybedevelopedinthefuturE.Buthesaysthatmorestudiesareneededtoseehowmuchflavonesisgoodforourhealth.29.WhatwasdonetothesubjectsafterDr.Small'sstudy?A.Theywereaskedtotakeahigh-levelflavonesdrink.B.Theyweregivencapsulescontainingflavones.C.Theywereaskedtotaketwopillsofflavonescapsulesperday.D.Theyweregivenbrainimagingandmemorytests.30.What'sthesimilarityofthetwoexperiments?A.Bothusehigh-levelflavonescapsules.B.Thesubjectsaredividedintotwogroupsinbothexperiments.C.Drinksandplacebosareusedinbothexperiments.D.ThenumberofthesubjectsisthesamE.31.WhywillDr.Mansoncarryoutthefour-yearstudy?A.Toprovethefirstexperimentiswrong.B.Totesthowmuchflavonescanimproveourmemory.C.Tocarryouttheexperimentfurther.D.Toshoweatingchocolateisbettertoimprovememory.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.InthefuturewecangetflavoneswithouteatingchocolatE.B.ThemoreweeatflavonesthebetterourhealthwillbE.C.It'snotnecessaryforustoeatchocolatE.D.It'seasyforpeopletogetthesamelevelofflavonesgiventothetestsubjects.

Algae水藻areverysimpleplants.Theygrowinfreshwaterorsaltywater.Seaweedisalgaethatgrowinsaltywater.Seaweedisredorbrownincolor.TheJapanesepeopleusetheseplantsfromtheseainmanyways.FromittheymakeafoodcalledKombu.Kombuisseaweedthathasbeendriedcookedandpressedtogether.Thenitisdriedagainandcutintolongpieces.TheJapaneseeatalotofKombuandlikeitverymuch.Japanesefarmersoftenuseseaweedasfertilizer.Itmakestheirplantsgrowbetter.Manyfarmersalsofindseaweedmakesafinefoodfortheiranimals.FromseaweedtheJapanesealsogetiodine碘whichtheyselltoothercountries.IodineisusedinmanywaysallovertheworlD.Itisusedinmakingmedicine.Itisaddedtothesaltweuseatthetable.Scientistsevenuseoneformofiodinetoseedcloudswhentheywantraintofall.21.Kombuisakindof____accordingtothetext.A.plantB.medicineC.foodD.fertilizer22.Inthelastsentenceofthetextseedcloudsmeans____.A.cloudsspreadinglikeseedsB.theseedslikecloudsC.tomakerainfallwithhumanpowerD.droppingseedsbyclouds23.Themainideaofthestoryisthat____.A.TheJapaneseeatseaweedwhentheywantraintofall.B.Kombuismadeintomedicineforfarmers.C.TheJapaneseuseseaweedinmanyways.D.TheJapaneseeatalotofKombu.

TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculturehasaprogramcalledWildlifeServices.ItsjobistohelpprotectagriculturalandotherresourcesfromthreatsanddamagebywildlifE.Oftenthatmeanshelpingfarmersdealwithunwelcomevisitors.OneexamplefromWildlifeServicesofitsworkconcernedafarmerinWashingtonStateinthePacificNorthwest.SeveralyearsagothousandsofCanadageeselandedonhisfields.Thegeesebegantoeathiscarrotcrop.Biologistsfromtheprogramsuggestedthatthefarmerusenoise-makingdevicesandothermeasurestoscarethelargebirdsaway.TheseeffortssucceedeD.WildlifeServicesalsohasalivestock家禽protectionprogram.Theagencykillsfoxeswolvesandotherpredators食肉动物.Somepeoplehoweverwhoareagainstitsaytoomanyanimalsarekilledthatdonotdoharmtolivestock.TheWildlifeServicesprogramispartoftheAnimalandPlantHealthInspectionServiceAPHIS.APHISofferssomesuggestionsofwaystokeepawaypredators.ForexampletrytokeepfoodandwatersafefromwildlifE.Fencesmayhelpkeepoutwolvesespeciallyifthefencesareatleasttwometershigh.Forbestresultsthebottomofthefenceshouldextend延伸到aboutfifteencentimetersintothegrounD.Theexpertsalsosuggestusinglightsaboveplaceswhereanimalsarekept.Andtheyadvisepeoplewhoseewolvesaroundtheirpropertytochasethemawaybyshoutingmakingloudnoisesorthrowingrocks.Forhomegardenersatwo-meterfencemighthelpkeepoutdeer.Tokeepoutrabbitsawirefencehastobeonlyaboutahalf-meterhigh.Itshouldextendoverfifteencentimetersundergroundtokeeprabbitsfromdiggingunderit.29.WhichofthefollowingisWildlifeServicesexpectedtodoaccordingtothepassage?A.Toprotectwildlifethatisindanger.B.TohelpfarmersdealwithunwelcomewildlifE.C.TohelpfarmerswhosefamiliesarepoorD.Tokillunwelcomewildlife30.Whyisthefarmermentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToshowhowWildlifeServiceswassetup.B.Toshowwhatserioustroublefarmersarein.C.ToshowwhatWildlifeServicesdoesD.ToshowhowharmfulCanadageesearE.31.Whyaresomepeopleagainstthelivestockprotectionprogram?A.BecausetoomanyharmlessanimalsarealsokilleD.B.BecausetoomuchnoisesaremadE.C.Becauseitcoststoomuchmoney.D.Becausetheydon’tthinkitsuccessfulinprotectingthelivestock.32.Whichofthefollowingwaysisnotsuggestedifwolvesareseen?A.MakingloudnoisesB.ThrowingrocksC.ShoutingD.Firingatthem

Peopleatriskofaheartattackorstrokecouldbenefitfromblood-pressure-loweringdrugseveniftheirbloodpressureisconsideredinthenormalhealthyrangE.Ifsuchdrugswereofferedtopeoplewithcardiac心脏的risksregardlessoftheirbloodpressureatthebeginningoftreatmentitcouldsavemillionsoflivesresearchersinOxfordUniversityfounD.Forthestudytheteamanalyzedmorethan120medicaltrialsincludingaround600000peopleconductedovertwodecadessayingtheirfindingsareacallforanurgentreviewofexistingbloodpressuretreatmentguidelines.OurfindingsclearlyshowthattreatingbloodpressuretoalowerlevelcouldgreatlyreducetheriskofcardiovasculardiseaseifwidelyconductedsaidstudyleadauthorKazemRahimi.Highbloodpressurehaslongbeenidentifiedasafactorinhigherrisksofheartdiseaseandstrokesandmakesmorethanabillionpeoplearoundtheglobeintorment—includingoneoutofthreeU.S.adults.BloodpressureisrecordedinmillimetersofmercurymmHgastwonumbersinaratio:systolicpressureinsidethearteries动脉whentheheartbeatsasthetopnumberanddiastolic舒张的pressurebetweenheartbeatsastheheartrestsandisrefilledwithblooD.Normalbloodpressureisconsideredat120/80orbelowandisconsideredhighat140/90oraboveaccordingtotheAmericanHeartAssociation.Theresearcherssaidtheirstudyshowedthatforeveryreductioninsystolicpressureof10mmHgtheriskofheartattackswasreducedbyafifthandthatofastrokearoundaquarter.Someexpertssaidtheythoughtthestudy’sfindingswereimportantbutdidoffersomewarnings.OneimportantwarningisthatnoteveryonewillbeabletotoleratehavingtheirbloodpressurereducedtolowlevelsandthereisaneedtobalancepossibledrugsideeffectsandlikelybenefitsSmeethsaiD.12.Whatdothefindingsindicate?A.Normalbloodpressuredoesn’tmeanahealthybody.B.Theexistingbloodpressuretreatmentisuseless.C.Highbloodpressureisthefirsthealthkiller.D.Highbloodpressurecausesmanydiseases.13.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordtormentinParagraph3mean?A.TolerancE.B.Debt.C.Pain.D.Despair.14.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph4?A.ToteachhowtomeasurebloodpressurE.B.TocomparehighandnormalbloodpressurE.C.Toexplainthefactorinheartattacksandstrokes.D.ToshowsomediseasesarerelatedtobloodpressurE.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromSmeeth’swords?A.Hethoughtlessofthefindings.B.Reducingbloodpressureisn’tsafeforeveryonE.C.Mostexpertsdisagreewiththefindings.D.Drugsideeffectsarebiggerthanbenefits.

TheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramUNEPsays200millionAfricansgotosleephungrythatnumberrepresents23percentofthepopulationonthecontinent.A.newUNstudyshowsthateightoutoftencountriesfacingtheworstfoodshortageareinAfricA.RecentlyAfricanexpertsfarmersandothersgatheredinKenyafortwodaysofdiscussion.TheydebatedwaystofeedthegrowinghumanpopulationinAfricaanddealwithrisingtemperaturesonearthsurfacE.TheUNClimateChangeCoordinatorforAfricaRichardMunangwasoneofthespeakers.Henotedaneedtoincreasefoodproductiontofeedthepopulationbuthesaidthismustbedonewithoutputtingmorepressureontheenvironment.HesaiditisimportanttofindwaystofeedpeoplewithoutdestroyingforestsriversandseasthatprovidefooD.AtthemeetingsEmmanuelDlaminiservedasanegotiatorforOneAfricA.Inhisopinionclimatechangeisheretostay.HesaysAfricangovernmentandfarmershavetolookforwaystodealwiththechanges.Africanfarmerssaythatacombinationofunpredictablerainandrisingtemperaturescreatesanenvironmentforcropdiseasesthataffectsproduction.TheconferencealsoheardfromarepresentativeofNestleoneofworld’slargestfoodcompanies.NestleAfrica’sHansJohnsaysfarmersneedassistancefromfoodprocessingcompaniesandnon-governmentalorganizationstodealwithchallenges.47.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthediscussionmentionedinparagraph2isnotcorrect?A.Ittooktwodays.B.WaystofeedglobalhumanpopulationarediscusseD.C.Africanexpertsfarmersandothersjoinedthediscussion.D.Risingtemperatureisatopicofthediscussion.48.RichardMunangwillmostprobablyagreewith______.A.allmeasuresshouldbetriedtofeedthepopulationB.weshouldfindwaystofeedthepopulationwithoutdestroyingtheenvironmentC.AfricangovernmentandfarmershavetolookforwaystodealwiththechangesD.foodprocessingcompaniesandnon-governmentalorganizationsshoulddealwithchallenges49.Africanfarmersbelieve______leadtocropdiseasE.A.unpredictablerainandgrowinghumanpopulationB.destroyingforestsriversandseasC.risingtemperatureandlowproductionD.unpredictablerainandrisingtemperature50.Whichofthefollowingwillbethebesttitle?A.GrowingPopulationandRisingTemperatureB.WaystoFeedHumanPopulationC.DiscussiontoEndHungerinAfricaD.FoodShortageinAfrica

Ithasalwaysbeenthoughtthatalcoholcausespeopletoputonweightbecauseitcontainsalotofsugarbutnewresearchsuggestsaglassadaycoldformpartofadiet.Lookingatpaststudiestheyfoundthatwhileheavydrinkersdoputonweight;thosewhodrinkinmoderationcanactuallyloseweight.AspokesmanfortheresearchteamatNavarroUniversityinSpainsaysLighttomoderatealcoholintakeespeciallyofwinemaybemorelikelytoprotectagainstratherthanpromoteweightgain.TheInternationalScientificForumonAlcoholresearchreviewedthefindingsandagreedwithmostoftheconclusionsparticularlythatdatadonotclearlyindicateifmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.BostonUniversity’sDr.HarveyFinkelfoundthatthebiologicmechanisms生物学机制relatingalcoholtochangesinbodyweightarenotproperlyunderstooD.Histeampointedoutthestrongprotectiveeffectsofmoderatedrinkingontheriskofgettingconditionslikediabetes糖尿病whichrelatetoincreasingobesity.Somestudiessuggestthatevenveryobesepeoplemaybeatlowerriskofdiabetesiftheyaremoderatedrinkers.Thegroupsaysalcoholprovidescaloriesthatarequicklyabsorbedintothebodyandarenotstoredinfatandthatthisprocesscouldexplainthedifferencesinitseffectsfromthoseofotherfoods.Theyagreethatfutureresearchshouldbedirectedtowardsassessingtherolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinkstakingintoconsiderationdrinkingpatternsandincludingthepasttendencyofparticipantstogainweight.Fornowthereislittleevidencethatconsumingsmalltomoderateamountsofalcoholonaregularbasisincreasesone’sriskofbecomingobesE.What’smoreastudythreeyearsagosuggestedthatresveratrolacompoundpresentingrapesandredwinedestroysfatcells.21.Thepassageismainlyforthose_________A.whoproducewineB.whohaveadrinkinghabitC.whogoonadietD.whoareeagertoloseweight22.Theunderlinedphraseinmoderationinthefirstparagraphmeans_________.A.excitedlyB.carefullyC.frequentlyD.properly23.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageA.Currentdataclearlyshowthatmoderatedrinkingincreasesweight.B.Resveratrolisprovedtoincreasetheriskofbecomingfat.C.Theresearchfoundmoderatedrinkinghasastrongprotectiveeffect.D.Thespecificrolesofdifferenttypesofalcoholicdrinksareveryclear.24.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Howtodosomeeasyexperiments.B.HowtoreducethecaloriescontainedinwinE.C.HowtoprovethefindingmentionedabovE.D.Howtomakewineinahealthyway.

Areyouagourmand美食主义者DoyouwanttoeateverydeliciousfoodintheworldThendoyouwatchthepopularprogramABiteofChinaisadocumentaryonChinesedeliciousfoodwhichhasbeenbroadcastedbyCCTV.Isthereanyholidaythatisn'tcelebratedwithaspecialfestivalfoodHereareseveraltraditionalChinesefoodsEggsholdaspecialmeaninginmanyculturesandChinaisnoexception.TheChinesebelieveeggsmeanproducingsomethingnew.Afterababyisbornparentsmayholdaredeggandgingerpartywheretheypassouteggstoannouncethebirth.InsomeareasofChinathenumberofeggsrepresentsthesexofthechildforexampleanoddnumberforagirlandanevennumberwhenaboyhasbeenborn.NoodlesareasymboloflonglifeinChineseculture.TheyareasmuchapartofaChinesebirthdaycelebrationasabirthdaycakewithlitcandlesisinmanycountries.Sincenoodlesrepresentlonglifeitisconsideredveryunluckytocutitoff.AlthoughwesternerssometimesmaybeverysorrytoseefishlyingonaplateinChinaawholefishisasymbolofrichness.Infactatapartyitistraditionaltoservethewholefishlastpointedtowardthevaluedguest.FishalsohasaspecialmeaningbecausetheChinesewordforfishyusoundslikethewordforrichnessorplentyanditisbelievedthateatingfishwillhelpyourwishescometrueintheyeartocome.AverypopulardishduringtheDragonBoatFestivalisZongzi.Thistastydishismadeofricedumplingswithmeatpeanutorotherdeliciousfoodinbambooleaves.ThetraditionofZongziismeanttoremindusofagreatpatriotQuYuan.The50﹣minuteprogramtriestobringsomethingnewbypresentingmoreculturalelementssuchaseatinghabitsandthequalityofeating.32.AbiteofChinais.A.adocumentaryB.abookC.amagazineD.anewspaper33.AgirlhasbeenborninMr.Li'shome.HowmanyredeggsmayhepassouttohisfriendsaccordingtoChinesetraditionA.twoeggsB.noneC.threeeggsD.sixeggs34.WhichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassageA.WecancutbirthdaynoodlesoffinChinaifwethinktheyaretoolong.B.ItisimpolitetoserveawholefishlastatapartyinChina.C.Theprogramlastsforonehouronly.D.TherearemanykindsofZongziduringtheDragonBoatFestival.35.WhatdoesthewritermeaninthelastparagraphA.Thewriterthinkstheprogramistoolong.B.Thewriterthinkstheprogramhasmoremeaningsinsidethanthestoryitself.C.Thewriterthinkseveryonecanhaveagoodeatinghabitafterwatchingtheprogram.D.Thewriterthinkstheprogramhasbroughtmanykindsofdeliciousfoodtous.

Everyoneknowsthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisnotgoodtoourhealth.Yetwhatisitaboutjunkfoodthatissocompletelyirresistible无可抗拒的?Foronethingit’severywherE.FromchipsinfastfoodrestaurantstocandyinsupermarketsjunkfoodalwaysseemsavailablE.Thankfullyscienceisnowprovidingnewcluestohelpusreducesnacking.Makefriendswithdainty讲究的eaters.Studieshavefoundthatpeopletendtoincreaseorreducetheamountoffoodtheyeatdependingonwhattheircompanionsaretakingin.Seehappymoviesandalwaysgetthesmallerbagofpopcorn爆米花.Accordingtosomeexpertspeopleeatupto29%morepopcorniftheyarewatchingasadorseriousmoviecomparedtowhentheyarewatchingacomedy.Viewersconsumedalmost200caloriesmorewhensnackingfromalargebucketasopposedtowhengivenamedium-sizedcontainer.Eatbreakfast.Nutritionistshavegonebackandforth来来回回aboutthequestionofhowmuchtoeatinthemorningbutnewstudiessuggestthatconsumingagoodbreakfastisamust.Surveysonlong-termweight-lossshowthattwokeyfactorsinkeepingweightdownareeatingbreakfastandexercising.Divideyourfoodandconquerovereating.Anykindofdividingyourfoodintoportionsslowsdownyoureating.Anykindofmarkermakesyouawareofwhatyou’reeatingandofportionsizE.Researchersadvisereallocating再分配snackfoodsintosmallplasticbags.Itsoundssimplisticbutitworks.32.Whydopeopleeattoomuchjunkfoodthoughitisbadforourhealth?A.It’sdeliciousfromchipstocandy.B.It’seasilytakeneverywherE.C.Becauseit’savailablehereandtherE.D.It’seasilyboughtinfastfoodrestaurants.33.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Peoplearelikelytoeatmorefoodwhenstayingwithfriends.B.Nutritionistshavethesameopinionabouthowmuchtoeatinthemorning.C.Peopleprefertosnackfromalargebucket.D.Ifpeoplearewatchingatragedytheyeatupto29%morepopcorn.34.Whatwillheorshedoifheorshewantstoloseweight?A.Toeatnothinginthemorning.B.ToeatbreakfastandexercisE.C.TogetupearlyandtogotobedlatE.D.Tosnackfromamedium-sizebucket.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabouttherules?A.howtoeatproperlyandhealthily.B.howtomakefriendswithdaintyeaters.C.howmuchtoeatinthemorning.D.howtocontrolovereating.

Whatwillhighereducationlooklikein2050?ThatwasthequestionaddressedTuesdaynightbyMichaelCrowpresidentofArizonaStateUniversity.We’reattheendofthefourthwaveofchangeinhighereducationCrowbeganarguingthatresearchuniversitiesfollowedtheinitialestablishmentofhighereducationpubliccollegesandland-grantschoolsinthetimelineofAmericA.Inlessthanahalf-centuryhesaidglobalmarketcompetitionwillbeatitsfastestratesofchangeeverwithseveralmultitrillion-dollareconomiesworldwidE.Accordingtoarecentprojectionthenation’spopulationcouldreach435millionwithalargepercentageofthoseresidentseconomicallydisadvantageD.InadditionclimatechangewillbemeaningfullyuncontrollableinmanypartsoftheworlD.TheeverydaytrendsseentodaysuchasdecliningperformanceofstudentsatalllevelsparticularlyinmathandscienceanddecliningwagesandemploymentamongthelesseducatedwillonlycontinueCrowmaintainedandaretosaytheleastnotcontributingtofulfillingthedreamofclimbingthesocialladdermobilityqualityoflifesustainableenvironmentandlongerlifespansthatmostAmericanssharE.Howisitthatwecanhavethesegreatresearchuniversitiesandhavenegative-trendingoutcomes?CrowsaidinatalkIholdtheuniversitiesaccountablE.Wearepartoftheproblem.AmongthethingsthatwedothatmakethethingsthatweteachlesslearnableCrowsaidarethestrictseparationofdisciplinesacademicrigidityandconservatismthedesireofuniversitiestoimitateschoolsatthetopofthesocialranksandthelackofthecomputersystemabilitythatwouldallowalargenumberofstudentstobeeducatedforasmallamountofmoney.Since2002whenCrowstartedbeinginchargeatArizonaState—whichhecallsthenewAmericanuniversity—hehasledmorethanthreedozeninitiativesthataimtomaketheschoolinclusivescalablefastadaptivechallenge-focusedandwillingtotakerisks.Amongthoseinitiativeswerearestructuringoftheengineeringandlifesciencesschoolstocreatemorelinkagesbetweendisciplines;thelaunchoftheSchoolofEarthandSpaceExplorationandtheSchoolofSustainability;thestartofaTeachersCollegetoaddressK-12performanceandincreasethestatusoftheEducationDepartmentattheuniversity;andbroadenedaccessincreasingthefreshmanclasssizeby42percentandtheenrollmentofstudentslivingbelowthepovertylineby500percent.UniversitiesmuststartCrownotedbybecomingself-reflectivearchitectsfiguringoutwhatwehaveandwhatweactuallyneedinsteadofwhatlegendtellsuswehavetobE.ResearchuniversitiestodayhaveruntheircourseheaddeD.Nowisthetimeforvariety.DuringadiscussionafterwardCrowclarifiedandexpandedonsomeofhispoints.Hediscussedforexampletheschool’sdistance-learningprogram.Nearly40percentofundergraduatesaretakingatleastonecourseonlinehesaidwhichhelpstheschooltokeepcostsdownwhileadvancinginteractivelearningtechnologies.HesaidthatArizonaStateisworkingtoincreasethetransferandcompletionratesofcommunity-collegestudentsofwhomonlyabout15percenthistoricallycompletetheirlaterdegrees.We’vebuiltasystemthatwillallowthemtotrackintouniversitiesparticularlywhereculturallycomplexbarriersbeyondfinanceslimiteventhemostgiftedstudents.66.ThefourthwaveofchangeinAmerica’shighereducationrefersto_______.A.publiccollegesB.land-grantschoolsC.researchuniversitiesD.initialhighereducation67.WhichisNOTpartoftheAmericandreammostpeopleshare?A.PeopleenjoyaqualitylifE.B.Peoplelivelongerandlonger.C.ThefreedomtomovearounD.D.AnenvironmentthatissustainablE.68.WhichisaninitiativeadoptedbyCrowatArizonaStateUniversity?A.RestructuringtheteachersCollegE.B.LaunchingtheSchoolofLifeSciences.C.Ignoringthelinkagesbetweendisciplines.D.Enrollingmorestudentsfrompoorfamilies.69.Whichoneissimilartotheunderlinedwordarchitectinmeaning?A.Theauthoroftheguidebookisanarchitectbyprofession.B.Ifyouwanttorefurnishthehouseconsultthearchitect.C.DengXiaopingisoneofthearchitectsofthePRC.D.TomisconsideredoneofthebestlandscapearchitectherE.70.Withthedistance-learningprogramArizonaStateUniversityisableto____________.A.enroll40%ofitsstudentsonlineB.keepcostsdownwithoutalossofqualityC.provideanevengreaternumberofcoursesD.attractthemostgiftedstudentsallovertheworld

It’sinterestingthattechnologyoftenworksasaservantforusyetfrequentlywebecomeaservanttoit.E-mailisausefultoolbutmanyfeelcontrolledbythisnewtool.Theaveragebusinesspersonisgettingabout80e-mailsperdayandmanyfeelthatabout80%ofthemessagesintheirInboxareoflittleornovaluE.SoIhavefoursuggestionstohelpyoutobecomebetteratErasingE-mail.1.Getoffthelists.Thebestwaytodealwithaproblemistoneverhaveit.Ifyouarereceivingalotofunwantede-mailsasktoberemovedfromthevariouslists.Thiswouldincludeyourinclusioninunwantedlists.2.Unlistedaddress.Justasyoukeepanunlistedtelephonenumberthatyoushareonlywiththosewhomyouwanttohavedirectaccesstoyoumightwanttogetaseparatee-mailaddressonlyfortheimportantcommunicationsyouwishtoreceivE.3.Checkitonceortwiceperday.ManyIspeakwitharebecomingchainedtotheiremailservermonitoringincomingemailcontinuously.Maybethisisbecausee-mailcreatesitsownsenseofurgencybutmostofthecommunicationsarenotallthaturgent.Irespondtothemacoupleoftimesperday.4.Dealwithit.Asyouopeneache-maildooneofthefollowing:A.Ifitrequiresaquickresponserespondtoitanddeleteit.B.Ifitrequiresaresponsebutisnotthebestuseofyourtimetrytofindsomeoneelsetodoit.C.IfitisgoingtotakeanyseriousamountoftimetorespondscheduleitforactioninyourDayPlannerandthendownloadthemessagesaveitorprintitoutforfutureaction.Ipersonallyreceiveabout250e-mailsperdayandbypracticingthesuggestionsaboveIcanhandlethatvolumeinaboutanhourtakingadvantageofthisfantastictoolbutnotbeingcontrolledbyittomakesureI’mdoingmoreimportanttasksinmyday.21.Fortheimportantcommunicationsthewritersuggeststhatyou______.A.haveadirectaccessforthemB.haveseverale-mailserversforthemC.getaseparatee-mailaddressforthemD.getanunlistedphonenumberforthem22.Toavoidbeingchainedbythecominge-mailswhatyoucandoisto________.A.respondurgentonesonlyB.replytoallofthematthesametimeC.handlethemacoupleoftimesdailyD.keepreplyingtoe-mailsalldaylong23.Todealwithane-mailyougetyoucandothefollowingEXCEPT_______.A.respondingrightawayifit’surgentB.downloadingeverye-mailbeforeyoureplyC.schedulingitforlaterreplyifittakesmuchtimeD.askingsomeoneelsetoreplytoitifit’snotatyourconvenience

HoneyfromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugaritisalsodelicious.Mostpeopleandmanyanimalslikeeatingit.Howevertheonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nestandtakethehoneyfromit.Oftenthesenestsarehighupintreesanditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfricathoughpeopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper—alittlebirdcalledahoneyguidE.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoneybutitdoeslikethewax蜂蜡inthebeehives蜂房.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswaxwhichisdeepinsidethebees'nest.Sowhenitfindsasuitablenestitlooksforsomeonetohelpit.ThehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeoplE.Onceithastheirattentionitfliesthroughtheforestwaitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenestthefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.SomeofthehoneyandthewaxalwaysfallstothegroundandthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitssharE.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewaxbutitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehivesandwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.21.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees'nest?A.It'ssmallinsizE.B.It'shiddenintrees.C.It'scoveredwithwax.D.It'shardtorecognizE.22.Whatdothewordsthefollowerinparagraph2referto?A.A.beE.B.A.birD.C.A.honeyseeker.D.A.beekeeper.23.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway.A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurchC.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees'nests24.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey—Lover'sHelper

FortheTravelsectionwritersandeditorsselectedspecialitemstoprofilefromadozencities.Brussels:ChocolateNearlyhalfthechocolateconsumedintheworldiseateninEuropeandBelgium—withaverageconsumptionof14.99poundsperpersonayear—certainlycoversitsfairsharE.WhileBrusselsthecountry’scapitalishometohundredsofchocolatemakerswhatmakesavisitnecessaryistherichheritageoftraditionalchocolatemakers.Budapest:Paprika红辣椒ThejobofpreparingHungarianpaprikawasonceconsideredtoodangerousformotherstodo.A.womanwhotouchedherchildrenuponreturningfromworkriskedburningthemsoonlytheelderlyandunmarriedwereallowedthedelicatetaskofseparatingtheskinfromtheflesh.Butbytheearly20thcenturysweetervarietiesandamachineturnedpaprikaintoacommonfeatureofallHungariancuisinE.Lisbon:Tiles瓷砖IsthereabluercountrythanPortugal?TheblueskyandAtlanticOceanembracethelanD.ThebluemoodsofFadothedarkfolkmusicformthenationalsoundtrack.AndallacrossPortugalthetypicallybluedesignsofazulejos—ceramictiles—arespreadacrosschurchescastlespalacesuniversityhallsparks...TheresultisabeautifullandofChristiansaintsPortuguesekingshistoricalgloriesaristocrats贵族atleisureseascapesandsoon.Madrid:GuitarsWalkingintooneofMadrid’sstoriedguitarmakers’workshopscanfeellikesteppingintothepast.Curlywoodshavingsfromthepalestpinetoebonyfallontothefloorasartisans工匠turnsomehumblewoodintoworksofart.It’spainstakingwork—alldonebyhand—withclassicalguitarmodelsandthemethodsofmakingthemchanginglittleoverthelastcentury.1.WhatdoesthejobofpreparingHungarianpaprikasuggest?A.ThepopularityofHungarianpeppers.B.Thedifficultyofprocessingpeppers.C.TheuniquetraditioninBudapest.D.ThehotlevelofHungarianpeppers.2.Whichcitycanbeasplendidsettingforafilm?A.Brussels.B.Budapest.C.Lisbon.D.MadriD.3.What’sthesimilarityofthefouritems?A.They’realltreasuresofacity.B.Theyalldatebackseveralcenturies.C.Theirproductionprocessesareallpainstaking.D.TheyallwinpopularityinmostEuropeancountries.

Manyofusmistakenlybelievethatit'swrongtothinkwehaveanygoodqualities.WemayspendalotoftimeblamingourselvesforournegativequalitiesthinkingthatselfcriticismisthekeytoimprovingourperformancE.HoweveraconstantfocusonoursupposedshortcomingscanstopoureffortstomakefriendswithotherpeoplE.Howcanwebelievethatotherscouldlikeusifwebelieveourinnerbeingisflawed有缺陷?Ifsomeoneseemstodislikeyouthereasonforthatdislikemighthavelittleornothingtodowithyou.Thepersonwhodoesn'tlikeyoumightbefearfulorshalloworbusyorshy.PerhapsyouandthatpersonaresimplyamismatchforeachotheratthisparticulartimE.Don'ttakeyourselfoutofthegamebydecidingthatyourflawsarebiggerthanyourgoodqualities.InfactsomeoftheveryqualitiesyouconsidertobeflawsmaybeirresistibletosomeoneelsE.ForallthefactorsthatmightcauseonepersontorejectyouthereareatleastasmanyfactorsthatwillworkinyourfavorwithsomeoneelsE.YoumightbethirtypoundsoveryouridealweightbutyoumayhaveawonderfullaughandarealenthusiasmforlifE.Therearemanypeoplewhodon’tmindyourextrapounds.YoumaydriveashabbycarbutyoumightbeagreatdancerandaloyalfrienD.Therearepeopleouttherelookingforloyaltyorfunorsweetnessorwisdomandthepackageitcomesinisnotimportant.Ifyouareworriedthatyouarenotbeautifulenoughtoattractfriendskeepinmindthatnoteveryoneislookingforphysicalbeautyintheirfriends.Youcandecidetofeelinferior自卑becauseyoudon'thavemuchmoneyandyoudon'tdriveanicecar.Youcanbelievethatthisisthereasonthatyoudon'thavemanyfriendsinyourlifE.Ontheotherhandifyouareverywealthyyoumaybesuspiciousthateveryoneisafteryourmoneyandthatnobodyreallylikesyouasaperson.Thepointisthatyoucanfocusonjustaboutanythingandbelieveit'sthereasonyoudonothavefriendsandcannotmakeany.29.Accordingtotheauthor___________playsanimportantroleinmakingfriends.A.admittingyourshortcomingsB.selfcriticismC.modestyD.confidence30.Ifyouarenotlikedbyaperson_________.A.youshouldfindthereasoninyourselfB.you’dbettertalkwiththepersonfacetofaceC.youmaynotbetheonetobeblamedD.youandthatpersonmisunderstandeachother31.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itisimportanttoloseweight.B.Itiseasierforawealthypersontomakefriends.C.InnerqualitiesaremoreimportantthanphysicalappearancE.D.Ifyouarenotbeautifulenoughtrytoimproveyourphysicalbeauty.

SamAllredsuffersfromarareandincurablekidney肾脏diseasE.OnedaywhenhissisterwasplayingasongrepeatedlySamsangalong.HissisterthoughtitwasfunnysosherecordeditandpostedthevideoonlinE.Thevideo—andSam—becameahit.Only8yearsoldatthetimehecouldn’thaveexpectedtheresponsE.ThetelevisionshowTheDoctorscalledandwantedmeontheirshowsotheypaidformetogotoCaliforniasaysSamnow13andwegottostayinahotelwhereallthemoviestarsstayeD.DuringthatvisittoCaliforniaAngieAllredSam’smotherhadanideaaboutSamwritingachildren’sbook.TogethersheandSamwroteOpeningHeartswhichtellsSam’sexperienceoflivingwithachronic慢性的illness.IwrotethebooktoteachpeopletobekindertopeopleSamsays.MoreoverSamwantedtosendpillowstosickchildrenstayinginhospitalsaroundthecountrytomaketheirstaymorecomfortableanideathatcamefromatimewhenhewasinthehospital.AfewkindboyscameinwithpillowsandtheygavemeoneanditmeantalottomethatsomeonecaredaboutkidsinthehospitalsaysSam.AngiethoughtofstartinganonprofitorganizationtoprovideawayforpeopletocontributemoneytorealizeSam’sideas.ShenamedthenonprofitKindnessforKids.SincethenSamhastakenpillowstochildrenstayingatProvidenceHospitalinAnchoragE.Sam’sfatherScottAllredownsasmallbusinessthatcontracts承包shippingserviceswithFedExGrounD.Heaskedthecompanyforhelp.FedExGroundlearnedaboutSam’spillowprojectsaysErinTruxalmanagerofpublicrelationsforFedExGrounD.Wethought‘WhataperfectwayforustogetinvolveD.’ThecompanyprovidedshippingservicesforSamtoshipabout5000pillowstohospitals.Samwantstosendmorepillowstoallofthechildren’shospitalsineverystatE.Hisgoalissimple:Kidsinthehospitalashappyastheywerebeforetheygotsickhesays.24.WecanlearnfromthetextthatSamAllred_____.A.wasahealthyboyB.waspopularatanearlyageC.sangthesongwithhissisterD.workedinhisfather’scompany25.OpeningHeartsisabookthat_____.A.isabestsellerB.isaboutSam’ssisterC.waspublishedwhenSamwas13D.waswrittenbySamandhismother26.WhatisFedExGround’sattitudetowardsSam’scareer?A.Doubtful.B.SurpriseD.C.Approving.D.UninteresteD.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSamAllred?A.Optimisticandwarm-hearteD.B.HonestandresponsiblE.C.Unusualandconfident.D.FriendlyandbravE.

Manydriverssaythelargedigitalbillboards电子屏幕flashingadseveryfewsecondsalongBayAreafreewaysarejusttoobrightandtoodistracting令人分心的.Andtheymayberight.ASwedishstudypublishedinthejournalTrafficInjuryPreventionconcludesthatdigitalbillboardsholdthegazesofdriverslongerthantwoseconds.Previousstudieshaveshownthatanythingthattakesadriver’seyesofftheroadforthatlengthoftimeincreasestherisksofacrash.ThisstudyproveswhatiscommonsensewhenitcomestodigitalbillboardssaysMaryTracypresidentofScenicAmericaanationalnonprofitgroupthatseekstolimitbillboards.Brightconstantlychangingsignsonthesidesofroadsaremeanttoattractandkeeptheattentionofdriversandthisstudyprovesthatthisisexactlywhattheydo.TheFederalHighwayAdministrationalloweddigitalsignsforthefirsttimein2007afterconcludingtheydidnotposeamajordanger.Butafollow-upreportispending待定的andcouldbereleasedthisyear.Californiahasnolawbanning禁止thebillboardsandisoneof39statesthatallowsthem.Wewouldneedtoreviewmoreresearchsoit’stooearlytocallforabansaysJonathanAdkinsexecutivedirectoroftheGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssociation.Thereisarolefordigitalmessagingsuchasconveyingemergentinformationandothersafetymessages.Therearemorethan1800digitalbillboardsnationwidemorethandoublethenumberfiveyearsago.AlthoughnoevidenceshowsanincreaseinaccidentsbecauseoftheBayAreasignsmanydriversareopposedtothem.MonstrositiesiswhatMerlinDorfmanofSanJosecallsthemwhileinsuranceagentDavidWhitlocksayshehasfoundthemamajordistraction.They’remuchtoobrightatnighthesays.Whenadigitalbillboardswitchesfromabrightcolortoadarkeroneyoureyescannotadjustfastenoughandyouenduplosingsightoftheroadway.Officialswithsigncompaniescouldnotbereachedforcomment评论butBryanParkeranexecutivevicepresidentforClearChannelOutdoortoldUSATodaylastyearthatthere’snodoubtinmymindthattheyarenotadrivingdistraction.67.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thebrightnessofdigitalbillboardsisharmfultopeople’seyes.B.TheFederalHighwayAdministrationbanneddigitalsignsin2013.C.ThereisevidenceshowingthatdigitalbillboardscanleadtoanincreaseinaccidentsD.Digitalbillboardsareusedtoconveymessages.68.Whatdowelearnfromthetext?A.ScenicAmericaisanorganizationthatapprovesofdigitalbillboards.B.DriversintheBayAreaareagainstthedigitalbillboards.C.Californiahasbanneddigitalbillboards.D.Therewereabout1800digitalbillboardsnationwidefiveyearsago.69.WhatisBryanParker’sattitudetowardsdigitalbillboards?A.SupportivE.B.Neutral中立的C.Opposed反射的.D.Uncertain.70.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Studieshaveshowndigitalbillboardsposeadangertodrivers.B.People’seyescannotadjustfastenoughtothebrightnessofdigitalbillboards.C.A.studysaysflashingdigitalbillboardsaretoodistracting.D.Expertsdoubtitisnecessarytostopdigitalbillboards.

Astudyof27000menshowedthoseskipping不吃breakfastwereatagreaterriskofheartproblems.TheBritishHeartFoundationsaidbreakfasthelpedpeopleresist抵制sugarysnacksbeforelunch.Themenaged45-82werestudiedfor16years.Duringthattimethereweremorethan1500heartattacksorcasesofdeadlyheartfailurE.Howeverpeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwere27%morelikelytohaveheartproblemsthanthosewhostartedthedaywithameal.Theresearcherstookintoconsiderationotherlifestyleriskfactors因素suchassmokingandexercisE.ResearcherDrLeahCahilltoldtheBBC:Thetake-homemessageistoeatinthemorningwhenyouwakeuppreferablywithinanhour.Theresultsshowthatsomethingisbetterthannothingbutit’salwaysbettertohavesomethinghealthyandbalanceD.Shesaidthetimingofthemealseemedtobekeyandwaitinguntillunchratherthanhavingbreakfastmaybestraining损伤thebodyovertimE.Thiscouldbeincreasingtheriskofhighbloodpressureandfatnesswhichcouldinturndamagetheheart.Don’tskipbreakfastDrCahillsuggesteD.VictoriaTayloranexpertwiththeBritishHeartFoundationsaid:Theseresearchersonlylookedatmenagedover45sowewouldneedtoseefurtherresearchtoprovethatbreakfasthasthesameeffectonthehearthealthofothergroupsofpeoplE.Whatwedoknowisthatahealthybreakfastcanmakethatmid-morningbiscuitlesstemptingaswellasgivingyouanotheropportunitytowidenthevarietyoffoodsinyourdiet.Cereals谷类食品withlowfatmilkareagoodwaytostarttheday.Tryabananaordriedfruitontopandyou’llbeonyourwaytoafinedaybeforeyou’veevenleftthehousE.28.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?A.Theeffectsofsnacksonthehealthoftheheart.B.AninterviewbytheBBConpeople’slifestyles.C.Whatahealthyandbalanceddietshouldcontain.D.Therelationshipbetweenbreakfastandahealthyheart.29.DrLeahCahill’ssuggestionisthatweshould_____.A.fixthetimeforeachmealweeatinadayB.makesureourbreakfastisalwaysbalancedC.eatourbreakfastimmediatelyaftergettingupD.havebreakfastwithinanhourafterwakingup30.Theunderlinedwordtemptinginthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_____.A.attractiveB.valuableC.obviousD.familiar31.AccordingtoVictoriaTaylor_____.A.menover45aremorelikelytogetheartdiseasesB.freshfruitslikebananasarenecessaryforahealthybreakfastC.it’shealthytoeatsomebiscuitbetweenbreakfastandlunchD.theresearchersshouldhavecoveredotheragegroupsintheirstudy

Formorethantwentyyearsscientistshavebeenseekingtounderstandthemysteryofthesixthsenseofdirection.Bytryingoutideasandsolvingproblemsonebyonetheyarenowgettingclosertooneanswer.Onefunnyideaisthatanimalsmighthaveabuilt-incompass.Ourearthitselfisabigmagnet磁体.Soalittlemagneticneedlethatswingsfreelylinesitselfwiththebigearthmagnettopointnorthandsouth.Whenpeoplediscoveredthatideaaboutathousandyearsagoandinventedthecompassitallowedsailorstonavigateonoceanvoyagesevenundercloudyskies.ActuallytheideaofthelivingcompasscamejustfromobservinganimalsinnaturE.Manybirdsmigratetwiceayearbetweentheirsummerhomesandwinterhomes.Someofthemflyforthousandsofkilometersandmostlyatnight.Experimentshaveshownthatsomebirdscanrecognizestarpatterns.Buttheycankeeponcourseevenundercloudyskies.Howcantheydothat?Acommonbirdthatdoesnotmigratebutisgreatatfindingitswayhomeisthehomingpigeon.NotallpigeonscanfindtheirwayhomE.Thosethatcanareverygoodatitandtheyhavebeenwidelystudied.Oneinterestingexperimentwastoattachlittlemagnetstothebirds’headstoblocktheirmagneticsense——justasaloudradiocankeepyoufromhearingacalltodinner.Onsunnydaysthatdidnotfoolthepigeons.Evidentlytheycanusethesuntotellwhichwaytheyaregoing.Butoncloudydaysthepigeonswithmagnetscouldnotfindtheirway.ItwasasifthemagnetshadblockedtheirmagneticsensE.Similarexperimentswiththesamekindofresultsweredonewithmammals.Theseanimalsalsoseemtohaveaspecialsenseofdirection.28.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.A.greatinvention——CompassB.SixsenseofdirectionC.MethodsoffindingdirectionsD.A.built-incompassinanimals29.Whatcontributestothepigeon’sgoodsenseofdirectionaccordingtothepassage?A.Theinventionofthecompass.B.Theexistenceoftheirlivingcompass.C.Therecognitionofstarpatterns.D.Thedisturbanceofcloudyweather.30.Whatanimalexperimentsmightbetalkedaboutafterthispassage?A.snakesB.eaglesC.dogsD.Bees

HaveyouseenapictureofGeorgeWashingtonlately?TakealookatadollarorcheckoutabookonWashingtonfromthelibrary.Youprobablywon’tfindanypicturesofhimsmiling.DidthepainterforgettotellthePresidenttosaycheese?ActuallyWashingtonbeganlosinghisteethatage22andwasentirelytoothlessbyage64.Mostofhispictureswerepaintedwhileheworedentures假牙.Hisvarioussetsofdenturesweremadefrombothanimalandhumanteeth.Theseteethwereheldtogetherwithsprings弹簧sopowerfulthatGeorge’sjaws颚hadtoworkhardtokeeptheupperandlowerpartstogether.Ifherelaxedhismouthwouldopen!ThismaybethereasonwhyWashingtonalwayslookssosterninhispictures.Washingtonlivedinthe1700satimewhenpeopledidn’ttakecareoftheirteeththewaywedotoday.Theydidn’thavetoothpastewithfluorideachemicalthatpreventsteethfrombecomingbad.Mostpeopleusedpowderedchalktocleantheirteeth.Somepeoplehadtoothbrushesmadeofanimalhairswithwoodormetalhandles.Backthenpeopledidn’tvisitthedentisteverysixmonthsforacheckupandcleaning.George’sdentistJohnGreenwoodlivedandworkedinNewYork.WashingtonregularlymailedhisdenturestoGreenwoodsotheycouldberepaireD.Otherwisehewouldseehisdentistonlytohaveteethtakenoutbecausetheycausedhimpain.DuringtheAmericanRevolutionaryWarGeneralWashington’steethbotheredhimsomuchthathesentfortheFrenchdentistLaMayeur.Todaywedon’thavetosufferlikeGeorgediD.Sothenexttimesomeonetakesyourpictureshowoffyourteethandsaycheese!32.TherearefewpicturesofWashingtonsmilingbecausewhenhispicturewaspainted_____.A.hehadtotrytokeephisfalseteethinB.thepainterforgottotellhimtosmileC.hewasunhappytobeapainter’smodelD.thepainterdidn’tdrawhisteeth33.TheunderlinedwordsterninParagraph2probablymeans_____.A.happyB.puzzledC.seriousD.confident34.InWashington’stime_____.A.peoplewereunwillingtocleantheirteethB.peopleusedtoothpastetocleantheirteethC.therewasnowaytostopteethbecomingbadD.thereweretoothbrushesmadeofanimalhairs35.WhatcanweknowaboutGeorgeWashington?A.Hesaidcheesewhenhispicturewasbeingtaken.B.Heandhisdentistlivedinthesamecity.C.Hesufferedalotfromlosingteeth.D.HegotmedicalcareonlyfromGreenwooD.

InsomewaystheUnitedStateshasmadesomeprogress.Firesnolongerdestroy18000buildingsastheydidintheGreatChicagoFireof1871orkillhalfatownof2400peopleastheydidthesamenightinPeshtigoWisconsin.OtherthantheBeverlyHillSupperClubfireinKentuckyin1977ithasbeenfourdecadessincemorethan100AmericansdiedinafirE.ButevenwithsuchsuccessestheUnitedStatesstillhasoneoftheworstfiredeathratesintheworlD.Safetyexpertssaytheproblemisneithermoneynortechnologybuttheindifference无所谓ofacountrythatjustwillnottakefiresseriouslyenough.Americanfiredepartmentsaresomeoftheworld'sfastestandbest-equippeD.TheyhavetobE.TheUnitedStateshastwiceJapan'spopulationand40timesasmanyfires.Itspendsfarlessonpreventingfiresthanonfightingthem.AndAmericanfire-safetylessonsareaimedalmostentirelyatchildrenwhodieinlargenumbersinfiresbutwhoagainstpopularbeliefsstartveryfewofthem.Expertssaytheerrorisanopinionthatfiresarenotreallyanyone'sfault.ThatisnotsoinothercountrieswherebothpubliceducationandthelawtreatfiresaseitherapersonalfailingoracrimE.Japanhasmanywoodhouses;ofthe48firesinworldhistorythatburnedmorethan10000buildingsJapanhashad27.Punishmentforcausingabigfirecanbeassevereaslifeimprisonment.IntheUnitedStatesmosteducationdollarsarespentinelementaryschools.Butthelessonsareaimedattoolimitedanumberofpeople;just9percentofallfiredeathsarecausedbychildrenplayingwithmatches.TheUnitedStatescontinuestodependmoreontechnologythanlawsorsocialpressurE.Therearesmokedetectorsin85percentofallhomes.Somelocalbuildinglawsnowrequirehomesprinklers喷水装置.NewheatersandironsshutthemselvesoffiftheyaretippeD.29.ThereasonwhysomanyAmericansdieinfiresisthat_____.A.theytooknointerestinnewtechnologyB.theydidnotpaygreatattentiontopreventingfiresC.theyshowedindifferencetofightingfiresD.theydidnotspendenoughmoneyonfireequipment30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.firesafetylessonsshouldnotbeaimedonlyatAmericanchildrenB.AmericanchildrenhavenotreceivedenougheducationoffiresafetylessonsC.JapanisbetterequippedwithfireequipmentthantheUnitedStatesD.America'slargepopulationleadstomorefires31.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TherehasbeennogreatfireintheUSAinrecent40yearsthatleadstohighdeathratE.B.TherehavebeenseveralgreatfiresintheUSAinrecent40yearsthatleadtohighdeathratE.C.TherehasbeenonlyonegreatfireintheUSAinrecent40yearsthatledtohighdeathratE.D.ThefireinKentuckyin1977madeonlyafewpeoplekilleD.

RegardedasoneoftheEnglishlanguage’smostgiftedpoetsJohnKeatswrotepoetrythatconcentratedonimageryhumannatureandphilosophy.AlthoughKeatsdidn’treceivemuchformalliteraryeducationhisownstudiesandpassionbroughthimmuchsuccess.Additionallyhisownlifesituationinfluencedhispoetrygreatly.GrowingupasayoungboyinLondoninalowermiddle-classfamilytheyoungJohndidn’tattendaprivateschoolbutwenttoapubliconE.Histeachersandhisfamily’sfriendsregardedhimasanoptimisticboywhofavoredplayingandfightingmuchmorethanmindinghisstudies.Afterhisfather’sdeathintheearly1800sfollowedbyhismother’spassingduetotuberculosis肺结核hebeganviewinglifedifferently.Hewantedtoescapetheworldanddidsobyreadinganythinghecouldgethishandson.Ataroundtheageof16theteenageJohnKeatsbeganstudyingunderasurgeonsothathetoomightbecomeadoctor.HoweverhisliteraryappetitehadtakentoomuchofhisfancyespeciallywithhisaddictiontothepoetryofEhmundSpenser.HewasabletohavehisfirstfullpoempublishedintheExaminerin1816entitledOSolitude!IfIMustWithTheeDwell.Withintwomonthsin1817KeatshadwrittenanentirevolumeofpoetrybutwassharplycriticizedbyamagazinE.Howeverthenegativeresponsedidn’tstophispursuitofrhythm韵律.JohnKeats’nextworkwasEndymionwhichwaspublishedinMay1818.Thestoryinvolvesashepherdwhofallsinlovewiththemoongoddessandleadshimonanadventureofoneboy’shopetoovercomethelimitationsofbeinghuman.FollowingEndymionhoweverhetriedsomethingmorenarrative-basedandwroteIsabella.DuringthistimeJohnKeatsbeganseeinghislimitationsinpoetryduetohisownlimitinlifeexperiences.Hewouldhavetohavetheknowledgeassociatedwithhispoems.HisnextworkwasHyperionthatwouldattempttocombineallthathelearneD.Howeverabout发作withtuberculosiswhilevisitingItalywouldkeephimfromhisworkandeventuallytakehislifein1821.8.JohnKeats’attitudetowardslifechangedbecauseof_________.A.hisearlyeducationfromschoolB.thedeathsofhisparentsC.EdmundSpenser’spoetryD.thecriticismofamagazine9.WhatisthecommonthingbetweenJohnKeatsandhismother?A.TheydiedofthesamediseasE.B.TheyhadabadchildhoodC.Theyreadmanybooks.D.Theyshowedstronginterestinpoetry10.WhilepursuinghisdreamofbecomingapoetfirstJohnKeatswas_________.A.determinedB.experiencedC.knowledgeableD.impatient11.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A.Keatsreceivedlittleeducationatschool.B.Keatsoncehadachanceofbecomingadoctor.C.In1816Keatsspenttwomonthswritingapoem.D.Endymionwasaboutareallovestory.

Silenceisunnaturaltoman.Hebeginslifewithacryandendsitinstillness.InbetweenhedoesallhecantomakeanoiseintheworldandhefearssilencemorethananythingelsE.EvenhisconversationisanattempttopreventafearfulsilencE.Ifheisintroducedtoanotherpersonandanumberofpausesoccurintheconversationheregardshimselfasafailureaworthlesspersonandisfullofenvyoftheemptiest-headedchatterbox喋喋不休唠叨的人.Heknowsthatninety-ninepercentofhumanconversationmeansnomorethanthebuzzingofaflybutheisanxioustojoininthebuzzandtoprovethatheisamanandnotawaxworkfigure.TheaimofconversationisnotforthemostparttocommunicateideasitistokeepupthebuzzingsounD.Thereareitmustbeadmitteddifferentqualitiesofbuzzthereisevenabuzzthatisasannoyingasthecontinuousnoisemadebyamosquito.Butatadinnerpartyonewouldratherbeamosquitothanaquietperson.MostbuzzingfortunatelyispleasanttotheearandsomeofitispleasanteventotheminD.Hewouldbeafoolishmanifhewaiteduntilhehadawisethoughttotakepartinthebuzzingwithhisneighbors.Thosewhohatetopickuptheweatherasaconversationalopeningseemtomenottoknowthereasonwhyhumanbeingswishtotalk.Veryfewhumanbeingsjoininaconversationinthehopeoflearninganythingnew.Someofthemarecontentiftheyaremerelyallowedtogoonmakinganoiseintootherpeople’searsthoughtheyhavenothingtotellthemexceptthattheyhaveseentwoorthreenewplaysorthattheyhadfoodinaSwisshotel.Attheendofaneveningduringwhichtheyhavesaidnothingmeaningfulforalongtimetheyjustprovethemselvestobesuccessfulconversationists.16.Accordingtotheauthorpeoplemakeconversationto_____.A.exchangeideasB.provetheirvalueC.achievesuccessinlifeD.overcometheirfearofsilence17.BythebuzzingofaflyParA.1theauthormeans_____.A.thenoiseofaninsectB.alowwhisperingsoundC.meaninglesstalksD.thevoiceofachatterbox18.Accordingtothepassagepeopleusuallytalktotheirneighbors_____.A.aboutwhatevertheyhavepreparedB.aboutwhatevertheywanttoC.inthehopeoflearningsomethingnewD.inthehopeofgettingonwell

Wenowonlysleepforsixhoursand41minuteseachnightandhalfofushavenochanceofaweekendlie-inanewstudyshows.Anditseemsevenduringtheweekwearestrugglingtogetenoughshut-eyE.Itissaidthattwo-thirdsofusaresleepingforonlysixhoursand27minuteseverynightonehourand33minutesshorterthanthenormaldailyamount总额ofsleep—eighthours.Morethan27percentaregettinglesssleepthantheydidayearago.Insteadofaweekendlie-inmostpeoplewillchoose11minutesofextrasnoozebutton睡眠键timewhichcouldbebadforhealth.68percentnowusetheirmobilephonetowakethemupeverymorning.Fouroutoftenadultssaytheysettheirwake-upcallearlierthanneededthenhitthesnoozebuttonontheirmobilephonestwiceforan11minutes’restinordertomaketheirbodiesfeelliketheyhavehadmoresleep.ProfessorStevieWilliamssaidSettingyouralarmclockmuchearlierandcontinuallypressingthesnoozebuttonactuallymakesyoufeelevenweakerafteranight’ssleep.NappinginthiswaycanmakeyoumissoutontheimportantREMsleepwhichhappensjustbeforeyouwakeup.Anditisnecessaryforyoutousetheweekendtocatchuponthesleepdebtduringtheweek.Athirdofadultsarekeptawakeatnightbecauseofmoneyworriesaquartercan’tfallasleepduetofamilyproblemsandjustunderone-fifthworryaboutworkstresses.Beingshortofsleepisextremelyharmfultoaperson’sheathandwell-being.Butwehavetostoptreatingsleepasaluxury奢侈品andrealizethatitisnecessarytogeteighthoursofsleepeverynight.44.WhatcanweknowaboutREMsleep?A.Weshouldavoiditbeforewewakeupeachday.B.Ithappensbeforewewakeupandisgoodforourhealth.C.It’suselesstoenjoythisstageofsleepbeforewewakeup.D.Itcandoharmtoourhealthasitmakesuswakeupearlier.45.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.ToshowwhatkeepsusawakE.B.Totelluswhyweneedtotreatsleepseriously.C.Togiveussometipsonhowtogetasoundsleep.D.Tooffersomeevidencethatsleepisakindofluxury.46.Theauthorwritesthepassageinordertotellusthatweshould.A.avoidworkinglateintothenightB.getenoughsleepandknowitsimportanceC.trytokeepabalancebetweenfamilyandworkD.replacetheunhealthylifestylewithahealthyone47.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Whataneight-hoursleepmeansB.WhypeopleneedtosleepeverydayC.HowtogetasoundsleepD.Enoughsleepisveryimportant\

ThedeserttortoiseisfoundintheMojaveandSonoranDesertsinNorthAmerica.ItislistedasanendangeredspeciesundertheUnitedStatesfederalEndangeredSpeciesActandisconsideredvulnerablebytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureIUCN.Despitethelawsthatprotectthemtheirnumbersarestillonthedecline.Thedeserttortoiseintheareashaslivedforthousandsofyears.Thisanimalisabletosurvivegroundtemperatureover140℉andisknowntoliveaslongas60to80years.Howeverninety-fivepercentofthelifeofadeserttortoiseisspentinthegroundescapingtheheatinaholeorpassageintheground.Holescanbeeasilydestroyedbyoff-highwayvehiclesthatdonotstayonbuiltroads.Disastersalsooccurwhentheyseekshadeunderparkedcars.Deserttortoisesarealsoharmedbyseveraldiseasessuchastheupperrespiratorytractdiseaseoftenfoundinadoptedtortoises.Petowners’releasingsicktortoisesintothewildhasresultedindiseasesbeingspreadtowildtortoises.Thedeserttortoisefeedsonadune沙丘primroseduringspring.Non-nativeSaharamustard芥菜seeninthebackgroundisaweedthatcompeteswiththenativeplantsforwaterandnutrients.Insomeareasmustardgrowssodenselythatitisnearlyimpossiblefordeserttortoisestopassthrough.Vehicleswhichdonotstayonbuiltroadsanddonotgetwashedfrequentlycontributetospreadingweeds.Rubbishsuchasburstballoonisadangertodeserttortoises.Theballooncanbemistakenforfoodbydeserttortoisesandonceconsumedmayremaininthestomachsandintestinesgivingthemafalsesenseoffullnessthatmaycausethemtostarve.28.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordvulnerableinParagraph1referto?A.EasilyharmeD.B.Veryuseful.C.WellprotecteD.D.HardlynoticeD.29.Whydoesthedeserttortoisespendmostofitstimeunderground?A.Tosaveenergyforalonglife.B.Toescapecross-countryvehicles.C.Toshelterthemselvesfromotheranimals.D.Toprotectthemselvesfromtheheat.30.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetortoise?A.Itdigestssplitballooneasily.B.Itlivesonnativeplants.C.Itcanfillitselfupwithburstballoon.D.Itpromotesthegrowthofmustard.31.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ProtectionoftheDesertTortoiseB.ASharpDeclineinTortoiseNumberC.DangerstheDesertTortoiseisFacingD.ABadEffectVehiclesHaveonTortoise

Lifeisfullofsurprisesandyouneverknowhowthingswillturnout.SirJohnGurdonisagoodexampleofthis.Asaboyhewastoldhewashopelessatscienceandfinishedbottomofhisclass.Nowaged79theverysameGurdonsharedthe2012NobelPrizeinMedicinewithJapanesestemcell干细胞researcherShinyaYamanakA.LikesomanyscientistsGurdonshowsuswherethepowerofcuriosityandperseverance坚持不懈canleaD.Attheageof15in1948Gurdonrankedlastoutofthe250boysathishighschoolinbiologyandeveryothersciencesubjectGurdon’shighschoolscienceteacherevensaidthathisdreamofbecomingascientistwasquiteridiculous.Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticismsGurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkingharD.HewenttothelabearlyandleftlaterthananyoneelsE.Heexperiencedthousandsoffailures.MyownbeliefisthatwewillintheendunderstandeverythingabouthowcellsactuallyworkGurdonsaiD.In1962Gurdontookacellfromanadultfrogandmoveditsgenetic基因的informationintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthengrewintoaclone克隆oftheadultfrog.ThistechniquelaterhelpedtocreateDollythesheepin1996thefirstclonedmammalintheworlD.In2006Gurdon’sworkhasdevelopedbyYamanakatoshowthatasample样本ofaperson’sskincanbeusedtocreatestemcells.Usingthistechniquedoctorscanrepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.LuckfavorsthepreparedmindGurdontoldtheNobelPrizeOrganization.Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’tworkbutwhentheydoyouhavetocatchthechancE.1.Whowonthe2012NobelPrizeinMedicine?A.SirJohnGurdonB.ShinyaYamanakaC.SirJohnGurdonandShinyaYamanakaD.Gurdon’sscienceteacher2.Inwhatorderarethefollowingsmentionedinthepassage?A.createthesheepDollyB.takeacellfromanadultfrogC.useaperson’sskintocreatestemcellsD.moveafrog’sgeneticinformationintoaneggcellE.growintoacloneofafrogA.b-d-e-a-cB.b-a-c-d-eC.b-d-a-c-eD.b-e-d-a-c3.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordridiculousmeaninChinese?A.无知的B.荒废的C.荒谬的D.无畏的4.Accordingtothepassagewhichstatementistrue?A.AsaboyGurdonwastoldhewashopeful.B.Gurdonrankedfirstathishighschoolinbiology.C.It’simpossibleforthedoctorstorepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.D.Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticismsGurdonkeptworkingharD.5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork.B.LuckfavorsthepreparedminD.C.Lifeisfullofsurprises.D.Howtoknowcellsactuallywork.

WhilesweettreatscanbehardtoresisttheWorldHealthOrganizationWHOhassetnewguidelinesforpeoplearoundtheworlD.TheguidelinesreleasedonWednesdayadvisethatbothadultsandchildrencutbackontheirsugarintake摄取量tostayhealthy.InastatementFrancescoBrancadirectoroftheWHO’snutritiondepartmentsaidthereisevidencethatreducingdailysugarintakereducestheriskofbeingoverweightandtoothdecay腐烂.Theguidelinesdonotapplytothesugarsinfreshfruitandvegetablesorthosethatarenaturallypresentinmilk.AccordingtotheWHOthereisnoreportedevidenceofnegativeeffectsofconsumingthosesugars.Insteadthenewguidelinesfocusonaddedorfreesugars.Theseincludesugarsthatareaddedtoprocessedfoodsanddrinkssuchascandyandsoftdrinks.Addedsugarsaresometimesdescribedashiddensugarsbecausetheyexistinfoodswemightnotthinkofassweetssuchashoneyandketchup番茄酱.Healthexpertsadvisethatconsumerslookatingredientsonfoodpackagestohelpmakebetter-informeddecisions.TheWHOrecommendsthatpeopleintheUnitedStatesEuropeandotherWesternsocietiesshouldcuttheiraveragesugarintakebyabouttwo-thirdsordowntojust10%oftheiroverallcalories.FordevelopingcountrieswheredentalcareislessadvancedtheWHOrecommendsthatsugarintakebereducedto5%.ScientistKieranClarkeoftheUniversityofOxfordnotesthatforthosepeoplewhocan’tshaketheirloveforsweetsgettingmoreexerciseisagoodsolution.IfyougetenoughexerciseyoucaneatalmostanythingshesaidButit’sveryhardtoavoidlargeamountsofsugarunlessallyou’reeatingisfruitandvegetables.29.WhatcanwelearnfromtheguidelinesreleasedbytheWorldHealthOrganization?A.TheproductionofcandiesshouldbeforbiddenB.Thereisaconnectionbetweensugarintakeandbadteeth.C.Fruitandvegetablescontainalotofsugar.D.Peopleshouldcutdownonsugarintakeforthesakeoftheirhealth30.TowhatlevelshouldpeopleindevelopingcountriescutdowntheirsugarintakeaccordingtotheWHO?A.10%B.15%C.5%D.30%31.WecanlearnfromthetextthatA.addedsugarisn’tmarkedonfoodpackagesB.weshoulddrinkaslittlemilkaspossibleasitcontainssugar.C.softdrinksdon’tcontainaddedsugarD.thelessexerciseyoudothefewersweetthingsyoushouldeat

Someinventionsaresousefulbutseemsosimplethatwewonderwhynoonethoughtofthemlongago.Post-itNotesthepiecesofpaperthatyoucanfastenalmostanywhereandthenremovewithoutleavinganysignthattheywerethereareanexampleofsuchaninvention.Post-itNoteswereinventedabouttwentyyearsagobyArtFryascientistat3MCorporation.Theideafortheproductcamefromafrustratingexperienceheoftenhadwhilesinginginhischurchchoir.Fryusedpiecesofpaperasbookmarkstomarktheplacesinhisbookofsongsbutthesebookmarkswerealwaysfallingout.Heknewheneededabookmarkthatwouldstaywhereheputitbutthathecouldremovewithoutdamagingthepages.AroundthattimeFryheardaboutanewadhesive粘合剂thatacolleague同事Dr.SpenceSilverhadcreateD.Thisadhesivewasspecialbecauseitwasstickybutnottoosticky.ItwasstrongenoughtoholdpaperstogetherbutweakenoughtonottearthepaperwhenitwasremoveD.Frysawthatthenewadhesivecouldhelpsolvehisbookmarkproblem.OnemorningFryputsomeoftheadhesiveontheedgeofapieceofpaper.Justashehopeditmadeaperfectbookmark.AshorttimelaterFryrealizedthathisnewinventionhadevenmoreusesthanbeingagreatbookmark.HecametothisrealizationwhenhewroteanoteononeofhisnewbookmarksandattachedittoareporthewasgoingtogivetoacolleaguE.Soonco-workerswereaskingFryformoresamples样品ofhisinventionsothattheycouldusethenewtypeofnotesthemselves.Fryandsomeotherpeopleat3Mbelievedsomuchinthenewproductthattheypersuadedthecompanytogiveawaythousandsofthestickypiecesofpaperfortrialuse试用.Whensomesalespeopleat3Mwenttoofficesandshowedworkersjusthowhelpfulthenewtypeofnotescouldbetheyimmediatelyreceivedmanyorders.AsmoreandmorepeoplediscoveredhowusefulPost-itNotescouldbetheproducttookoff.13.TheinventionofPost-itNotesshowedthatArtFry________.A.hadalotofknowledgeB.wasveryhard-workingC.wasgoodatcreativethinkingD.lovedhisjobinthechurch14.InwhatwaydidDr.SpencehelpA.rtFry?A.TheyworkedtogetherandoftendiscussedsciencE.B.HisinventionofaspecialadhesivemadeArt'sinventionpossiblE.C.Hepersuaded3MCorporationtogiveawaylotsofPost-itNotesfortrialusE.D.HecooperatedwithArtbyprovidingthenewadhesiveforArt.15.WhichofthefollowingisapossibleuseofPost-itNotes?A.A.noteonafriend'sdoor.B.Ane-mailtoafrienD.C.A.postcardfromabroaD.D.Anadinanewspaper.

OtherkidsfeltsorryforJohnwhenhewasgrowingupHisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegardencarryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthoodhewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfactionabettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofallhewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence能力andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsocietysaidGeorgeVaillantthepsychologist心理学家whomadethediscovery.Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselvesothersfeltgoodaboutthem.Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages2531and47.UnderVaillanttheresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobshouseworkeffortinschoolandabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeoplefivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployeD.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working----atanyage----isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibilityindependenceconfidenceandcompetence------theunderpinnings基础ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaidOnecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolovetoworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.32.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.HewasenviedbyothersinhischildhooD.B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.HeenjoyedhiscareerandmarriagE.33.Vaillant’steamobtainedtheirfindingsby_____.A.recordingtheboys’effortinschoolB.evaluatingthemen’smentalhealthC.comparingdifferentsetsofscoresD.measuringthemen’sproblemsolvingability34.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordsharpprobablymeaninParagraph4?A.QuicktoreactB.HavingathinedgeC.ClearanddefiniteD.suddenandrapid35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B.EmotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlifE.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.D.Independenceisthekeytoone’ssuccess.

TheiPhonetheiPadandtheiPoD.EachofApple'sproductssoundscoolandhasbecomeafashion.Applehascleverlytakenadvantageofthepoweroftheletteriandmanyotherbrandsarefollowingsuit.TheBBC'siPlayerwhichallowsWebuserstowatchTVprogramsontheInternetadoptedthetitlein2008.A.lovelybearpopularintheUSandUKthatplaysmusicandvideoiscallediTeddy.A.slimmed-downversionofLondon'sIndependentnewspapercameoutlastweekunderthenamei.Ingeneralsingle-letterprefixeshavebeenpopularsincethe1990swhentermssuchase-mailande-commercefirstcameintousE.MostiproductsareaimedatyoungpeopleandconsideringthemajorreadersofIndependent’siitisnosurprisethatthey'vechosenthisfashionablenamE.Butit'shardtoseewhat'ssospecialabouttheletteri.Whynotuseaborcinstead?AccordingtoTonyThorneheadoftheLanguageCenteratKing'sCollegeLondoniworksbecauseitsmeaninghasbecomeambiguous.WhenAppleusesinooneknowswhetheritmeansInternetinformationindividualorinteractiveMr.ThornetoldBBCMagazinesEvenwhenApplecreatedtheiPaditseemsitdidn'thaveonecleardefinition.HoweverthankstoApplethetermisnowassociatedwithportability轻便addsThornE.ClearlytheletterialsoagreeswiththeideathattheWesternWorldiscenteredontheindividual.Eachpersonbelievestheyhavetheirownneedsandtheylovepersonalizedproductsforthisreason.AlongwithGoogleandTwitterreadersofBBCMagazinesvotediasoneofthetop20wordsthathavecometodefinethelastdecadE.Butashistoryshowsfashionscomeandgo.Fromthe1900sto1990sproductswith2000intheirnamesbecamefashionableastheyearwasassociatedwithallthingsadvancedandmodern.HoweverasweenteredthenewcenturythetrendinevitablydisappeareD.12.PeopleusetheiPlayerto_________.A.listentomusicB.makeacallC.readnewspapersD.watchTVprogramsonline13.FromthepassageweknowthattheIndependent’siisaimedat_________.A.oldreadersB.youngreadersC.fashionablewomenD.engineers14.Nowadaystheitermoftenremindspeopleoftheproductswhichare_________.A.portableB.advancedC.recyclableD.environmentallyfriendly15.Theauthorofthepassagewouldprobablyagreethat__________.A.iproductsareoftenofhighqualityB.alliproductshavesomethingtodowithInternetC.thepopularityofiproductsmaynotlastlongD.theiTeddyisalivebear

Somecountrieshavealargenumberofearthquakes.JapanisoneofthemwhileothersdonothavemanyforexampletherearefewearthquakesinBritain.ThereisoftenagreatnoiseduringanearthquakE.Thegroundvibrates颤动.Housesfalldown.Railwaysarebrokenwhichcausestrainstoturnover.Sometimesthousandsofpeoplearekilledindifferentways.About60000werekilledin1783inthesouthofItaly.Somepeoplesaythatearthquakesoftenhappennearvolcanoes火山butitisnottruE.ThecentersofsomeearthquakesareundertheseA.Thebottomoftheseasuddenlymoves.Thepowerfulforcesinsidetheearthbreaktherocks.Thecoastisshakenandgreatwavesappear.Thesewavestravellongdistancesandrushoverthelandwhentheyreachitbreakingdownhousesandotherbuildings.Sometimestheybreakmorebuildingsthantheearthquakeitself.AterribleearthquakehappenedinAssamIndiain1986.ThelandnearShillongsuddenlymoved1.5feettoonesideandthenbackagain.Itcontinuedtoactlikethis20timesaminutE.Fewbuildingscouldstandwhatwashappeningandthegreatstonesflewfourfeetupintotheair.Whatkindofbuildingstaysupbestinanearthquake?TheAmericanscarefullystudiedtheresultsoftheearthquakeatSanFrancisco1906andbelieveditbestforbuildingstobemadewithconcrete混凝土wallstogetherbysteelframes.Sucharethebuildingsthatcan'tburnorfalleasily.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Trains'turningoveriscausedbytheearthquakes.B.SomeearthquakeshavetheircentersundertheseA.C.Itisn'tcertainthatearthquakeshappennearvolcanoes.D.Buildingswithconcretewallsarebetteragainstearthquakes.7.Earthquakesoftenhappen___________.A.nearvolcanoesB.BothA.andD.C.inBritainD.inJapan8.___________makesmorelossthantheearthquakeitself.A.NothingB.VolcanoesC.ForcesinsidetheearthD.Terriblewavesbytheearthquake9.Whenanearthquakehappens____________canbehearD.A.trainsB.thousandsofpeopleC.agreatnoiseD.thepowerfulforces

InNewYorkstudentsat18schoolsparticipateinaprogramcalledWeFutureCyclE.StartedbyAnnaGiordanoin2014itteacheskidstorecyclecompost制成堆肥andreducefoodwastE.Lunchareasattheparticipatingschoolsareequippedwiththreeclearlymarkedbins-compostrecycleandsharE.Whilethefirsttwoarecommoninschoolsthethirdisrarewherekidscanputtheirunwanteddrinksfruitsandevenuntouchedsandwiches.Itemsinthecontainerareavailableforanystudentthatwantsthem.Whateverremainsattheendofthedayisdonatedtothefoodbank.Giordanosaysthethreebinshavehelpedreducethenunoftrashbagsfromanaverageof22tojust2!Toensurekidsadoptsimilarhabitsathomethenon-profithascreatedextensivecurriculumtoeducatefamiliesabouttheimportanceofsortingwasteintotheproperstreamsofrecyclingcompostingtrashandfoodt0donate-Theyalsourgeparentshaveconvcrsationswiththeirkidsaboutfoodchoices.Butaswe'reallawarekidsaren'tonlyonesthatWastefood-adultsareepuallybadifnotworse!TopreventthatJoshTreuhaftfoundedSalvageSupperclubin2014.Theoccasionallyorganizeddinnerspromisepeopleatastymulti-courscmealforamere550USDperperson.Itisalsoaplantosavewastebecausethedeliciousfoodismadefromvegetablesthatarepasttheirprimeandthereforeheadedforthetrashbin.Theothercatch?Customershavetoeattheirmealsinsideadumpster大型垃圾装卸车!Theplaceofcourseistotallyclean.ItisiustasymbolicgesturE.InadditiontohelpingpeoplerethinktheiractionsTreuhaftalsohelpsthemtodogoodbydonatingpartoftheprofitstonon-profitsdevotedtofightingagainstfoodwastE.32.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A.TheimportanceofsavingfooD.B.WaystoformthehabitofsavingfooD.C.PositivemovestoreducefoodwastE.D.ThereasonsforcallingonpeopletosharefooD.33.FromthesecondparagraphwecaninferthatA.studentsaremoregenerousB.theprogramenjoysasuccessinschoolsC.foodiswastedseriouslyinallschoolsD.studentsshownointerestintheprogram34.WhatdoweknowaboutWeFutureCycle?A.Ithasaverylonghistory.B.Itdonatesitsprofitstoschools.C.Iteducatesparentsaswellaschildren.D.Itoccasionallyprovidespeoplewithfreedinner.35.WhatisthesignificanceofeatinginadumpsteraccordingtoTreuhaft?A.Itisnicerandcleaner.B.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itcansavemuchmoneyandenergy.D.Itcanhelppeoplethinkaboutthefoodwasteproblem.

DietCokedietPepsidietpillsno-fatdietvegetabledietWearesurroundedbytheworddieteverywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologically心理andphysically.Dietproductsgreatlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevelwearenotallowingourbraintoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweightbutincontrollingtheamountoffattyhigh-calorieunhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale秤insteaD.Allwehavetodoistorecognizetheworddietinfoodlabels.Onanotherleveldietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrinkwearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon’thavetoworktogetresults.DietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpainandthatlifecanbewithoutstrugglE.ThedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonusbutalsointhephysicalharmthattheycausE.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseeatingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients.Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorieonlybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts.DietproductsmaynotbenutritionalandthechemicalsthatgointodietproductsarepossiblydangerousinthefuturE.Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonusitistimetoseriouslythinkaboutbuyingthem.Losingweightliesinthepowerofmindsnotinthepowerofchemicals.Oncewerealizethiswewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproductsandthereforepreventthepsychologicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.65.FromParagraph1welearnthat__________.A.dietproductsfailtobringoutpeople’spotentialB.peoplehavedifficultyinchoosingdietproductsC.dietproductsaremisleadingpeopleD.peoplearetiredofdietproducts66.Onepsychologicaleffectofdietproductsisthatpeopletendto_________.A.tryoutavarietyofdietfoodsB.thinktwicebeforetheyenjoydietfoodsC.payattentiontotheirowneatinghabitsD.watchtheirweightratherthantheirdiet67.Dietproductsindirectlyharmpeoplephysicallybecausesuchproducts______.A.areover-takenB.areshortofbasicnutrientsC.havenochemicalsD.providetoomuchenergy68.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.B.C.D.CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point次要点C:Conclusion结论

ItiswidelyacknowledgedthatcitieswithsomekindoffunctioningecosystemsmakeforbetterplacesforhumanstolivE.MoreplantsandanimalsincitiesmakeforhappierhealthierpeoplE.AstudyconductedongreenspacesinSheffieldEnglandforinstancerevealedthatthegreaterthebiodiversity生物多样性thegreaterthepsychologicalwell-being健康ofthecity’scitizens.InParisresearchersfoundthatgettingcitizenstotakepartinday-longactivitiesinvolvingurbanwildlifeopenedtheireyestothenaturalworldforatimeatleast.FewcitieshavebeenassociatedwithurbanecologyforaslongasBerlin.SloweconomicrecoveryaftertheSecondWorldWarmeantthatreconstructionwouldtakealongtimE.Thisprovidedlocalecologistswiththeidealconditionstodevelopanambitiousecologicalresearchprograminthebombed-outwastelandsofWestBerlinsaidJensLachmundasociologistattheUniversityofMaastrichtintheNetherlands.ThepioneeringworkinBerlinhadseveralconsequencesespeciallytheformationofsignificantnaturalspaceswithinthecitysuchastheS.üdgel?ndeNaturePark.BerlinhasindeedbenefittedalotfrombeingacasestudyinurbanecologysaidLachmunD.TherecentresearchconductedbyMarkGoddardabiologistattheUniversityofLeedsandhiscolleaguesconfirmedtheimportanceofnaturalspaceswithinanurbansetting.GoddardandhisteamconductedastrikingglobalanalysisofbirdandplantdiversityquantifyingtheinfluenceofurbanizationonlevelsofbiodiversityaroundtheworlD.Functioningurbanecosystemswillbeextremelyimportanttohumanhealthandwell-beingsaidGoddarD.Citiestakeupjust3%ofthelandsurfaceareayetaccordingtothemostrecentfigurefromtheUnitedNationssome3.6billionpeoplejustover50%oftheglobalpopulationnowliveinurbanareas.By2050thisfigureisexpectedtoriseto6.3billion.WithoutanimalsandplantstokeepuscompanyitisadarkfuturE.28.ThefindingsinParagraph2arementionedtoexplainthelinkbetween________.A.citizensandtheirwell-beingB.greenspacesandurbanwildlifeC.urbanecologyandcitizens’well-beingD.functioningecosystemsandthenaturalworld29.WhatwouldbeGoddard’sattitudetowardsBerlin’swork?A.Cautious.B.NegativE.C.Uncaring.D.Admiring.30.Theauthorusesfiguresinthelastparagraphtoshow________.A.thenegativeeffectofoverpopulationB.theimportanceofurbanecosystemsC.theseriousproblemsofcitylifeD.therapidgrowthofurbanareas31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Shouldmorepeopleliveinurbanareas?B.ShouldBerlinhavemorenaturalspaces?C.Shouldcitiesbeforanimalsandplantstoo?D.Shouldtheglobalpopulationbecontrollednow?

Thefactthattreesarevitaltoourlifeisnosecret.Theyprovideuswithfoodwoodandmostimportantlyoxygen.Nowthereisonemorethingyoucanaddtothislist-blockingoutharmfulbacteriafromwater.ThediscoverywaspointedoutbyateammadeupofscientistsfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMITandhighschoolstudentwhowereseekinganaturalwaterfilter—onethatwouldhelpcommunitiesindevelopingcountriesthatarenotequippedwithmodernwatersystems.TheresearchersledbyRohitKarnikaprofessoratMITdecidedtoturntotreesforhelpbecausetheyallowliquidtoflowthroughwhileblockingoutairbubbles.Theybeganbycutting1.5-inch-widesectionsoftreebarkfromthebranchesofawhitepinetreE.Theresearchersthentestedthewood'sfilteringabilitybypouringwatercontainingreddyeparticles粒子ofdifferentsizesthrough.Totheirastonishmenttheyfoundthatitwaseffectiveintrappingalltheparticles.EncouragedtheteamconductedanotherexperimentthistimewithwaterthatcontainedbacteriA.Sureenoughthesapwood边材heldback99%ofthebacteriaallowingonly1%toflowthrough.Mr.Karniksaysthatthebarkwasabletofilterwatercontainingmuchsmallerparticles.Thismeansthatbarkscanbeusedtogetridofamajorityofbacteriasincemostareatleast10timesaswidE.Howeverwhattroublesthemisthattreebarksaren’tblockingoutviruseswhichtendtobemuchsmaller.Alsowhilethepinesapwoodiseffectivewemustrememberonething—itonlyworkswhenitismoist.Thismeansthatbeforethisnaturalfiltercanbeputtopracticalusetheresearcherswillhavetofigureouthowtokeepthewooddamporfindawaytokeepthebark'sgreatfilteringcapabilityevenwhenit'sdry!Buttheteamisnotdoneyet.Theyplanontestingothertypesofsapwoodincludingthosefromfloweringtreeswhichhavesmallerpores气孔.Theythinkthatthesemaybemoreeffectiveintrappingsmallerparticlesandevenviruses32.Howcouldthescientists’discoveryabouttreesaffectsomedevelopingcountries?A.MorepinetreeswillbeplanteD.B.Bacteriawillberemovedfromwater.C.Peoplewon’tworryaboutwaterpollution.D.CleanwaterwillbecomemoreaccessiblE.33.Intheexperimentstheresearchers________.A.foundtreebarkscan’tgetridofvirusesB.usedwatercontainingparticlesofsimilarsizeC.weresurprisedtreebarksremoveallthebacteriaD.madesuremostparticleswerebiggerthanbacteria24.Theunderlinedwordmoistinthepassageprobablymeans________.A.hotB.coldC.dryD.wet35.Theteamisgoingtoconductotherexperimentsto________.A.searchformorekindsofwoodbarksB.findawaytokeepthewooddampC.improvethefilteringabilityoftreesD.testthefilteringabilityofothertrees