June 26, 2000 ― the Human Genome(基因组) Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans, is now more than 90 percent completeD. The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging(延长) human lifE. But those communities and policymakers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of lifE.For the last few years, the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology have provides material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the popular imagination.While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding(解码) human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with terrible diseases as yet, and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses. 61. Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome?A. Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.B. Because the human genome's completion can help them get rid of many diseases.C. Because they wanted to be better known than others.D. Because the human genome can provide a lot of chances of work.62. Which country studied the genes most rapidly in the world?A. Japan. B. Germany. C. The United States. D. China.63. Which of the following is NOT true?A. If the genes can be found, scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.B. The scientists have made great progress in connecting the genes with the cancers.C. Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.D. The United States began the Genes Study early in the 19th century.64. The author suggests that the Human Genome Project can cause _______.A. the policy makers to feel very worried and careful B. the scientists to work harderC. many people to find work easily D. a lot of companies to produce many new drugs65. The main idea of this article is about _______.A. unlocking genetic code B. the genes' discoveryC. the great human genome D. the genes and the scientists

PARTTHREEREADINGCOMPREHENSIONDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedABC.andD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassagE.ASwayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewaterandsugar-whitesandmakebeachloverssighwithdelight.Butnotallbeacheshavethoseingredients.Themostinterestingbeachescomeindifferentshapessizesandcolors.ThosewhowantbeautyandsomethinguniquecangototheSeychelles’LaDigueIslanD.Largegranite花岗岩rockformationsoverlookbeautifulwhite-sandbeaches.Thepinkish-greyrockslooklikesculpturesthathavebeenforgottenonthebeach.TouriststravelingtoLaDigueIslandtoseetheuniquerockswillalsodiscoveroneoftheworld’smostbeautifulislands.Hawaii’sBigIslandhasoneoftherarestbeachesofall—abeachmadeupentirelyofgreensanD.Thesandwhichisformedbydarkgreencrystalscalledolivine橄榄石isdeposited堆积byvolcanicactivity.GreenSandBeachliesontheslopesoftheworld’slargestactivevolcanoMaunaLoA.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesliesontheislandofSantoriniGreecE.ThesandonRedBeachgetsitsreddishcolorfromtheredvolcanicrocksthatmakeupthecliffs悬崖aroundthebeach.Touristsflock蜂拥toseetheredsandmakingRedBeachoneofSantorini’smostpopularbeachdestinations.BlacksandmakesupthehugebeachofKarakarE.ThroughtheyearsvolcanicsandmixedwithironashtoformthisblackbeachonNewZealand’swildwestcoast.Withallthebeautifulbeachesintheworldbeachlovershavelotsofchoices.Butforthosereadyforsomethingdifferentauniquebeachvacationmightbejusttheticket!56.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Oneoftheworld’smostunusualbeachesB.BeachlovershavingmorechoicesC.A.uniquebeachvacationD.Uniquebeachesaroundtheworld57.Accordingtothetext______wouldberegardedasthegeneralcharacteristicsofbeautifulbeaches.A.swayingpalmtreesturquoise-bluewatersugar-whilesandB.rockswhitesandpinkish-greyrockssculpturesC.greensandslopesofanactivevolcanoD.blacksandironashwildcoast58.BeachesontheislandofSantoriniareredbecauseof_______.A.thecliffsaroundthebeachB.thelargegraniterocksC.theredvolcanicrocksD.crystalscalledolivine59.Ifyouwanttoseepinkish-greyrocksthengoto_______.A.SantoriniGreeceB.Seychelles’LaDigueIslandC.Hawaii’sBigIslandD.NewZealand60.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Differentbeacheshavedifferentcolors.B.Differentplaceshavedifferentbeaches.C.Whitesandandbluewaterarethemaincharacteristicsofbeaches.D.Peoplehavemanychoicesforbeachvacations.

Thereisabrownfemale母的Canadianduckthatweighsonlyfourhundredfiftygrams.TheduckhadflowntothesouthernstateofFloridaforthewinter.AhuntershotitonJanuaryfifteenthandtookittohishomeinthecityofTallahasseE.Heputitintherefrigerator冰箱.Twodayslatertheman’swifeopenedtherefrigeratordoor.Theducklifteditsheadandlookedather.Itwasalive!Thefamilytooktheducktoadoctorwhotreatsanimals.ThedoctorgavetheducktotheGooseCreekAnimalSanctuary动物保护区.AnimalsanctuariesprovidehomesforanimalsandteachpeopleabouttheircarE.ThedoctorsaiditwaseasytounderstandwhypeoplethoughttheduckwasdeaD.Hesaidducksgenerallydonotmovea1otespeciallyafterbeingshot.Andhesaiditslowbodytemperaturehelpeditsurviveintherefrigerator.ThatwasenoughtomaketheduckfamousaroundtheworlD.TheTallahasseenewspaperpublishedthestorythatwasre-printedinmanydifferentcountries.Butthatwasnottheendofthestory.WorkersatthewildlifesanctuarynamedtheduckPerky.Andtheygotthedoctortogiveanoperationtorepairtheduck’sdamagedwing.DuringtheoperationPerkystoppedbreathing--notjustoncebuttwotimes.ThedoctortriedtosavePerkybygivingheroxygen.ButhefinallysaidtheduckhaddieD.AfewsecondslaterhoweverPerkybegantomovE.ReportssaythepeopleintheoperatingroomweresohappythattheycrieD.WorkersatthewildlifesanctuarysayPerkywillnothaveanymoreoperations.Itseemsthedrugsthatwereusedhadside-effectsonher.Perkyisexpectedtoliveatthesanctuary.AndalocalcompanyhasbeguntosellT-shirtsshowingapictureoftheluckyduck.MoneyfromthesaleoftheshirtswillhelppayforPerky’scarE.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Animalsanctuariesarehomesspeciallyforwoundedanimals.B.Thehuntershottheduckinthewing.C.Ducksdonotmoveatallforthewholewinter.D.Thehunter’swifeintendedtofreetheduckintherefrigerator.TheunderlinedWordThatinthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat______.A.theducksurvivedtheshotandthecoldintherefrigeratorB.thehunterhadsavedtheduckbyfreezingitC.thehuntershottheduckfromCanadaD.theTallahasseenewspaperpublishedthestoryTheduckinthestory______.A.wasbigandstrongB.flewtoFloridaforfoodC.stayedintherefrigeratortokeepitsbodytemperaturelowD.wasconsidereddeadbeforebeingputintherefrigeratorWhatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SavetheDuckB.TheLuckyDuckC.StopKillingDucksD.ThePoorDuckItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_______.A.thelocalcompanywillgetlargeprofitsbysellingtheT-shirtsB.itwasillegalformehuntertoshoottheduckC.theduckislikelytobewellcaredforinthesanctuaryD.PerkylikesFloridabetterthanCanada

CSometimeswecrybecausewearesadandsometimesbecauseweareextremelyhappy.Anirritant刺激物suchasonion洋葱smellorgrainsofsandintheeyecanalsomakecry.InthiscasetearsperformanobviousroleingettingridofsubstancesthatmightharmthesurfaceoftheeyE.Dr.WilliamFreyoftheDryEyeandTearResearchCenteratSt.PaulinMinnesotaUSAbelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayperformasimilarrolE.Hethinksthatcryingcouldgetridofemotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions.Toprovehistheoryhehopesfirsttoidentifythischemicalandthenseeifitisfoundintearsofsadnessorhappiness.SofarDr.FreyhasfailedtofindoutthedifferencebetweenemotionaltearsandtearscausedbyanirritantintheeyE.Thismaybebecausethesesubstancesthemselvescauseadegreeofstressandemotion.Whathehasidentifiedinalltearsisavarietyofbiochemicals生化物whichareoneofthecausesofstress.Amoredetailedstudymayhelpusunderstandwhysufferersfromstress-relateddisorderscrylessoftenthanhealthypeoplE.Dr.Freyisalsoveryinterestedtoseeifthereareanyphysiological生理学的explanationsforwhywomeningeneralcryfivetimesmoreoftenthanmenonaveragE.64.ThemainpurposeofDr.Frey’sstudyoftearsistoA.showthattherearetwotypesoftearscausedbyirritantsandbyemotionsB.findoutthecauseofstress-relatedproblemsandemotionaldisordersC.explainwhywomencrymoreoftenthanmenD.provethattearscanremoveachemicalinthebloodcausedbystrongemotions65.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Tearsfailtohelpgetridofemotionalstress.B.Irritantsintheeyeresultintearswithoutcausingstressandemotion.C.Healthypeoplecrymoreoftenthanthosewithstress-relatedproblems.D.ThebiochemicalidentifiedbyDr.Freyhasnothingtodowithstress.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.cryingdoesusmoreharmthangoodB.innerfeelingsdon’taffectourbodiesC.sorrowmaycausesomechemicalsinourbloodD.emotionaltearsaredifferentfromtearscausedbyirritantsintheeye67.Dr.Freybelievesthattearsfromemotionalcausesmayplayaroleingettingridof______.A.emotionalstressbywashingawayachemicalinthebloodB.onionsmellorgrainsofsandC.sufferingsfromirritantsD.substancesthatmightnotharmthesurfaceoftheeye

Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterallyouprobablysingorwhistlewhenyouarehappy.Somescientistsbelievethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.However;theysingmostofthetimeforaverydifferentreason.Theirsingingisactuallyawarningtootherbirdstostayoutoftheirterritory.Doyouknowwhataterritoryis?Aterritoryisanareathatananimalusuallythemaleclaims声称asitsown.Onlyheandhisfamilyarewelcomethere.Nootherfamiliesofthesamespecies物种arewelcome.Youryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcome.Ifastrangershouldenteryourterritoryandthreatenyouyoumightshout.Probablythiswouldbeenoughtofrightenhimaway.Ifsoyouhaveactuallyscaredthestrangerawaywithouthavingtofighthim.Abirddoesthesamething.Butheexpectsanoutsideralmostanytimeespeciallyatnesting筑巢season.Soheisscreamingallthetimewhetherhecanseeanoutsiderornot.Thisscreamingiswhatwecallabird’ssonganditisusuallyenoughtokeepanoutsideraway.Birdssingloudestinthespringwhentheyaretryingtoattractamateandwarnothersnottoentertheterritoryoftheirs.Youcanseethatbirdshavealanguagealltheirown.Mostofithastodowithattractingmatesandsettingupterritories.56.Somescientistsbelievethatmostofthetimebirds’singingisactually.A.anexpressionofhappinessB.awayofwarningC.anexpressionofangerD.awayofgreeting57.Whatisabird’sterritory?A.AplacewherefamiliesofotherspeciesarenotaccepteD.B.AplacewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoicE.C.Anareaforwhichbirdsfightagainsteachother.D.Anareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsown.58.Whydobirdskeeponsingingatnestingseason?A.Becausetheywanttoinvitemorefriends.B.Becausetheirsinginghelpsfrightenoutsidersaway.C.BecausetheywanttofindoutsidersarounD.D.Becausetheirsinginghelpsgetridoftheirfears.56.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylifE.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.

FallingandgravityAbout400yearsagoCaltleonoticedthatobjectsspeeduporaccelerateastheyfall.HefoundthatheavyandlightthingsofthesameshapeandsizetakethesametimetofalltothegrounD.Gravitypullsthen-*downequally.Trythisforyourselfwithdifferentobjectslikeaslipper:andaheavyboot.AirresistanceObjectsofdifferentshapesandsizesfallatdifferentrates.Theshapeofaparachutemakespeoplefallmoreslowly.Theairpushingagainsttheparachutecausesalotofairresistance*.A.personwithoutaparachutefallsfasterbecauselessairpushesagainstthem.Thefastersomethingfallsthemoreairresistancethereisonit.Eventuallytheairresistanceslowingitdownbecomesasstrongasthepullofgravity.Thenitsspeednolongerchanges.ThisiscalledterminalspeeD.FreefallIftherewerenoairtherewouldbenoairresistancE.Allfallingobjectswouldjustgetfasterandfasterfreefall.67.Fallingobjectsarepulleddowntothegroundby.A.gravityB.resistanceC.speedD.acceleration加速度68.Whydopeoplemakeparachutes降落伞?A.Tolookprettyandcolourfulintheair.B.ToslowdownthefallingspeeD.C.Topushagainsttheairinthesky.D.Toacceleratethefallingmovement.69.WhichdidGalileodiscover?A.A.heavyballfallsfasterthanalightball.B.A.lightballfallsfasterthanaheavyball.C.A.lightballandaheavyballfallatthesamespeedD.A.lightballandaheavyballfallatdifferentspeeD.70.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageA.HeavyandlightobjectsfallequallywhentheyaredifferentinsizE.B.WhenairresistanceequalsgravityobjectsfallatterminalspeeD.C.Withoutair;allfallingobjectsgetfasterandfasteratthesameratE.D.Slippers拖鞋andboots靴子fallatthesamespeedbecausetheyhavethesameshape

Forceotherthandamagingwindsarealsoatworkinsidetornadoes.Sometimesastheturningjumpingfunnel漏斗passesoverahousethewallsandceilingburstapartasifabombhadgoneoffinsidE.Thisexplosion爆炸iscausedbythelowairpressureatthecenterofatornado.Thepressureatthecenterofatornadoisusually13poundspersquareinch.Howeverinsidethehousetheairpressureisnormalabout15poundspersquareinch.Thedifferenceof2poundspersquareinchbetweentheinsideandoutsidepressuremaynotseemlikemuch.Butsupposeatornadofunnelpassesoverasmallbuildingthatmeasures20by10by10feet.Oneachsquareinchofthebuildingthereis2poundsofpressurefromtheinsidethatisnotbalancedbyairpressureoutsidethebuilding.Ontheceilingthataddsuptoanunbalancedpressureof57600pounds.Thepressureonthefourwallsaddsupto172800pounds.Ifwindowsareopeninthebuildingsomeoftheinsideairwillrushoutthroughthem.Thiswillbalancethepressureinsideandoutsidethebuilding.Butifthewindowsareshuttightlythegreatinsidepressuremaycausethebuildingtoburst.Unfortunatelyheavyrainhappensinthunderstormsthatlaterproducetornadoes.Sopeopleoftenshutallwindowstoprotecttheirproperty.Thismaycausefarworsedamagelater.63.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.WheretornadoesareformeD.B.Whentornadoesusuallyoccur.C.HowtornadoescanbepreventeD.D.WhytornadoescausesomuchdamagE.64.Accordingtothepassagetornadoescandestroybuildingbecausethe_____.A.forceofatornadoincreasestheairpressureinabuildingB.airpressureatthecenterofatornadoisover172000poundsC.weightofatornadocancrushabuilding’sroofwhenitpassesoverheadD.airpressureinsideatornadoislessthantheairpressureinsideabuilding65.Accordingtothepassagethepressureonabuildingduringatornadocanbereducedby_____.A.closingthewindowsB.openingthewindowsC.usinganelectricfanD.makingtheroofandwallsstronger

Despitethefactthatithasneverbeenseenalmosteveryoneisfamiliarwiththelegendaryunicorn独角兽.Descriptionsofunicornshavebeenfounddatingfromancienttimes.ThegreatphilosopherAristotletheorizedthatthereweretwotypesofunicorn---theso-calledIndianAssandtheOryxakindofantelopE.Unicornsareoftenusedinthelogoofanoblefamilytowncounciloruniversityastheirspecialsign.EvenScotlandisrepresentedbyaunicorn.AccordingtothelegendanyoneattemptingtocatchaunicornhadtobeextremelycautiousasithasareputationforbeingveryfiercE.A.clevertricksuggestedbyunicorn-trappersinordertocatchthismagnificentbeastwithoutbeinghurtbyitshornwasforthehuntertostandinfrontofatreeandthentomovequicklybehinditastheunicornchargeD.HopefullythecreaturecouldthenbecapturedwhenitshornwasstuckinthetreE.Whenhollowedoutandusedasadrinking-cuptheunicorn’shornwassaidtohavethepowertoofferprotectionagainstperson.Itwasbelievedthatnobodycouldbeharmed-bydrinkingthecontentsofaunicorn’shorn.RightupuntiltheFrenchRevolutionin1789theFrenchcourtwassaidtohaveusedcupsmadeofunicornhorninordertoprotecttheking.InadditionthehornwassaidtohavemedicinalvaluesomuchsothatitcouldbesoldformorethantentimesthepriceofthesameweightofgolD.Whatthenwasunicornhorn?Weknowattimestherhino犀牛wasconfusedwiththislegendarycreaturE.A.drinking-cupsupposedlymadeofunicornhornwasdiscoveredtobemadeofthehornofarhino.56.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheunicorn?A.ItwasnothistoricallyrecordedB.ItshornwasfirstusedinFranceC.ItwassimilartotheIndianAssandtheOryxD.Itcouldbethesymbolofauniversity57.Tocatchaunicorntheunicorn-trappershadtotryallofthefollowingEXCEPT____.A.temptingtheunicorntoattackB.makinguseofthetreeasaprotectionC.hidingquicklybehindtheunicornD.havingtheunicornhornstuckinthetree58.Thelastparagraphismainlyabout____.A.thepropertiesoftheunicornhornB.theusersoftheunicornhornC.thepriceoftheunicornhornD.thecomparisonbetweentheunicornhornandtherhinohorn59.Inthelastparagraphthewordunicornisinquotationmarks引号because_____.A.thecupisdesignedonlyforaroyalfamilyB.theunicorndoesnotexistinrealityC.theunicornistherarestanimalintheworldD.themedicinalvalueofthehornisappreciated

NativetoAmericathecanetoad癞蛤蟆wasintroducedtonorthernQueensland70yearsagotocontrolsugarcanebeetles甘蔗害虫.ThetoadsfailedinthatdutybutspreadacrossQueenslandandintoneighboringnorthernareA.Nowitcalmlyinvades侵略thestatesofWesternAustraliaandNewSouthWalesNSW.NSWwildlifeexpertsfeartheamphibians--whichhavepoisonousbacksthatkillhungrypredators食肉动物--willhaveaterribleeffectonnativeanimals.ThosefearsmaybeabouttoberealizeD.Australia’sleadinggovernmentresearchbodytheCommonwealthScienceandIndustryResearchorganizationCSIROforecastsariseinaveragetemperaturesthatwillmakeNSWideallivingplaceforthecanetoaD.TonyRobinsonheadofCSIRO’sWildlifePestsandDiseasesProgramsaidclimatechangeisincreasingtheamountofsuitablelivingplaceforthetoaD.WithclimatechangethecanetoadsmightgodownasfarasSydneyandsomeareasofWesternAustraliaRobinsonsaiD.Recentestimatesputthepaceofthetoad’swestwardmarchatnearly17miles27kilometersayearandslightlyslowerfromnorthtosouth.MoresoutherlycitiessuchasMelbourneandAdelaidewouldlikelyremaintoocoldanddrytoeversuitthetoadsRobinsonnotedbutPerthcouldexpectcanetoadsinfiveyears’timE.Sydneycouldseetheirarrivalinthenext20years.Robinsonsaidthereisno0nemethodthatwillkeepthetoadsundercontrol.ThecanetoadsalreadycoveratleasthalfofQueenslandandmostofthenortherncountrythetoadsarebelievedtonumberinthebillions.AVenezuelanviruswastriedinthe1990sbuthadtobegivenupafteritwasfoundtoalsokillnativefrogspecies.ScientistsandgovernmentalbodiesbelieveanationalapproachisneedeD.Themainthreatthetoadscausetospeciessuchasdingosquollsgoannasandcrocodilesisthepoisoncontainedinglands腺oneachofthefrogs'shoulders.Thepoisonspraysoutwhenthetoadsarethreatenedorhandledroughly.Thepoisonismadeupof14differentchemicals.Togethertheycauserapidheartbeatsexcessivesalivationconvulsionsandparalysis.CanetoadsalsocompeteandusuallywinthehuntforfoodandlivingspacE.IfthegovernmentandotherstatescombineresourcesIbelievewecanachieveaverypracticalbiological-controlresearchprogramBurnssaiD.72.WhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassageA.PoisonToadsLeapAcrossAustraliaB.StrategiesToKeeptheToadsUnderControlC.TheMainThreattheCaneToadsCauseD.ClimateFavourstheSpreadofCaneToads.73.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecanetoadsA.Thecanetoadsarestrongenoughtokilldingosquollsorevencrocodiles.B.With14differentkindsofpoisonsinitsbodyacanetoadalwayswinsthehuntforfooD.C.ThecanetoadwasbroughttoAustraliatokillpestsfromAmerica70yearsago.D.ThetoadsmovewestwardandnorthwardbecausethereisplentyoffoodtherE.74.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.Thecanetoadbitesitsenemydeadwhenitisthreatenedorhandledrudely.B.Thecanetoadhasalreadythreatenedthesurvivalofthenativespecies.C.Scientistsandgovernmentalbodieshaveachievedasuccessfulbiological-controlprogram.D.Thecanetoadlikeswarmandwetweather.75.Theunderlinedwordstheamphibiansinthethirdparagraphmean.A.hungrypredatorsB.sugarcanebeetlesC.thecanetoadsD.dingos

CManyOlderDoctorsPlantoGiveupTheirPracticeTheresultsofanewsurveyindicatethat48percentofphysiciansbetween50and65yearsofageareplanningtoreduceorendtheirclinicalpracticeinthenextlto3years.Thefindingsalsosuggestthatmanyolderphysiciansbelievethattheiryoungercounterpartsdonothavetheworkethictheydo.ThesurveywhichwasconductedbyMerrittHawkins＆AssociatesaTexas-basedphysiciansearchandconsultingfirmsuggeststhatmanyolderphysiciansaresimplyunhappywiththechangesthathavetakenplaceinmedicineovertheyears.WhenBabyBoomdoctorsenteredmedicinetheyhadcontroloverhowtheypracticedandthefeetheychargeD.Buttheruleschangedontheminmid-streamandnowmanyarelookingforaticketoutMarkSmithexecutivevicepresidentofMerrittHawkins＆Associatessaidinastatement.OurstudyistheonlyoneIamawareofthatexaminesthecareerplansofphysiciansinthe50-to-65agegroup.Thisagegrouprepresentsmorethanone-thirdofallphysiciansintheU.S.IftheystopworkinginthecomingyearsitwillhaveasignificantimpactontheoverallsupplyofphysiciansSmithtoldReutersHealth.Theresultsofthesurveywhichincluded1170respondents调查对象showthat24percentofolderphysiciansareplanningtoleaveclinicalpracticealltogetherinthenext1to3years.Specifically14percentsaidtheywereplanningonretiring7percentsaidtheywerelookingforamedicaljobinanon-patientcaresettingand3percentsaidtheywereseekingajobinanon-medicalfielD.Forthosephysiciansnotleavingclinicalpracticemanysaidtheywouldmakechangestoreducethenumberofpatientstheytreat.Forinstance12percentsaidtheywouldbeginworkingpart-time8percentsaidtheyplannedtostoptakingnewpatientsormarkedlyreducetheirpatientloadand4percentexpressedadesiretoworkonatemporarybasis.Whenaskedabouttheworkethicofphysiciansenteringpracticetoday68percentoftherespondentssaidthattheseyoungerdoctorsarenotasdedicatedorashardworkingasphysicianswhoenteredpractice20t030yearsago.Fifty-sevenpercentofolderphysicianssaidtheywouldnotrecommendmedicineasacareertotheirownchildren.Similarly44percentsaidtheywouldnotselectmedicineasacareeriftheywerestartingouttoday.Themostominous不祥的findingisthataboutonehalfofphysicianssurveyedplanttoeitherabandonpatientcareinthenext1to3yearsorsignificantlyreducethenumberofpatientstheyseeSmithsaiD.TheU.S.alreadyisfacingawidespreadshortageofphysicians.Shouldolder‘workhorse'physicianschoosetogiveuppatientcareaccesstomedicalserviceswillbefurtherrestricteD.66.WhichisNOTtrueofphysiciansinthe50-to-65agegroupintheU.S.?A.Theyaremostlybabyboomers.B.Theyhavenothingtocomplainabout.C.ManyofthemplantograduallystoptheirpracticE.D.Theyaccountforoverone-thirdofallphysiciansinthecountry.67.Thesurveywasfocusedon.A.thelivingconditionsofolderphysiciansintheU.S.B.thecareerplansofolderphysiciansintheU.S.C.theretirementplansofolderphysiciansintheU.S.D.theachievementsofolderphysiciansintheU.S.68.ManyolderphysiciansintheU.S.viewtheworkethicoftheiryoungercounterparts.A.withappreciationB.withdisapprovalC.withjealousD.withindifference69.Intheeyesofmanyolderphysiciansmedicine.A.comesfirstintheirchoiceofacareerfortheirchildrenB.remainstheirlifelongpursuitC.isnotasgoodacareerasitusedtobeD.ismoredemandingthanitusedtobe70.IfmanyolderphysiciansstopworkinginthecomingyearsAmericanswillhave.A.evenlessaccesstomedicalservicesB.evenbetterpatientcareC.ashortageofyoungerphysiciansD.morejobopportunities

Toucans巨嘴鸟akindoftropicalbirdsknownforitscolorfulbeakareverysmart.InMexicomydadbecamefriendswithatoucanthatwasinawalkinandseethebirdscagE.Thetoucanwassosmartthatitknewhowtogetout.Itjustneededsomehumantohelpit.Italmostflewoutwhilewewereleaving!Ialsonoticedthatalltoucanshavedifferentbeaks!TheyalsohaveverylonguniquebeakswithanextremelylongtonguE.Itstruts大摇大摆地走aroundwithitscheststickingoutandbeakpointedforwarD.Thetoucanisabeautifulbird!Thebeakhasaredtipdifferentshadesoneveryonebutsometimesthereisalittleturquoiseonthebottomhalf.Thenrightwherethebeakseparatesthereisasplotchofyellow.Andtherestofthebeakisgreen.Thetoucantakesverymuchprideofitself.Thetoucaneatsfruitandseeds.Theramphastidaethetoucanfamilyisknownforitslongbeakand37species.Toucansalsofeedoninsectssmalllizardsbirdnestlingsandeggs.Theynestinhollowtreeswheretheyincubateandcarefortheiryoung.Theyarefoundinthewoodyareas.OfthevarioustoucanfactshereisanoddonE.CitizensofCentralandSouthAmericaassociatethetoucanswithevilspirits.Theythinkthebirdscanbethepersonificationofevils.Wherecouvades父代母育ispracticedthefatherofanewchildmustnoteattoucanfleshasitisbelievedtobewitchthenew-bornchilD.Yetthetoucancanalsobeatribaltotem图腾.SothemedicinemenuseitasasymboltoflytothespiritworlD.60.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribetoucans?A.IntelligentB.ConfidentC.DangerousD.Colorful61.Thesecondparagraphmainlytalksabout_______.A.wheretoucansstrutaroundB.howtoucansgetfoodC.whattoucanslooklikeD.whentoucanslayeggs62.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordincubateprobablymeaninparagraph3?A.HatcheggsB.TakecoverC.GatherstrengthD.Keepwarm63.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.allcitizensofCentralandSouthAmericaareafraidoftoucansB.thetoucanscanalsobeusedasmedicinetocurediseasesC.anewchildmustnoteattoucanfleshbecauseitispoisonousD.somepeoplebelievetoucanscanbringthemmisfortune

MillionsofpeoplevisitYosemiteNationalParkeveryyeartoseethetallwaterfallsandmountains.Theemountainsareasplendidsightwhenviewedfromthevalleyfloor.Lotsofstoreshotelsandrestaurantsareneededtohandlethecrowds.Alsowaterroadsandotherservicesystemsarepartoftheinfrastructure基础设施thatmustbemaintainedUnfortunatelythesesystemsarestartingtobreakdown.It’snotjustinYosemitebutinnationalparksaroundthenation.YosemiteisthirtyyearsoldaccordingtoDennisGalvinaNationalParkServiceworker.Theparkisnotonlyoldbutwornout.Twoorthreetimesasmanyvisitorscomeeveryyear.Thatistoomanyvisitorsfortheparkstodealwith.FouryearsagoastormwashedoutawaterpipelineintheGrandCanyon.TheNationalParkservicehadtosendwatertruckstoprovidewaterforthevisitors.LastmonthpipesalmostbrokeagainandroadshadtobeclosedforawhilE.Whyhasn’ttheNationalParkServicekeptuptheparkrepairs?Thereisalackofmoney.TheUnitedStateshas378monumentsparksandwildernessareas.Betweenthreeandfourbilliondollarsareneedsforrepairs.Yosemiteisonenationalparkthatdoeshavemoneyforrepairs.Ithastwohundredmilliondollarsbutcannotspenditanywayitchooses.WhentheparkworkersstartedwideningtheroadtheywereforcedtostopbytheSierraCluB.TheclubclaimedthattheroadworkwasdamagingtheMercedRiverthatrunsthroughthepark.AsierraClublawyerJuliaOlsonfeelsthattheinfrastructureneedstobemovedoutofYosemitE.Thatwaylesspressurewillbeputonthealreadycrowdedpark.65.AccordingtothetextthemountainsinYosemitelookmostsplendidwhentheyareappreciatedfrom_______A.thebottomofthevalleysB.thetopofthemountainsC.thesideofthemountainsD.theedgeofthevalleys66.NationalparkslikeYosemiteintheU.S.finditincreasinglydifficulttomeettheneedofvisitorsbecause________AthattransportmanagementneedsimprovingB.theyspendtoomuchontheirservicesystemsC.theirservicesystemsfrequentlygooutoforderD.theyneedhelpfromenvironmentalorganizations67.ThemainproblemofYosemiteNationalParkisits_______A.rundownwaterpipesB.overcrowdednessC.lackofmoneyD.narrowroads68.AccordingtothetexttheSierraClubismostlikelytobe______A.anenvironmentalgroupB.aninformationcenterC.atravelserviceD.alawfirm

Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Well-designedtoolsandequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward别扭的handpositions.Theywillallowtheworkertokeeptheelbows肘nexttothebodytopreventdamagetotheshoulderandarm.Overuseinjuriescanthereforebepreventedorreducediftheemployerprovidesandworkersuse:●powertoolsratherthanhavingtousemuscle肌肉power●toolswithspeciallydesignedhandlesthatallowthewrist手腕tokeepstraight.Thismeansthathandsandwristsarekeptinthesamepositionastheywouldbeiftheywerehangingrelaxedataperson’ssideFigure1.Bendthetoolnotthewrist●toolswithhandlesthatcanbeheldcomfortablybythewholehanD.Thismeanshavingaselectionofsizes—rememberthattoolsthatprovideacomfortablefirmholdforapersonwithaverylargehandmaybeawkwardforsomeonewithaverysmallhanD.Thisisaparticularlyimportantconsiderationforwomenwhomayusetoolsoriginallydesignedformen.●toolsthatdonotpressfingersorfleshbetweenthehandlesandwhosehandlesdonothavesharpedgesorasmallsurfaceareA.60.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.GoodToolDesignforWomenB.ImportanceofGoodToolDesignC.ToolDesignandPreventionofInjuriesD.OveruseofToolsandWorkerProtection61.Whichofthefollowingdescribesawell-designedtool?A.It’skeptclosetothebody.B.Itfullyusesmusclepower.C.ItmakesusersfeelrelaxeD.D.It’soperatedwithlessforcE.62.WhatisFigure1usedtoshow?A.Theeffectiveuseofthetool.B.Thewayofoperatingthetool.C.TheproperdesignofthehandlE.D.Thepurposeofbendingthewrist.63.Inchoosingtoolsforwomen_____ofthehandleisthemostimportant.A.thesizeB.theedgeC.theshapeD.theposition

简答题共3小题每小题2分满分6分阅读下面短文根据第73至第75小题的具体要求简要回答问题Thenorthmagneticpole磁极isnolongeraresidentofCanadA.IthasdriftedacrosstheCanadianArcticandisnowanglingtowardSiberiA.NottobeconfusedwiththegeographicNorthPole—thenorthernextremityoftheEarth’saxis地轴thenorthmagneticpolewheretheEarth’smagneticfieldisdirecteddownwardismovingduetonaturalchangesintheEarth’smagneticfieldaprocessthatoriginatesabout3000kilometersbelowourfeetintheoutercore核心oftheplanet.ButscientistsarenownoticingthatthemagneticpolehaspickedupitspacE.Overthepastcenturythepolehasbeenmigratingatanaveragespeedofabout10kilometersperyearsaysLarryNewittheadofGeomagneticLaboratoryatNaturalResourcesCanadainOttawA.Sincethe1970sthisspeedhasincreasedtoabout50kilometersperyear.ScientistsarewonderingwhythespeedisincreasingsaysNewitt.Onehypothesis假说relatesittomagneticjerkssuddenshifts变化intherateofchangeofthemagneticfielD.TherehavebeenthreejerksinthepastfourdecadeseachonecorrelatingtoanincreasesinspeeD.IfthenorthmagneticpolecontinuesatitscurrentrateitcouldreachSiberiaby2056.FormostofrecordedhistorythepolehasbeenapartofCanadaandnowit’snotsaysNewitt.Itmaybeablowtoourcollectivepsychebutotherthanthatitdoesn’thaveamajoreffectonmostpeople’sexistencE.73.Findinthepassageawordclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordangling.____________________________________________________________74.Whatcouldhappentothenorthmagneticpolebythemiddleofthe21stcentury?回答词数不超过8个____________________________________________________________75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?回答词数不超过8个____________________________________________________________

PITTSBURGHFormostpeoplesnakesseemunpleasantoreventhreatening.ButHowieChosetseesintheirdelicatemovementsawaytosavelives.The37-year-oldCarnegieMellonUniversityprofessorhasspentyearsdevelopingsnake-likerobotshehopeswilleventuallyslidethroughfallenbuildingsinsearchofvictimstrappedafternaturaldisastersorotheremergencies.DanKaraispresidentofRoboticsTrendsaNorthboroMass.-basedcompanythatpublishesanonlineindustrymagazineandrunsroboticstradeshows.Hesaidthereareothersnake-likerobotsbeingdevelopedmainlyatuniversitiesbutdidn’tknowofonethatcouldclimbpipes.TheCarnegieMellonmachinesaredesignedtocarrycamerasandelectronicsensorsandcanbecontrolledwithajoystick操纵杆.Theymovesmoothlywiththehelpofsmallelectricmotorsorservoscommonlyusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanes.Builtfromlightweightmaterialstherobotsareaboutthesizeofahumanarmorsmaller.TheycansensewhichwayisupbutareonlyasgoodastheirhumanoperatorsChosetaddeD.SamStoverasearchtermmanagerwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgencybasedinIndianasaidsnake-typerobotswouldoffergreatermobilitythanequipmentcurrentlyavailablesuchascamerasattachedtoextendableroles.Itjustallowsustodosomethingwe’vebeenabletodobeforeStoversaidWeneededthemyesterday.Hesaidsnifferdogsarestillthebestsearchtoolforrescueworkersbutthattheycanonlybeusedeffectivelywhenworkershaveaccesstodamagedbuilding.Stoveramongtherescueworkerswhohandledtheaftermath后果ofHurricaneKatrinasaidsnakerobotswouldhavehelpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesinthatdisaster.Chosetsaidtherobotsmaynotbereadyforuseforanotherfivetotenyearsdependingonfunding.72.WhichinstitutionisresponsibleforthedevelopmentofChoset’srobots?A.RoboticsTrends.B.PittsburghCityCouncil.C.CarnegieMellonUniversity.D.FederalEmergencyManagementAgency.73.Chosetbelievesthathisinvention______.A.canbeattachedtoanelectronicarmB.canbeusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanesC.canfindvictimsmorequicklythanasnifferdogD.cansenseitswaynobetterthanitsoperators74.BysayingWeneededthemyesterdayparagraph7Stovermeansthatsnake-likerobots_____.A.couldhelphandletheaftermathofHurricaneKatrinaB.wouldhavebeenputtouseinpastrescueworkC.helpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesyesterdayD.wereingreaterneedyesterdaythantoday75.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Snake-likerobotsusedinindustries.B.Snake-likerobotsmadetoaidinrescues.C.Thedevelopmentofsnake-likerobots.D.Theworkingprinciplesofsnake-likerobots.

EResearchonthehumanbrainhasbeenattractingmoreandmorescientistsinrecentyearsjustliketheboominghi-techindustry.Oneofthelatestresearchtopicsishowtochangethehumanbrainorcombinethecomputerandthehumanbraini.E.totransplantachipintoahumanbrain.Thisideamaymakeeveryone’sdreamcometruE.Ifwecompareahumanbraintoaharddisc硬盘whatthescientistsaredoingistoenlargethecapacityoftheharddisC.Forthetimebeingtherearesomedifficultiesinsuchtransplantexperimentsbutscientistsnevergiveup.Experimentshavestartedonanimals.In1996atransplantexperimentperformedattheDefenseandMilitaryPhysiologyResearchInstituteintheU.S.turnedabearintoadolphin.ThedolphinwasnamedTedandthebearwasnamedTallin.UsingthemostadvancedtechnologyavailabledeepanddetailedimagesweremadeofthememoryareainTed’sbraincontaininginformationaboutswimmingbythescientists.Theyobtainedaseriesofusefulinformationthesignalstransferredbythenervoussystem.Suchinformationwassavedintoabutton-sizedchipwhichwasthentransplantedintotheactionmemoryareainTallin’sbrain.Theinformationsavedonthechipwasreleasedbymeansofelectricpower.RecentlyanothercomprehensivememorytransplantwasperformedattheMotorNerveResearchInstituteoftheUniversityofCaliforniA.ThecomprehensivememorytransplantedintheexperimentincludedactionsmoodslogicwordsimagesetC.TheexperimentinvolvedanentiretransplantofthememoryareA.Thiswasthelargestsuchexperimentdonesofar.ThetransplantwasperformedmakingatransferfromadognamedGeniustoadognamedIdiot.Geniuscouldunderstandandfollowupto100gesturesandordersmadebyitsmaster.Itwasarealgeniusinmemorizing.IdiotwastheyoungerbrotherofGenius.Ithadnocontactwithpeopleatallsinceitsbirth.Itbecameananimalwithnothinginitsbrainwithoutanymemory.Theoperationwasacompletesuccess.WhenthetwodogswokeupIdiothadgraspedalltheabilitiesGeniuspossessed;itwasgoodatmemorizingandsensiblE.Itcouldfolloweverygestureandanycommandgivenbyitsmaster.ButGeniusgavenoresponsetoitsmasterandinfactdidnotrecognizehimatall.57.Thepurposeoftheexperimentis_____.A.tocombinethecomputerandthehumanbrainB.toenlargethecapacityofhumanbrainC.tomakesomestupiddogturncleverD.tomakebearswim58.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Thescientiststransferredabutton-sizedchipwithusefulinformationinTallin’sbrain.B.ThefirstcomprehensivememorytransplantwasperformedattheMotorNerveResearchUniversity.C.Thesecondexperimentwasn’tanentiretransplantofthememoryareA.D.TheIdiotwasananimalwithmemorybeforebrainexperiment59.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsuccessreferto?A.Thetwodogswokeup.B.Theywerebothgoodatmemorizing.C.TheIdiotgraspedalltheabilitiesofGenius.D.TheGeniusgraspedalltheabilitiesofIdiot.60.Accordingtothetextwecaninfer_____.A.apersoncanknowmoreaftertheexperimentB.abearcanswimafterbeingtransferredachipwithrelatedusefulinformationC.adogcanbecomecleverafterentiretransplantofthememoryareaD.itisreallygoodforanimalstohavebeeninvolvedinthetransplantexperiment

Whenwethinkofleadershipweoftenthinkofstrengthandpower.Butwhatarethesereallyandhowdotheyoperate?LeadershiptodayisnotaboutforcingotherstodothingsIfthisisevenpossiblE.itisshort-termandtendstobackfirE.Ifyouordersomeonetodosomethingagainsttheirwill.theymaydoitbecausetheyfeeltheymustbuttheangertheyfeelwilldomoreharminthelong-termTheywillalsoexperiencefear.Fearcausesthethinkingbraintoshutdownmakingthepersonunabletofunctionathisorherbest.Iftheyassociateyouwiththisemotionoffear.Theywillbecomelessfunctionalaroundyouandyouwillhavesucceededinnotonlyshootingyourselfinthefoot.butpossiblymakingaverygoodemployeeorpartnerunabletoperformeffectively.Fearhasnoplaceinleadership.Thewayweinfluencepeopleinalastingwayisbyourowncharacterandourunderstandinganduseofemotion.Wecanordersomeonetodosomethingwhichmaybepartoftheworkday;orwecanemploythemattheemotionallevelsotheybecamefullydevotedtotheprojectsandprovidesomeoftheirownmotivation积极性Today’sworkplaceisallaboutrelationshipsasahumanbeingaswellasaworker.EveryoneproducesjustabitmoreforsomeonetheylikE.Leadersunderstandthewaythingswork.Theyknowthepaycheckisnotthesinglemostmotivatingfactor因素intheworklifeofmostpeoplE.Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence---knowingyourownemotionsandhowtohandlethemandthoseofothers.Developingyouremotionalintelligenceisthesinglebestthingyoucandoifyouwanttodevelopyourrelationshipswithpeoplearoundyouwhichisthekeytotheleadershipskills.52.Anemployeemayhaveafeelingoffearintheworkplacewhen___.A.heisforcedtodothingsB.becannotworkathisbestC..hefeelshisbrainshutdownD.hethinksofhisworkastooheavy53.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.PeopletendtoassociateleadershipwithfearB.Workingconditionsaffectpeople’sphysicalhealthC.GoodrelationshipisthekeytobusinesssuccessD.SmartpeoplearemorefunctionalintheworkplacE.54.Topositivelyinfluenceemployeesaleadershouldfirstofall__A.providebettersuggestionsB.develophisownpersonalityC.fivehisemployeesapayraiseD.hidehisownemotionoffear55.Goodleadershipismainlyseeninaleader’sabilityto___A.provideavarietyofprojectforemployeesB.helpraiseemployee’slivingstandardsC.giveemployeesspecificinstructionsD.dealwiselywithemployees’emotions

CAstronautJimVosshasenjoyedmanymemorablemomentsinhiscareerincludingthreespaceflightsandonespacewalk.Butherecallswithspecialfondnessadecidedlyearthbound为地球引力所束缚的experienceinthesummerof1980whenheparticipatedintheNASAASEESummerFacultyFellowshipProgram.VossthenascienceteacheratWestPoinwasassignedtotheMarshallSpaceFlightCenter'spropulsion推进labinAlabamatoanalyzewhyahydraulicfuelpumpseal液压燃料泵的密封圈onthespaceshuttle航天飞机wasworkingsowellwhenprevioussealshadfaileD.Itwasaseeminglytinyproblemamongthevastcomplexitiesofrunningthespaceprogram.YetitwasimportanttoNASAbecauseanycrackinthesealcouldhaveledtodestructiveresultsfortheastronautswhoreliedonthem.IworkedabitwithNASAengineerssaysVossbutIdiditmostlybyananalysis.Iusedahandheldcalculatornotacomputertodoathermodynamic热力学的analysis.AttheendofthesummerheliketheotherNASAASEEfellowsworkingatMarshallsummarizedhisfindingsinaformalpresentationanddetailedpaper.ItwasavaluablemomentforVossbecausetheASEEprogramgavehimaddedunderstandingofNASAdeepenedhisdesiretoflyinspaceandintensifiedhisapplicationforastronautstatus.Itwasnotaneasyprocess.Vosswasactuallypassedoverwhenhefirstappliedfortheastronautprogramin1978.Overthenextnineyearshereappliedrepeatedlyandwasfinallyacceptedin1987.Sincethenhehasparticipatedinthreespacemissions.The50yearoldArmyofficerwholivesinHoustonisnowintrainingforafour-monthmissionasacrewmemberontheInternationalSpaceStationstartinginJuly2000.VosssaystheASEEprogramiswonderfulforallinvolveD.ItbringsinpeoplefromtheacademicworldandgivesNASAaspecialpropertyforaparticularperiodoftimE.ItbringssomefresheyesandfreshideastoNASAandestablishesalinkwithourcollegesanduniversitiesVossexplains.There'sanexchangeofinformationandanexchangeofperspectivesthatisveryimportant.FortheacademicsideVosssaystheASEEprogramalsobringsinstitutionsofhigherlearningmoreinsightintonewtechnology.Wegivethemanopportunitytoworkonrealworldproblemsandtakeitbacktotheclassroom.66.WhywasthehydraulicfuelpumpsealimportantforthespaceshuttleA.BecauseprevioussealsallfaileD.B.Becauseitwasverycomplexinrunningthespaceprogram.C.Becausegreatcarehastobetakenofthehydraulicfuelpumpsealing.D.Becauseanycrackinthesealswouldcausedisastrousresultsfortheastronauts.67.ThegreatsignificanceofVoss'sfindingsliesin_________.A.strengtheninghisdeterminationtojoininspaceflightsB.furtheringhisunderstandingofNASAC.consolidatinghisastronautstatusinNASAprogramsD.BothA.andB68.HowmanyflightswillVosshavefinishedifhisfour-monthmissionstartinginJuly2000endsupsuccessfullyA.ThreeBTwoCFourDFive69.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtowhatVosssaidontheASEEprogramA.Freshmembersfromtheacademicworldparticipateintheprogram.B.TheprogrambringsnewoutlookstoNASAspaceprograms.C.Itisimportantforthespacescientiststoexchangeinformationandperspectives.D.AmericancollegesanduniversitiesareaspecialpropertyofNASA.70.WhatdoesVosswanttostressinthelastparagraphA.Thetechnologicalsignificanceoftheprogram.B.Theeducationalsignificanceoftheprogram.C.Thephilosophicalsignificanceoftheprogram.D.Thehistoricalsignificanceoftheprogram.

SpecialBridgesHelpAnimalsCrosstheRoad――ReportedbySheilaCarrickWhydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.Mostpeopleknowthisjoke.ButrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreworriedabouthowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheU.S.today.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassagesmayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidroadaccidentssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeProtectionSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionsusedthepassagE.Buildersofecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamandersandgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.Thenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookaround.Youmightseeananimalsoverpass!45.Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat______.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents46.Fromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis______.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apassforanimalstocrosstheroad47.Whenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans______.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumber48.Thewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause______.A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages

CCouldthesolutiontoworldfutureenergyneedslieintheocean?It’spossiblE.Wearenottalkingaboutoilbutanotherpotentialuntappedenergyresourcecalledmethanehydrates.Methanehydratesarehardice-likewhitesolidsthatformnaturallyindeposits沉积物onoceanfloors.Theyarecomposedofwaterandhighlyconcentratedmethaneproducedbythemicroorganismslivinginthedeposits.TheremarkablethingisthatyoucanholdaflametoapieceofmethanehydrateanditwillcatchonfirE.It’sbeencalledburningicE.MethanehydratesarespreadaroundtheworlD.ThesedepositsmayinthefuturebecomeaveryimportantfuelresourcE.OneresearchercalculatedthatasmallareaofftheSoutheasterncoastofAmericamaycontainmethanehydratesequalto30timestheannualU.S.consumptionofnaturalgas.RightnowthereareverysignificanttechnicalandfinancialchallengesfacingusbeforewecouldexploitthisasaresourcE.Scientistsaroundtheworldarestudyingthesechallenges.Onebigissueishowtogetthesemethanehydratesofftheoceanfloorcausingundersealandslidesandtidalwaves.Anotherissueishowtohandlethematterafteritisbroughtup.It’salsounclearwhetheritwouldmakemoresensetominesolidhydratesortapthegasesfoundwiththem.Andmanydepositsmayoccurinlowconcentrationswithnocommercialpotential.JapanwhichhasnooilsuppliesofitsownhasthrownitselfintoburningiceresearchbecauseithasdepositsoffitsshoreswhichcouldmakeJapanlessdependentonforeignsuppliersofoil.TheU.S.DepartmentofEnergyandCongressarealsosupportingresearch.HowevertheUSadministration’senergypolicyisfocusedontraditionalfossil化石fuels.Andatleastfornowdevelopingburningiceintoafuelsourceisn’thighontheenergyindustry’slist.Butifnaturalgascontinuestoriseinpriceexploitingburningicemightbecomeeconomicallypractical.59.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraphTwo?A.notexistedB.UnseenC.availablebutnotusedD.unreal60.Whatcanyoulearnfromthetext?A.Burningicehasbeenusedinsomecountries.B.ApplyingburningicetopstheenergylistinAmericA.C.Burningiceexistsinfewcountries.D.Therearestillsomeproblemsindevelopingtheburningice61.WhyhasJapanalreadybeguntodeveloptheburningice?A.Itisadevelopedcountry.B.Theywanttohelpothercountries.C.Itlacksoilsuppliesofitsown.D.AmericaaskedJapantodoso.62.Whichoneisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WorldEnergyShortageB.BurningIceHoldsHopeasFuelSourceC.MethaneHydratesD.MethaneHydratesSpreadaroundtheWorld

Manyoftheworld’spollutionproblemshavebeencausedbythecrowdingoflargegroupsofpeopleintothecities.Supplyfortheneedsofthepeopleleadstofurtherpollutionbyindustry.Iftherapidincreaseofworldpopulationincountriescontinuesatthepresentratetheremaybemuchgreaterharmtohumanbeings.Somescientistsspeakoftheincreaseinnumbersofpeopleaspopulationpollution.About2000yearsagotheworldpopulationwasprobablyabout250million.Itreachedabillionin1850.By1930thepopulationwastwobillion.Itisnowthreeandahalfbillion.Itisexpectedtodoublebytheyear2000.Ifthepopulationcontinuestogrowatthesameratetherewillbe25billionintheworldahundredyearsfromnow.Manhasbeenusingtheearth’sresourcesmoreandmorerapidlyoverthepastyears.Someofthemarealmostusedup.Nowmanypeoplebelievethatman’sgreatestproblemishowtocontrolthegrowthofthepopulation.Thematerialsuppliesintheworldwillbefarfromenoughtosupportthehumanpopulationintimetocomeifthepresentrateofincreasecontinues.Alreadythereisovercrowdinginmanycitiesandstarvationinsomecountries.Shouldman’spopulationkeepongrowingsorapidlyasbefore?Manypeoplebelievethathumansurvivalinthefuturedependsontheanswertothisquestion.59.Therapidincreaseinpopulationisconsideredtobe__________.A.theincreaseofresourcesB.populationpollutionC.thedevelopmentofmankindD.thepresentrate60.Theworldpopulationwillbe_________bytheyear2000.A.7billionB.250millionC.25billionD.3.5billion61.Ifthepresentrateofincreasecontinue________________.A.theworldisgoingtoendB.theearthwon’tbeabletosupportthegrowingpopulationinthefutureC.pollutionhasnothingtodowiththerapidlyincreasingpopulationD.therewouldbefourbillionintheworldahundredyearsfromnow62.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?A.In1850theworldpopulationreachedabillion.B.Manmustfightabattleagainstpopulationpollution.C.Theworld’spopulationisincreasingwithyears.D.Alloftheearth’sresourcesaregonenow.

Third-generationmobilephonesknownas3Garethenextbigstepforthetelecomindustry.Dataspeedin3Gnetworksismuchquickerthanthatinpresenttechnology.Thismeansuserscanhavehigh-speedInternetaccessandenjoyvideoandCD-qualitymusicontheirphones.Mobiledataisnotadream;it'snotanoptionbutarequirementsaidLenLauerheadofaUScommunicationscompanySprintPCSata3GconferenceinBangkokearlierthismonth.With3Gyoucanforgetabouttextmessagestellingyouyesterday'snews;a3Gphonecanreceivevideonewsprogramsupdatedfourtimesaday.InternetaccesswillalsobemuchquickermakingiteasiertosurftheWebonyourphonethanonyourcomputerathomE.Don'tworryaboutgettinglost.3Gphonesoffermapservicessoyoucanfindanewrestaurantjustbypressingafewkeysonyourhandset.Howeverthemostimpressivepartof3Gtechnologyisvideocalling.Withlivetwo-wayvideocommunicationyoucanhaveface-to-facetalkswithfriendsandfamilyonyourmobilephonE.ManyEuropeancountrieshavealreadylaunchedtheservicE.InMay2000theUSGovernmentissuedfivelicensestorun3Gwirelessserviceswhilethefirst3GphonesarrivedinItalyinMarchthisyear.Internationaltelecomcompaniescan'twaittosell3GinChinatheworld'slargestmobiletelecommunicationsmarket.Buttheywillhavetobepatient.AtthemomentChinaisbusytestingits3G-basedtechnologiesnetworksandservices.Thiswillbefollowedbyatrialperiodbeforethephonescanfinallyhittheshops.Weneedtocreateapoolof3Gcustomersbeforethelarge-scalecommerciallaunchoftheservicesaidFanYunjunmarketingmanagerforBeijingMobilE.Weexpectthatthe3Glicenseswillbeissuedlatenextyear.We'llalsosee3Gservicesenterourday-to-claylivesinall-sortsofnewwaysfromshoppingandbankingtoplayinginteractivecomputergamesoverthenet.Itwon'tbelongbeforewethinknothingofsittingonatrainusingamobilepalmtoptocheckourbankaccountsorpaybills.Youmightevenclickonanicononthescreentosetupaninstantvideo-conferencewithyourbankclerk.46.3Gis________.A.akindofmobilephonethatcansendtextmessageandmakecallsB.akindoftechnologythatmakesmobiledataandvideocallingcometrueC.akindofplayerthatcanbeusedtolistentoCDorMP3musicD.akindofsystemthatmakesiteasytosurftheInternet.47.WhatdoesLenLauerwanttoinformthereaders?A.Realizingthedreamofmobiledatabasedontheapplicationof3Gisamust.B.Thereisnoneedtosendmessagessince3Gcanreceivevideonewsprograms.C.3Gissupposedtoownallthefunctionsthatacomputerhas.D.Itisachoicetocarrymobiledatawith3Gphones.48.The3GservicescanbelaunchedafterthefollowingstepsEXCEPTthat________.A.theyhavetotestits3G-basedtechnologiesnetworksandservicesB.theyneedtocreateagroupof3GcustomersC.the3Glicensesareissuedand3GphonesaretestedD.internationaltelecomcompaniesdecidetosell3GinChina49.ThE.lastparagraphshowsusthat________.A.3GservicesbringalotofconveniencetousB.wecannotlivewithout3GmobilephonesC.3GservicescanchangeourlifecompletelyD.3Gserviceswilltaketheplaceofothertechnologies50.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Face-to-faceVideoCallsB.TheFutureof3GC.TheNewTelecomIndustry--3GD.TheUseof3GMobilePhone

ScientistsintheUnitedStateshavedevelopedamethodthatmayhelptopredictearthquakesearlier.Theysayitcouldgivepeoplewholiveindeadlyearthquakeareasenoughwarningtoleavebeforeanearthquakeoccurs.Currentlythemostmodernsystemsforpredictingearthquakesfindthemonlyashorttimebeforetheevent.LikemoststrongearthquakesWenchuanearthquakein2008andHaitiearthquakein2010werenotidentifiedearlyenoughforpeopletofleetheareakillinghundredsandthousandsofpeoplE.ButscientistswhostudyearthquakesarereportingthatnewtechnologycouldmeasureverysmallchangesintheEarth’ssurfacE.ScientistsperformedexperimentsalongCalifornia’sSanAndreasFaultanareafamousforitsearthquakes.Highlysensitiveelectricaldevicesareplacedaboutonekilometerbelowgroundintwodifferentplaces.ThedeviceswereabletomeasureevensmallchangesinairpressureontheEarth’ssurfacE.Thescientistssaysuchchangesarecausedwhenrockspushedtogetherforcingairoutofsmallcracksintherock.Twoearthquakeshittheareainlate2005.ThefirsttookplaceonDeC.25.A.smallerearthquakestruckfivedayslater.Thescientistsnotedchangesintheearth’ssurfaceabouttenhoursbeforethefirstquakestruck.Thatquakemeasuredthreeinintensity强度.Theythenfoundsimilarchangestakingplacetwohoursbeforetheotherquakestruckfivedayslater.Ifadditionaltestsconfirmthechangesarelinkedtoearthquakesthescientistsbelievetheirequipmentcouldbeusedforearlywarningsystems.A.systemthatprovidesawarningsignaltenhoursbeforeamajorearthquakecouldhelpmovepeoplefromtheareaandsavelives.ThescientistsnowhopetheycanfindearthquakeswithevengreaterintensitybyplacingtheirequipmentdeeperinthegrounD.71.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Anewwaytohelppredictearthquakes.B.TheearthquakesintheworldC.AbetterunderstandingofearthquakeD.Scientistsandmodernsystemsofearthquakes72.Ifthenewmethoddoeswork_______.A.fewerearthquakeswillbreakoutB.rescueworkerscansavemoreburiedpeopleinruinsC.awarningcanbegivenatleasttendaysbeforethemajorearthquakeD.fewerpeoplewillbekilledinanearthquake73.Accordingtothepassagethedevicescanpredicttheearthquakeby______reachingthecenteroftheearthquakedetectingthetemperaturechangesintheearth’scrustmeasuringchangesinairpressureontheEarth’ssurfacerecordingsoundwavesundertheground74.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.theequipmentisperfectenoughtobeusedinpracticeit’sunknownifgreaterearthquakecanbepredictedbytheequipmentthedeepertheequipmentisplacedthemoreaccuratethemeasurementistheequipmenthashelpedsavemanylivesintheearthquakeinHaiti.75.Howmanyearthquakesarementionedinthepassage?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four

Anewstudyhasfoundnoevidencethatsunscreencommonlyusedtoreducetheriskofskincaneractuallyincreasestherisk.ResearchersfromtheUniversityoflowsbasedtheirfirdingsonareviewof18earlierstudiesthatlookedattheassocistionbetweensunscreenuseandmelanoms黑素瘤.TheysaidthattheyfoundflawsinstudiesthathadreportedassociationsbetweensunscreenuseandhigherriskofmelanomA.Mosthealthexpertsbelievethatbyprotectingtheskinfromtheharmfuleffectsofthesunsunscreenhelpspreventskincancerwhichisincreasinginincidence发生率fasterthananyothercancerintheUnitedStates.Butquestionshavebeenraisedaboutsunscreenandwhetheritmayhavetheoppositeeffectperhapsbyallowingpeopletoremainexposedtothesunlongerwithoutburning.Theresearcherssaidthatamongtheproblemswithsomeearlierstudiesisthattheyoftenfailedtotakeintoaccountthatthosepeoplemostatriskforskinconcer―peoplewithfairskinandfreckles雀斑forexample―aremorelikelytousesunscreen.Asaresultitmayappearthatsunscreenusersgetcancermoreoften.Thestudieswhichgenerallyreliedonvolunteerstorecalltheirsunscreenusewerealsounabletoprovehowwelltheproductshadbeenappliedsaidthenewstudy.72.Theunderlinedwordflawsinthe2ndparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.evidencesB.factsC.faultsD.failures73.Peoplewithfairskinandfreckles.A.seldomusesunscreenB.aremoreindangerofskinconcerC.canbefreefromtheharmofthesunD.oftenexposethemselvestothesun74.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.sunscreenusersgetskincancermoreoftenB.thevolunteershaveprovedtheeffectofsunscreenC.thenewstudywasbasedontheexperiencesofvolunteersD.thenumberofskincancerpatientsisincreasinginAmerica75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebeattitleforthispassage?A.SunscreentoPreventSkinCancerB.SunscreentoIncreaseSkinCancerC.SkinCancerCausedbySunscreenD.SkinCancerCausedbyFreckles

Thetwentiethcenturysawgreaterchangesthananycenturybeforechangesforthebetterchangesfortheworsechangesthatbroughtalotofbenefitstohumanbeingschangesthatputmanindanger.ManythingscausedthechangesbutinmyopinionthemostimportantwastheprogressinsciencE.Scientificresearchinphysicsandbiologyhasvastlybroadenedourviews.Ithasgivenusadeeperknowledgeofthestructureofmatterandoftheuniverseithasbroughtusabetterunderstandingofthenatureoflifeandofitscontinuousdevelopment.TechnologyintheapplicationofsciencehasmadebigadvancesthathavebenefitedusinnearlyeverypartoflifE.Thecontinuationofsuchactivitiesinthetwenty-firstcenturywillresultinevengreateradvantagestohumanbeings:inpurescience―awideranddeeperknowledgeinallfieldsoflearning;inappliedscience―amorereasonablesharingofmaterialbenefitsandbetterprotectionoftheenvironment.Sadlyhoweverthereisanothersidetothepicture.Thecreativityofsciencehasbeenemployedindoingdamagetomankind.Theapplicationofscienceandtechnologytothedevelopmentandproductionofweaponsofmassdestructionhascreatedarealdangertothecontinuedexistenceofthehumanraceonthisplanet.WehaveseenthishappeninthecaseofnuclearweaponsAlthoughtheiractualusehassofaroccurredonlyintheSecondWorldWarthenumberofnuclearweaponsthatwereproducedandmadereadyforusewassolargethatiftheweaponshadactuallybeenusedtheresultcouldhavebeentheruinofthehumanraceaswellasofmanykindsofanimals.WilliamShakespearesaiD.Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn纱线goodandilltogether.Theabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivities―scienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearesaiD.Butdoesithavetobeso?Musttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegood?Arewebiologicallyprogrammedforwar?72.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?①=Paragraph1②=Paragraph2③=Paragraph3④=Paragraph4⑤=Paragraph573.Fromthefourthparagraphwecaninferthat.A.agreatmanynuclearweaponswereactuallyusedforwarB.alargenumberofnuclearweaponsshouldhavebeenusedforwarC.theauthorisdoubtfulabouttheruinofhumanbeingsbynuclearweaponsD.theauthorisanxiousaboutthehugenumberofnuclearweaponsontheearth74.Theunderlinedwordmingledinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.simpleB.mixedC.sadD.happy75.Whatdoyouthinktheauthorismostlikelytosuggestifhecontinuestowrite?A.Furtherapplicationofsciencetowar.B.MorereadingofWilliamShakespearE.C.Properuseofscienceinthenewcentury.D.Effectivewaystoseparatethegoodfromtheill.

Beforeanewtypeofairplanegoesintoserviceeverypartofitistestedagainandagain.Buttherearetwoteststhataremoreimportantthanalltheothers.Thefirstiscalledthetanktest.A.modemairplanemustflyveryhighinthesky.AirmustbepumpedintotheplanesothatthepassengerscanbreathE.Themetalstructure结构oftheplanehastobeverystrongforthisreason.Whentheplaneisfilledwith'airtheairpressesagainsttheskinoftheplaneinsidE.Thepressure压力onasmallwindowislikeahugefootthatistry­ingtogetout.Ifasmallpartoftheplaneweretofailtheplanewouldexplodeinthesky.Totestthestructureoftheplanetheplaneisloweredintoahugetankorcontainerofwater.Thenitisfilledwithair.Thepressureinsidetheplaneisgreaterthaniteverwillbewhenitishighupintheair.Finallythereisanexplosion.ThisdoesnotcausesomuchdamageinsidethewatertankasitwouldanywhereelsE.Engineerscandiscoverwhichpartoftheplanehasbroken.Thenthatpartismadestronger.Themostdangeroustesthappenswhenthenewplaneisgoingthroughtestflightsintheair.Thetestpilotmustfindoutexactlywhathappenswhentheengines发动机areallshutoffatoncE.TheplanebeginstofalllikeastonE.Itisthepilot'sjobtofindouthowhecangetcontroloftheplaneagain.Thesetwotestsareexamplesofhowplanesaremadesafebeforetheyevercarrypassengers.68.Bydoingthetanktesttheengineerscanfindout_________.A.theamountofairintheplaneB.thestrengthoftheplanestructureC.thepressureinsideandoutsidetheplaneD.thepoweroftheairplaneengines69.Whatwillhappentotheplaneunderthetanktest?A.Itwillbebroken.B.Itwillbemadestronger.C.Itwillbefilledwithwater.D.Itwillbetestedbypilots.70.Accordingtothetextwhyaretestflightsmostdangerous?A.Theplanemayexplodeintheair.C.TheenginesmaybedamageD.B.ThepilotmaylosecontroloftheplanE.D.ToomuchairmaygetintotheplanE.71.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TwoImportantTestsonAirplanesC.TheDangerofTestingAirplanesB.TheImportanceofFlyingSafelyD.HowAirplanesAreMadeandTested

Thetemperatureofthesunisover5000degreesFahrenheitatthesurfacebutitrisestoperhapsmorethan16milliondegreesatthecenter.ThesunissomuchhotterthandieearththatmattercanexistonlyasagasexceptatthecorE.InthecoreofthesunthepressuresaresogreatagainstthegasesthatdespitethehightemperaturetheremaybeasmallsolidcorE.HowevernoonereallyknowssincethecenterofthesuncanneverbedirectlyobserveD.Solarastronomersdoknowthatthesunisdividedintofivelayersorzones.StartingattheoutsideandgoingdownintothesunthezonesarethecoronachromospherephotosphereconvectionzoneandfinallythecorE.Thefirstthreezonesareregardedasthesun'satmospherE.Butsincethesunhasnosolidsurfaceitishardtotellwheretheatmosphereendsandthemainbodyofthesunbegins.Thesun'soutermostlayerbeginsabout10000milesabovethevisiblesurfaceandgoesoutwardformllionsofmiles.Thisistheonlypartofthesunthatcanbeseenduringaneclipse日食suchastheoneinFebruary1979.Atanyothertimethecoronacanbeseenonlywhenspecialinstrumentsareusedoncamerasandtelescopestoshutouttheglareofthesun'srays.Thecoronaisabrilliantpearlywhitefilmylightaboutasbrightasthefullmoon.ItsbeautifulraysareasensationalsightduringaneclipsE.Thecorona'sraysflashoutinabrilliantfanthathaswispyspikelike一束束穗状raysnearthesun'snorthandsouthpoles.Thecoronaisthickestatthesun'sequator.Thecoronaraysaremadeupofgasesstreamingoutwardattremendousspeedssadreachingatemperatureofmorethan2milliondegreesFahrenheit.Theraysofgasthinoutastheyreachthespacearoundtheplanets.Bythetimethesun'scoronaraysreachtheEarththeyareweakandinvisiblE.Matterontheaimcanexistonlyinfeeformofgasbecauseofthesun's___.A.sizeB.ageC.locationD.temperatureAllofthefollowingarepartsofthesun'satmosphereEXCEPTthe___.A.coronaB.chromosphereC.photosphereD.coreAccordingtothepassageasthecoronara5'sreach-dieplaaststheybecome___.A.hotterB.clearerC.thinnerD.strongerWhichof'diefollowingdotheparagraphsfollowingthepassagemostlikelydiscuss?A.Theremaininglayersofthesun.B.Theevolutionofthesuntoitspresentform.C.TheeclipseofFebruary1979.D.AlltheabovE.

PITTSBURGH–Formostpeoplesnakesseemunpleasantoreventhreatening.ButHowieChosetseesintheirdelicatemovementsawaytosavelives.The37-year-oldCarnegieMellonUniversityprofessorhasspentyearsdevelopingsnake-likerobotshehopeswilleventuallyslidethroughfallenbuildingsinsearchofvictimstrappedafternaturaldisastersorotheremergencies.DanKaraispresidentofRoboticsTrendsaNorthboroMass.-basedcompanythatpublishesanonlineindustrymagazineandrunsroboticstradeshows.Hesaidthereareothersnake-likerobotsbeingdevelopedmainlyatuniversitiesbutdidn’tknowofonethatcouldclimbpipes.TheCarnegieMellonmachinesaredesignedtocarrycamerasandelectronicsensorsandcanbecontrolledwithajoystick操纵杆.Theymovesmoothlywiththehelpofsmallelectricmotorsorservoscommonlyusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanes.Builtfromlightweightmaterialstherobotsareaboutthesizeofahumanarmorsmaller.TheycansensewhichwayisupbutareonlyasgoodastheirhumanoperatorsChosetaddeD.SamStoverasearchtermmanagerwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgencybasedinIndianasaidsnake-typerobotswouldoffergreatermobilitythanequipmentcurrentlyavailablesuchascamerasattachedtoextendableroles.Itjustallowsustodosomethingwe’venotbeenabletodobeforeStoversaidWeneededthemyesterday.Hesaidsnifferdogsarestillthebestsearchtoolforrescueworkersbutthattheycanonlybeusedeffectivelywhenworkershaveaccesstodamagedbuildings.Stoveramongtherescueworkerswhohandledtheaftermath后果ofHurricaneKatrinasaidsnakerobotswouldhavehelpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesinthatdisaster.Chosetsaidtherobotsmaynotbereadyforuseforanotherfivetotenyearsdependingonfunding.72.WhichinstitutionisresponsibleforthedevelopmentofChoset’srobots?A.RoboticsTrends.B.PittsburghCityCouncil.C.CarnegieMellonUniversity.D.FederalEmergencyManagementAgency.73.Chosetbelievesthathisinvention______.A.canbeattachedtoanelectronicarmB.canbeusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanesC.canfindvictimsmorequicklythanasnifferdogD.cansenseitswaynobetterthanitsoperators74.BysayingWeneededthemyesterdayparagraph7Stovermeansthatsnake-likerobots_____.A.couldhelphandletheaftermathofHurricaneKatrinaB.wouldhavebeenputtouseinpastrescueworkC.helpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesyesterdayD.wereingreaterneedyesterdaythantoday75.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Snake-likerobotsusedinindustries.B.Snake-likerobotsmadetoaidinrescues.C.Thedevelopmentofsnake-likerobots.D.Theworkingprinciplesofsnake-likerobots.

Whileallmyclassmatesseentobecrazyaboutaone-waytickettoMars火星I’drathersayMarsistotallyunsuitableforhumanexistencE.Peoplewon’thaveenoughfoodsuppliesthereandtheterribleenvironmentwouldmakeitimpossibleforthemtolivealonglifE.Besidesthejourneywon’tbesafE.CananybodyexplaintomejustwhypeoplewouldgotoMarsnevertoreturn?SteveMinearUKHerearethethingsyoucanthinkof:thedesiretoexploreaforeignanduniqueenvironmenttheexcitementofbeingthefirsthumanstoopenupanewworldtheexpectationoffameandgloryForscientiststhereisanotherreason.Theirobservationsandresearchwillprobablyleadtogreatscientificachievements.DonalTrollopCanadaTherearealreadytoomanypeopleontheEarth.Ithinkthatsometimebeforetheendofthecenturytherewillbeahumancolony殖民地onMars.Itwillhappenwhenpeoplefinallyrealizethattow-waytripstotheredplanetMarsareunnecessary.MostofthedangerofspaceFlightisinthelaunches发射andlandings.CuttingthetriphomewouldthereforereducethedangerofaccidentssavealotofmoneyandopenthewaytobuildinganeverlastinghumansettlementonanotherworlD.EnoughsuppliescanbesentonaheaD.AndeverytwoyearsmoresuppliesandmorepeoplewillneedsandMarsisfarmorepleasantthantheotherplanetsintheouterspacE.PaulDavies.USA60.ThemainpurposeofSteveMinear’swritingis.A.toreporthisclassmates’discussionB.toinviteananswertohisquestionC.toexplainthenaturalstateofMarsD.toshowhisagreementongoingtoMars61.WhichofthefollowingbeststatesDonalTrollop’sidea?A.ThereisaplantosendhumanstoMars.B.TherearemanyreasonsforgoingtoMars.C.ScientistsbecomefamousbydoingresearchonMars.D.ItispossibletobuildanEarth-likeenvironmentonMars.62.PaulDaviespointsoutthat.A.humansneedonlyaone-waytickettoMars.B.two-waytripstoMarswillbemadesafesoonC.itiseasytoreducethedangerandcostofflightstoMarsD.itischeaptobuildaneverlastinghumansettlementonMars63.WhatdoesPaulDaviesthinkofhumanexistenceonMars?A.HumanswillhavetobringalltheyneedfromtheEarth.B.HumanswillfindMarstotallyunsuitableforliving.C.HumanscanproduceeverythingtheyneeD.D.HumanscanlivelongerinthecolonyonMars.

Everyyearlandslides{滑坡}cause25to50deathsand$1.5billionindamageintheUnitedStates.Theyaccountfor15percentofthedeathsfromnaturaldisastersinEuropE.AndinDecem??berasingleeventkilledmorethan200peopleinthePhilippines.Sendingworkerstostabilize加固mountainsidesusingsteelbarsandcement水泥canhelppreventdisasterbutitintroducesnewdifficulties.Shakingdrillsproduceharmfuldustandloosenheavydangerousdebris米屑.It'squiteariskyjobsaysGiorgioPezzutoofD'AppoloniaanengineeringcompanyinItaly.D.'Appoloniaworkingwitheightothercompaniesmayhaveananswer:athree-tonrobotcalledRoboclimber.Theideaistooperateamachinefarawaythatcandrillwithoutahu??manbeingonboard'saysPezzutomanagerfortheprojectwhichissupportedbytheEuropeanCommission.Engineersclaimthatthemachinewillbefasterandcheaperthanmanuallabor.Therobotalargeradio-controlledfour-leggedme??chanicalspider蜘蛛hascostatleast$2mil??lionsofar.Thefinalproductshouldbeabletoclimbunstablemountainsidesdrillholesinsertbarsandcementandcollectdataontheslope'sstability.TestingshouldbegininMay.TheunderlinedwordeventinParagraphlrefersto___.A.landslideB.machineC.earthquakeD.floodThepurposeinwritingthistextis___..A.totellpeoplehowseriousthedamagecausedbylandslidesisB.totellpeoplethatsendingworkerstosta??bilizemountainsidesisariskyjobC.tointroduceaproductthatcanbeusedtostabilizemountainsidesD.toshowpeoplehowtouseanewproductWhatdoestherobotlooklike?A.Ahumanbeing.B.Aspider.C.Atruck.D.Adrill.Thebiggestadvantageofthisproductisthat_________.A.itwillbefasterandcheaperthanmanuallaborB.itcanclimbmountainsidesdrillholesinsertbarsandcementC.itcancollectdataontheslope’sstabilityD.itcandrillwithoutahumanbeingonboard

CAscientistwhodevelopedawaytocalculate计算howmuchwaterisusedintheproducitonofanythingformacupofcoffeetoahamburgerwasawardedthe2008StockholmWaterPrizE.ProfessorJohnAnthonyAllanoftheUniversityofLondoninBritainwontheawardforintroducingtheideaofvirtualwater虚拟水acalculationmethodthathaschangedthenatureoftradepolicyandresearch.Allanhaswrittensevenbooksandpublishedmorethan100papers.TheStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutesaidthisideaisnowembedded埋藏intheproductionoffoodsandindustrialproducts.TheinstitutesaidAllan'sworkhadmadeabigeffectonglobaltradepolicyandresearchespeciallyinwater-scarce缺水regions.Theimprovedunderstandingoftradeandwatermanagementissuesonlocalregionalandglobalscalesareofthehighestvalueforthesuccesssfulandsustainable可持续的useofwaterresourcesitsaiD.PeopledonotonlyusewaterwhentheydrinkitortakeashowertheinstitutesaiD.Behindthemorningcupofcoffeethereare140litersofwaterthatwasusedtogrowproducepackageandshipthebeans.ThatisaboutasmuchwaterasapersoninEnglandusesonaverageforalldailydrinkingandhouseholdneeds.Forasinglehamburgerabout2400litersofwaterareneedeD.InteUSAtheaveragepersonusesnearly7000litersofvirtualwatereverydayItsaidthatwasmorethanthreetimestheaverageuseofaChineseperson.64.Allanwasawardedtheprizebecause______.A.hewrotesevenbooksontradepolicyB.hepublishedmorethan100papersonwatermanagementC.hefoundanewkindofwaterinwater-scarceareasD.hecameupwiththeideaofvirtualwater65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheaverageAmericanusesabout7000litersofwateraday.B.TheaverageChineseusesnearly2300litersofvirtualwateraday.C.AnEnglishmanusuallydrinksabout140litersofcoffeeaday.D.Ahamburgerusuallycontainsabout2400litersofwater.66.Whateffectdoestheideaofvirtualwaterhave?A.IthelpsusrealizetheimportanceoftradE.B.Ithelpspeopledosuccessfulbusiness.C.Ithelpsusmakeuseofwaterscientifically.D.Ittellsushowmuchwaterweuseaday.67.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditinthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheUniversityofLondon.B.ThecalculationmethoD.C.TheStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutE.D.Thetradepolicyandresearch.

阅读短文根据所读内容在文后76～85的空格里填上适当的单词或短语并将答案转写到答题卡上注意每空不超过3个单词OnaverageAmericanswasteasmuchenergyastwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationconsumes.That’slargelytheresultofdrivinginefficientcarsusinginefficientappliancesandlivingandworkinginpoorlyinsulatedbuildings.Thenwhatcanyoudotoimprovethesituation?Buyenergy-efficientproducts.―Buynewappliancesorelectronicsofthehighestenergy-efficiencyrating.Newenergy-efficientmodelsmaycostmoreinitiallybuthavealoweroperatingcostovertheirlifetimes.Themostenergy-efficientmodelscarrytheEnergyStarlabelwhichidentifiesproductsthatuse20―40percentlessenergythanstandardnewproducts.AccordingtotheEPAthetypicalAmericanhouseholdcansaveabout$400peryearinenergybillswithproductsthatcarrytheEnergyStar.Switchtocompactfluorescentbulbs.―Changethethreebulbsyouusemostinyourhousetocompactfluorescents.EachcompactfluorescentbulbwillkeephalfatonofcarbondioxideoutoftheairoveritslifetimE.Moreovercompactfluorescentbulbslasttentimesaslongandcansave$30peryearinelectricitycosts.Setheatingandcoolingtemperaturescorrectly.―Checkthermostatsinyourhometomakesuretheyaresetatalevelthatdoesn’twasteenergy.Getanelectronicthermostatthatwillallowyourfurnacetoheatthehousetoalowertemperaturewhenyou’resleepingandreturnittoamorecomfortabletemperaturebeforeyouwakeup.Turnoffthelights.―Turnofflightsandotherelectricalappliancessuchastelevisionsandradioswhenyou’renotusingthem.Installautomatictimersforlightsthatpeopleinyourhousefrequentlyforgettoturnoffwhenleavingaroom.Title:76.______77._____Americanswasteasmuchenergyas78._______oftheworld’spopulationconsumes.Causes●Drivinginefficientcars;●79._________●Livingandworkinginpoorlyinsulatedbuildings80._____Buyenergy-efficientproductswiththe81.________label82.______●havealoweroperatingcostovertheirlifetimes;●saving20―40percentenergy;●saveabout$400peryearinenergybillsSwitchto83.______●keepinghalfatonofcarbondioxideoutoftheairoveritslifetime●lastingtentimesaslong●saving$30peryearin84.______.SetheatingandcoolingtemperaturescorrectlyTurnoffthelightsor85.______

June2000―theHumanGenome基因组Projectagreat$3billion15-yeartaskaimedatdrawingthegenetic遗传的mapofhumansisnowmorethan90percentcompleteD.Thescientificandmedicalcommunities团体areveryexcitedaboutthechancesgeneticresearchprovidesforgettingridofdiseasesandprolonging延长humanlifE.Butthosecommunitiesandpolicy政策makersalsoarecarefulaboutthescientificdoortheyareopeningastheprojectuncoversthemysteriesoflifE.Forthelastfewyearsthegeneticadvancesinthedevelopingfieldofbiotechnology生物技术haveprovidedmaterialforallkindsofworkbutthedevelopmentsofmodernscienceinunlockingthesecretsofthehumangeneticcode密码haveopenedaworldofpossibilitiesforhumanhealthaswellasforthepopularimagination.WhileEuropeanandJapaneseresearchersaremakingrapidprogressindecoding解码humanDNAtheleadingorganizationforgeneticresearchintheUnitedStateswhichbeganin1990isunlockingthecodeofthehumanbodytolearnhowtodefeatfatal致命的diseases.AlreadytheHumanGenomeProjecthasbecomewidelyknownandpraisedforfindingthegenes基因connectedwithterriblediseasesasyet迄今andmakingprogresstowardseparatingthegenesthatshowasignofbreastcancerorAIDS.Oncethesegenesarefoundandstudiedresearcherscandevelopnewwaystoattackinfections传染andgeneticdiseases.Medicalcompaniesareveryinterestedinmappingthehumangenomeastheyexpecttodevelopalotofnewdrugsfortheseillnesses.64.Whydidthescientistsworkhardatmappingthehumangenome?A.Becausethehumangenome'scompletioncanhelpthemgetridofmanydiseases.B.Becausethehumangenomecandestroymanyillnesses.C.Becausetheywantedtobebetterknownthanothers.D.Becausethehumangenomecanprovidealotofchancesofwork.65.Whichcountrystudiedthegenesmostrapidlyintheworld?A.Japan.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.China.66.Themainideaofthisarticleisabout_______.A.thegenes'discoveryB.unlockinggeneticcodeC.thegreathumangenomeD.thegenesandthescientists

Americanresearcherssaydrinkingteamayhelpstrengthenthebody’sdefensesystemagainstinfection感染.DoctorsatBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBostonMassachusettsdidthestudy.TheteamstudiedachemicalfoundinblackgreenoolongandpekoeteaThischemicalisanaminoacid氨基酸calledL-theanine.ThescientistssayitmayincreasethestrengthofGammadeltaTcellswhicharepartofthebody’sdefenses.Firsttheresearchersmixedsomeofthesecellswithantigens抗原foundintheaminoacidAntigenshelpthebodyreacttoinfection.Thenthescientistsaddedsomebacteria细菌.Withintwenty-fourhoursthecellsproducedalotofinterferonasubstancethatfightsinfectionCellsnotmixedwiththeantigensdidnotproduceinterferon.Inthesecondpartofthestudyelevenpeopledrankfivetosixcupsofblackteaeveryday.Tenotherpeopledrankthesameamountofinstantcoffee.Thatisdriedcoffeemixedwithhotwater.Twoweekslaterandagaintwoweeksafterthattheresearcherstestedthebloodofalltwenty-onepeople.Theyalsolookedatwhathappenedwhentheyaddedbacteriatothebloodcells.TheyfoundthattheteadrinkersproducedfivetimesmoreinterferonaftertheystarteddrinkingteaThecoffeedrinkersdidnotproduceinterferon.DoctorJackBukowskiledthestudyHesaystheantigensaddedtotheGammadeltaTcellswereresponsiblefortheincreasedreactiontothebacteria.Hesaysthestudyalsoshowedthatthecellswereabletorememberthebacteriaandfightthemagainthenexttime.EarlierresearchalreadyhasfoundthatteacanhelppreventheartdiseaseandcancerDoctorBukowskisaysthenewstudymustberepeatedwithmorepeople.Ifthefindingsprovetobetruehesaysthenteadrinkingmightalsohelpprotectagainstbacterialinfections.HesaystheaminoacidL-theaninecouldberemovedfromteaandusedasadrugtostrengthenthebody’sdefenses.72.Wemayknowfromthetextthatcanbefoundindifferentkindsoftea.A.GammadeltaTcellsB.L-theanineC.interferonD.bacteria73.Teamayhelpstrengthenthebody’sdefensesystembecauseithelps.A.thebodytoproducemoreinterferonB.thebodytoproducemoreGammadeltaTcellsC.toaddsomebacteriatothebloodcellsD.tomixantigenswithsomeofthecellsinthebody74.AccordingtoDrBukowski.A.thefindingsofthestudyhavealreadyprovedtobetrueB.hebastakensomeaminoacidL-theaninefromteaandmadeadrugwithitC.furtherstudyisneededtoprovethefindingstrueD.heisnotsurewhetherteacanhelppreventheartdiseaseandcancer75.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.TeaIsBetterThanCoffee.B.TeaMayHelpFightInfection.C.TeaCanHelpPreventCancer.D.OurBodyNeedsTea.

Arecentreporthassuggestedthatairpollutioninourbigcitiescouldbeasdamagingtoourhealth.Thereportputforwardpracticaltipsthatcitypeoplecantaketoreducetheirexposure暴露tocityairpollution.Quitealotitturnsout.◙WatchwhereyouwalkAvoidwalkingalongbusystreetsandthoroughfares大街insteadchoosingsidestreetsandparks.becausepollutionlevelscanfallbyafactorof10justbymovingafewmetresawayfromthemainsourceofthepollution-exhaustfumes.Don'twalkbehindsmokersandwalkonthewindward迎风sideofthestreetwhereexposuretopollutants污染源canbe50%lessthanontheleeward背风sidE.◙Pavement人行道senseWhenyou'recrossingaroadstandwellbackfromthekerb路边石whileyouwaitforthelightstochangE.EverymetrereallydoescountwhenyouareclosetotraffiC.AsthetrafficmovesthegasescandisappearinjustafewsecondsparticularlyifthewindisupwhichmeansholdingyourbreathduringthisperiodcanmakeadifferencesillyasthatmightsounD.BesidescrosstheroadasquicklyaspossiblE.Andonceyou'reovercontinuealongthepavementasfarawayfromthekerbaspossiblE.◙WheretositonthebusSittingonthedriver'ssideofabuscanincreaseyourexposureby10%comparedwithsittingonthesidenearesttothepavement.Andsittingupstairsonadouble-deckercanreduceyourexposuretoo.It'sdifficulttosaywhethertravellingonanundergroundtrainisbetterorworsethantakingthebusbuttheairpollutiononundergroundtrainstendstobelesstoxic有毒的byweightthanthatfoundatstreetlevel.◙Wearamask口罩Maskscanbeagoodthingbuttheyonlymakeadifferenceiftheyfittightlyandarecleanedregularly.Eventheslightestgaptoallowyoutobreathemoreeasilywillneutralizeanyadvantages.Worseifyoufailtocleanorchangethemaskregularlysomethingdangerouscanformonthemask.Sotheairyoubreatheisdirtierratherthancleaner.68.Thebesttitleforthepassageprobablywouldbe________.A.HowtomakeourlifeeasyandateaseB.Howtoreducetheexposuretocityairpollution.C.ThewaystodealwithcitypollutionD.Weshoulddrawalessonfromcityairpollution69.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sopinionaccordingtothepassage?A.thereisnowaytoescapefromairpollutionB.weshouldn’ttravelonanundergroundorabus.C.wemustreduceairpollutiontoliveinthecityD.wemusttrytoprotectourselvesfromcityairpollution.70.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.whenyouareclosetotrafficitisnotadvisabletoholdyourbreathawhileB.CrossthestreetasquicklyaspossiblewhenwaitingforthelighttochangeC.Travellingonanundergroundtrainisbetterthantakingthebus.D.Don’tgetclosetotrafficwheneveritispossiblE.71.Thewordneutralizeunderlinedinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_________.A.cutdownB.addtoC.leadtoD.getinto

Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal’steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液.A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.67.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasily68.Todefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterials69.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackeD.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.70.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves

第二部分阅读理解共20小题第一节共15小题每题2分第二节共5题每题2分共40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C.D中选出最佳选项AUnnoticedandunappreciatedforfivedecadesalargefemaleturtle龟withastained彩色的leathery粗而硬的shellisnowapreciouscommodity物品inChangsha’soldzoo.Sheisfedonaspecialdietofrawmeat.Hersmallpoolhasbeencoveredwithglasswhichcandefenditfrombullets.Aspecialcameramonitorshermovements.Aguardispostedatnight.ThepurposeissimpletheturtlemustnotdiE.Earlierthisyearscientistsconcludedthatshewastheplanet’slastknownfemaleYangtzegiantsoftshellturtlE.Sheisabout80yearsoldandweighsalmost90pounds.AsithappenstheplanetalsohasonlyoneknownmalE.HelivesatazoothecityofSuzhou.Heis100yearsoldandweighsabout200pounds.TheyarethelasthopeofsavingaspeciesbelievedtobethelargestfreshwaterturtlesintheworlD.It’saverydangeroussituationsaidPeterPritchardafamousturtleexpertintheUnitedStateswhohashelpedtrytosavethespecies.FormanyChinesepeopletheturtleisthesymbolofhealthandlonglifebutthelasttwoYangtzegiantsoft-shellcreaturesshowthethreatenedstateofwildlifeandbiodiversity生物多样性inChinA.Pollutionhuntingandoverdevelopmentaredestroyingnaturalhabitatsandalsoendangeringtheplantandtheanimalpopulation.Chinacontainssomeoftheworld’srichesttreasuresofbiodiversityyetthelatestmajorsurveyofplantsandanimalsshowsadiscouragingpicturE.Nearly40percentofallmammalspeciesinChinaarenowendangeredScientistssay.Forplantsthesituationisworse70percentofallnonfloweringplantspeciesand86percentoffloweringspeciesareconsideredthreateneD.46.WhyistheturtleinChangshaspeciallycared?A.Shehasbeenunnoticedandunappreiatedfivedecades.B.ShecanbesoldatahighpricE.C.Sheistheplanet’slastknownfemaleYangtzegiantsoft-shellturtlE.D.Sheisoldandheavy.47.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.TheturtleinChangshaispreciousbecauseitisthesymbolofhealthandlonglifE.B.PeterPritchardbelievesthefemaleturtleisthelargestfreshwaterturtleintheworlD.C.ThefemaleturtleisinadangeroussituationwhereshemaybekilleD.D.ThefemaleturtleinChangshaandthemaleturtleinSuzhouarethelasthopeofsavingthelargestfreshwaterturtlespeciesintheworlD.48.Accordingtothetext________inChinA.A.therearetherichestspeciesoflivingthingsB.wildplantsandanimalsarebecomingfewerC.turtlesarespeciallyprotectedD.thesituationofplantsisbetterthanthatofmammalspecies49.ThelastparagraphprovesthethreatenedstateofwildlifeandbiodiversityinChinaby__________.A.factsandnumbersB.PeterPritchard’SwordsC.teachingtheoryD.tellingastory

TheChinesehaveusedamethodcalledacupuncturetohelpperformoperationsforabout4000yearswithoutputtingthepatienttosleep.Thisinvolvesinserting插入flexibleneedles针intocertainpartsofthebody.TheneedlesusedareavailableinanumberofstoresinChinaandeveryonemaybuythem.Tolearnhowtouseneedletakesaboutonemonthoftraining.ButtobeskillfulrequiresgreatertimE.Thepersonwhoperformstheacupunctureknowshowtoinserttheneedlessotheneedlesthemselvesarenotpainful.ThispersonalsoknowswheretoplacetheneedlessothepatientfeelsnopainintheareawheretheoperationistobeperformeD.TheneedlesarenotnecessarilyinsertedneartheplacewherethepainistobepreventeD.Inthepastaparticularoperationmightrequire25ormoreneedlesplacedinvariouspartsofthebody.Butnowthisoperationrequiresonly3or4needles.TodaytheChinesedoctorsaretryingtolearnmoreaboutacupuncturE.Theyaretryingtodevelopaconvincingtheorytoexplainhowtheneedlesworkinpreventingpainorwhyaneedleinthewrist手腕forexamplewouldpreventthepainintheareaofthemouth.A.patientwhoneedsanoperationisgivenachoicebetweenhavingacupunctureorhavingoneofthechemicalsusedforputtinghimtosleep.Ithasbeenestimatedthatoverhalfofthepatientschooseacupuncturebecausethereisnosicknessaftertheoperationwhereas然而反之thechemicalmaymakethepatientsickforafewhoursoraday.1.Acupunctureisakindof_______.A.medicalneedlesB.medicalequipmentC.medicaltechniqueD.medicalexamination2.Toperformtheacupunctureskillfullyone_______.A.hastolearnhowtoinserttheneedlesaccuratelyintherightplaceB.shouldinserttheneedleswherethepainistobepreventedC.needstobetrainedforashortperiodoftimeD.mustusefewerneedlesthaninthepast3.Accordingtothe3rdparagraphwecaninfer_______.A.peoplemustinsertaneedleinthewristtopreventthepaininthemouthB.peoplecometorealizetheshortcomingsoftheacupunctureC.peopleareconvincedtousetheacupuncturetocurediseasesD.peopleneedtomakedeeperresearchintotheacupuncture4.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplepreferhavingacupuncturebecause_______.A.acupuncturehasnosideeffectsaftertheoperationB.acupuncturecoststhemlessthanhavingchemicalsC.chemicalsusuallycausemanymoredeathsD.theywanttoprotectthetraditionalChinesemedicine5.Theauthorofthepassagetendstobe________acupuncturE.A.stronglyagainstB.infavorofC.doubtfulaboutD.uninterestedin

B.A.newstudyhasclaimedthatmenreallyaremoreintelligentthanwomen.Thestudyconcludedthatmen’sIQsarealmostfourpointshigherthanwomen’s.British-bornresearcherJohnPhilippeRushtonsaysthefindingcouldexplainwhysofewwomenmakeittothetopintheworkplacE.TheOxfordUniversityreachedhisconclusionafterScrutinizingtheresultsofuniversityabilityteststakenby100000studentsaged17and18ofbothsexes.A.focusonthefactorssuchastheabilitytoquicklygraspacomplexconceptverbalreasoningskills语言推理能力andcreativity—someofthekeyfactorsofintelligence---showedthemaleteenagershadIQsthatwereanaverageof3.63pointshigher.TheaveragepersonhasanIQaround100.Thefindingswhichheldtrueforallclassesandlevelsofeducationoverturn100-yearopinionthatmenandwomenaveragethesameingeneralmentalability.Theyalsoconflict冲突withevidencethatgirlsdobetterinschoolexamsthanboys.ButProfessorRushtonarguesthatthefastermaturing成熟ofgirlsleadstothemoutshiningboysintheclassroom.46.Thereportismainlyabout________.A.astudythatshowsmenarecleverthanwomenB.theglassceilingphenomenonC.ProfessorRuston’stheoryonIQD.thedifferencebetweenmaleandfemale47.TheunderlinedwordScrutinizinginthefourthparagraphprobablymeans__________.A.makingupB.carryingoutC.examiningcarefullyD.lookingat48.Thetestsweretakenby_________.A.boystudentsaged17and18.B.100000boyandgirlstudentsaged17and18C.girlstudentsaged17and18D.100000girlstudents49.WecaninferthattheaveragewomanhasanIQof_________.A.alittlelessthan100B.100C.morethan100D.96.3750.WhichofthefollowingopinionsdoesProfessorRushtonNOTaccept?A.Men’sIQsarealmostfourpointshigherthanwomen’sB.FewwomenmakeittothetopintheworkplacE.C.Menandwomenaveragethesameingeneralmentalability.D.Thefastermaturingofgirlsleadstothemoutshiningboysintheclassroom.

Peoplebelievesthatclimbingcandogoodtohealth.Wherecanyoulearntheskillofclimbingthen?Ifyouthinkthatyouhavetogotothemountainstolearnhowtoclimbyou’rewrong.ManyAmericansarelearningtoclimbincitygyms体育馆.Herepeoplearelearningonclimbing.Theclimbingwallgoesstraightupandsmallholdingplacesforhandsandfeet.Howdopeopleclimbthewall?Toclimbyouneedspecialshoesand保护带aroundyourchesttoholdyou.Thereareropes绳索tiedtoyour.Theropesholdyouinplacesothatyoudon’tfall.A.beginner’swallisusuallyabout15feethighandyouclimbstraightup.Therearesmallpiecesofmetalthatstickoutforyoutostandonandholdonto.Sometimesit’seasytoseethenewpieceofmetal.Sometimesit’snot.Themostdifficultisanyourfear.It’snormalforhumanstobeafraidoffallingsoit’sdifficultnottofeelfear.ButwhenyoumoveawayfromthewalltheandtheropesholdyouandyoubegintofeelsafE.Youmoveslowlyuntilyoureachthetop.Climbingattractspeoplebecauseit’sgoodexerciseforalmosteveryonE.Youuseyourwholebodyespeciallyyourarmsandlegs.Thissportgivesyourbodyacompleteworkout.Whenyouclimbbothyourmindandyourbodycanbecomestronger.64.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peoplearefairlyinterestedinclimbingnowadays.B.Itisimpossibletobuildupone’sbodybyclimbing.C.Peoplecanonlylearntheskillofclimbingoutdoors.D.Itisalwayseasytoseeholdingplacesinclimbing.65.Themostdifficultthingtodoinwallclimbingis_______.A.totieropestoyourB.tocontrolyourfearC.tomoveawayfromthewallD.toclimbstraightup66.Thewordworkoutunderlinedinthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.A.settlementB.exerciseC.excitementD.tiredness67.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Totellpeoplewheretofindgyms.B.ToprovethebasicneedforclimbingC.Toencouragepeopletoclimbmountains.D.introducethesportofwallclimbing

Themarineenvironmentisfascinatingtostudyandworkinduetoitsbeautyrichnessandcomplexity.ItcoversthreequartersofthesurfaceoftheEarthyetweknowmoredetailaboutthesurfaceofMars.Inthepastitwasseenasbothaninexhaustibleresourceandabottomlesssinkforourwastes.Yettheincreasingpressuresofoverpopulationpollutionandthethreattoournaturalenvironmentmeanthatthereisanincreasingneedforscientistswhocanunderstandhowitallworkshowitaffectsusandhowweareaffectingitfromglobalwarmingthroughtothesmallestplankton.Fromlocalissuestoglobalconcernswenowknowthatthemarineenvironmentisinextricablylinkedtoourlivesandtoourfuturesurvival.ItisanareawheremuchremainstobediscoveredandwhereonlyamultidisciplinaryapproachcancoverthebreadthofissuestobeconfronteD.ThisistheapproachtakenonourMarineEnvironmentalSciencedegreecoursE.Thiscoursetakesamulti-disciplinaryapproachtoexploreandunderstandthemarineenvironment.Afteraninitialgroundinginbasicscienceoptionalchoicesareavailableinspecialisttopicssuchasmarineecosystemsandpollutioncoastalnavigationandoceanographyamongothers.Ournewharborsidemarinelaboratoryisusedforsomeofthespecialistlectureslaboratoryandprojectworkwhileaweek'sresidentialfieldcourseintheIsleofManprovidestrainingtopreparefortheresearchprojectconductedinyourfinalyear.ThereisanoptionaltriptoBelizeinthefinalyeartostudytropicalmarineenvironments.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat______.A.peoplewastealotofresourceB.marineenvironmentcovers3/4ofthesurfaceofMarsC.marineenvironmentisbeautifulforitssufficientresourcesD.theEarthissimilartoMarsThepresentenvironmentoftheEarthforcestheexpertsandscholarstostudy______.A.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandnaturalenvironmentB.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandpollutionC.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandoverpopulationD.therelationshipbetweenpeople’sactionsandplanktonAccordingtothepassageamulti-disciplinaryapproachiseffectivebecause_______.A.wecanchoosesomeissuesasoptionallyaswecanB.wehavepracticedtheapproachforalongtimeC.theapproachislinkedtoourfuturesurvivalD.theapproachcoversalotofproblemswewillmeetWecandividethelecturesofthecourseinto______parts.A.1B.2C.3D.4IfastudentchoosemarineEnvironmentalSciencedegreecoursehemust______.A.makelecturesabouttheissuestobeconfrontedB.providetrainingtogetreadytodoresearchprojectC.takeseveraldaysresidentialfieldintheIsletraveltoBelizetostudytropicalmarineenvironmentsAnswers:

WhenaSwedishshipthatsankin1628wasrecoveredfromtheportofStockholmhistoriansandscientistswereoverjoyedwiththechancetoexaminetheremainsofthepast.Theshipconstructionshowedhowshipswerebuiltandoperatedduringtheseventeenthcentury.Inthiswayartifactsobjectsmadebyhumanbeingsprovidedapictureofdailylifealmost400yearsago.Underwaterarchaeologythestudyofshipsaircraftandhumansettlementsthathavesunkunderlargebodiesofwater―isreallyaproductofthelast50years.Therapidgrowthofthisnewareaofstudyhasoccurredbecauseoftheinventionofbetterdivingequipment.BesidestheSwedishshipwreck残骸underwaterarchacologistshavemademoreexcitingdiscoveriessuchasthe5000-year-oldboatsintheMediterraneanSeA.Underwaterarchacologycanprovidefactsaboutthepast.Inancientportsallovertheworldareshipssunkeninthepast6000years.Therearealsosunkensettlementsinseasandlakestellingofpeople’swayoflifeandtheirsystemsoftradeinancienttimes.Underwaterarchacologistswanttostudytheseobjectstoaddtotheworld’sknowledgeofhistorybuttheyhavetofighttwoenemies.Oneenemyistreasurehunterswhodiveforancientartifactsthattheycanselltocollectors.Oncesoldtheseobjectsarelosttoexperts.Thesecondenemyisdredgingmachines挖掘机oftenusedtorepairports.ThesemachinesdestroywrecksandartifactsorburythemdeeperundersandandmuD.Byteachingthepublicabouttheimportanceofunderwatermuseumsofthepastarchaeologistsarehopingtogetsupportforlawstoprotectunderwatertreasures.63.WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A.ToprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopiC.B.Toattractreaders’attentiontothetopiC.C.TouseanexampletosupportthetopiC.D.ToofferbasicknowledgeofthetopiC.64.Theaimofunderwaterarchacologyisto.A.exploitwaterbodiesB.searchforunderwaterlifeC.studyunderwaterartifactsD.examineunderwaterenvironment65.Underwaterarchaeologistsareworriedbecause.A.seahuntershavebetterdivingequipmentB.theirknowledgeofworldhistoryislimitedC.dredgingmachinescausedamagetotheportsD.soldartifactscanhardlyberegainedforresearch66.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.tointroduceayoungbranchoflearning.B.Todiscussthescientists’problems.C.Toexplainpeople’swayoflifeinthepast.D.Todescribethesunkenships.

第三部分:阅读理解共15小题每小题2分满分30分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑WhenIsteppedouttheplanefromMiamiintoCharlotteNorthCarolinaairportforaconnectingflighthomeIimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrong.Lotsofdesperatepeoplecrowdedtheterminal.IquicklylearnedthatflightsheadedtotheNortheastwerecalledoffbecauseofastorm.TheearliesttheycouldgetusoutofCharlottewasTuesday.ItwasFriday.A.gateagentstoodonthecounterandshoutedDon’taskusforhelp!Wecannothelpyou!Ijoinedacrowdthatranfromterminaltoterminalinsearchofaflightout.EventuallyIfoundsixstrangerswillingtorentavanwithmE.WedrovethroughthenighttoWashingtonwhereItookatraintherestofthewaytoProvidencE.Therealproblemofcourseisthatincidentslikethishappeneverydaytoeveryonewhofliesmoreandmoreoften.ItreallygetstomethoughbecauseforeightyearsIwasontheothersideasaflightattendantforTrans-WorldAirlinesTWA.IknowthedaysaregonewhenattendantscouldbewrittenupifwedidnotputthelinesnapkinswiththeTWAlogointhelowerright-handcornerofthefirst-classdiners’trays.AsarethedayswhentherewerethreedinneroptionsonflightsfromBostontoLosAngelesineconomyclass.Whenoncestuckonatarmac机场停机坪inNewarkforfourhoursaplaneloadofpassengersgotMcDonald’shamburgersandfriesbythoughtfulnessoftheairlinE.IhaveexperiencedthedeclineofservicealongwiththerestoftheflyingpubliC.ButIbelieveeverythingwillchangelittlebylittlebecauseIrememberthedayswhentoflywastosoar翱翔.TheairlinesandtheiremployeestookprideinhowtheirpassengersweretreateD.AndIthinkthedaysaresuretocomebackonedayinthenearfuturE.1..Manypeoplecrowdedtheterminalbecause________.A.theywerereadytoboardontheplanesB.somethingwaswrongwiththeterminalC.theflightstotheNortheastwerecanceledD.thegateagentwouldn’thelpthepassengers2.HowdidthewritergettoProvidenceatlast?A.byairB.byvanC.bytrainD.byunderground3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Incidentshappenedtothosewhoflyquiteoften.B.ThewriterusedtobeaflightattendantforTrans-WorldAirlines.C.Evenasmallmistakemightcausecomplaintsfrompassengersinthepast.D.McDonald’shamburgersandfrieswereamongregulardinneroptions.4.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthepassage?A.ThewriterlivedinCharlotteNorthCarolinA.B.ThewriterthoughttheservicewasnotasgoodasitusedtobE.C.Thewriterwithotherpassengerswaitedtobepickeduppatiently.D.PassengerswouldfeelproudofhowtheyweretreatedontheplanE.

PartB:ReadingComprehension20%A.Backpacksareconvenient.Theycanholdyourbooksyourlunchandachangeofclothesleavingyourhandsfreetodootherthings.Somedayifyoudon’tmindcarryingaheavyloadyourbackpackmightalsopoweryourMP3playerkeepyourcellphonerunningandmaybeevenlightyourwayhomE.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphiaandtheMarineBiologicalLaboratoryinWoodsHoleMass.haveinventedabackpackthatmakeselectricityfromenergyproducedwhileitswearerwalks.Thebackpack’selectricity-creatingpowersdependonspringsusedtohangaclothpackfromitsmetalframE.Theframesitsagainstthewearer’sbackandthewholepackmovesupanddownasthepersonwalks.A.mechanismwithgears传动装置collectsenergyfromthismotionandtransfersittoanelectricalgenerator.Surprisinglytheresearchersfoundpeoplewalkdifferentlywhentheywearthespringypacks.Asaresultwearersuselessenergythanwhencarryingregularbackpacks.Alsothewaythenewpacksrideonwearers’backsmakesthemmorecomfortablethanstandardpacks.Thebackpackcouldbeespeciallyusefulforsoldiersscientistsmountaineersandemergencyworkerswhotypicallycarryheavybackpacks.ThesepeopleoftenrelyonglobalpositioningsystemGPSreceiversnight-visiongoggles夜视镜andotherbattery-powereddevicestogetaroundanddotheirwork.Becausethepackcanmakeitsownelectricityusersdon’tneedtogiveupspaceintheirpackstolotsofextrabatteries.Fortherestofuspower-generatingbackpackscouldmakeitpossibletowalkplayvideogameswatchTVandlistentomusicallatthesametimE.Electricity-generatingpacksaren’tonthemarketyetbutifyoudogetoneeventuallyjustmakesuretolookbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet!65.Thepassageintroducesanewkindof______backpack.A.electronicB.electricity-producingC.electron-generatingD.electricity-controlling66.Thenewbackpackmakesuseof______toproducepower.batteriesplacedatthebottomoftheframethemotionofthepackwhilethewearerwalksenergythewearerconsumesforcarryingthepackthecollectivemotionofamechanismandsomegears67.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat______.thebackpacksofmountaineersmaybecomesmallerinthefuturethenewbackpackcanhardlybeproducedduetoitspotentialdangerthenewbackpackwillsomedayreplaceMP3playersandcellphonesthebackpackwillalsoprovideelectricityforlightingourhouses68.Anenormousdisadvantageofpower-generatingbackpacksmightbethat______.theymaystopworkingatanytimeittakesquiteawhiletohavetheenergytransferredtheymaydistractthewearer’sattentionfromroadsafetytheywillbeextremelyheavywiththemechanism

Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsoundsasmostanimalsdo.Insteadplantsproducevolatilecompoundschemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.Aflower’ssweetsmellforexamplecomesfromvolatilecompoundsthattheplantproducestoattractinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodetectvolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.A.treeunderattackbyhungryinsectsforinstancemaygiveoffvolatilecompoundsthatletothertreesknowabouttheattackInresponsetheothertreesmaysendoffchemicalstokeepthebugsaway-orevenchemicalsthatattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor传感器calledanelectronicnosE.Thee-nosecantellcompoundsthatcropplantsmakewhenthey’reattackeD.Scientistssaythee-nosecouldhelpquicklydetestwhetherplantsarebeingeatenbyinsectsButtodaytheonlywaytodetectsuchinsectsistovisuallyinspectindividualplants.Thisisachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhousesenclosedgardensthatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamworkedwithane-nosethatrecognizesvolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompounds.Basedontheseinteractionsthee-nosegivesoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistsanalyzeusingcomputersoftwarE.Totestthenosetheteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumberpepperandtomatoplantsallcommongreenhousecrops.Thenthescientistscollectedsamplesofairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedbyinsectsorbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch打孔器.Thee-noseitturnsoutcouldidentifyhealthycucumberpepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompoundstheyproducE.ItcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamageD.Butevenmoreimpressivethedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamagebyinsectsorwithaholepunchhadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.Withsomefinetuningadevicelikethee-nosecouldonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugstheresearcherssay.A.devicelikethiscouldalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeatsaysNataliaDudareveabiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayetteInD.whostudiessmellsofflowersandplants.HopefullyscientistsbelievethedevicecouldbringlargebenefitstogreenhousemanagersinthenearfuturE.49.Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby______.A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleavesC.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals50.Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutifthee-noseworked?A.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops..B.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevicE.C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.D.Theymadetestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.51.Accordingtothewriterthemostamazingthingabouttheenoseisthatitcan______.A.pickoutripefruitsB.spottheinsectsquicklyC.distinguishdifferentdamagestotheleavesD.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves52.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthee-nose_____.A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowersB.isnotyetusedingreenhousesC.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdueD.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulinsects

RecentlyacommitteeoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesinWashingtonreleasedareport.Itconfirmedthatworldtemperaturesincreasedaboutsix-tenthsofadegreeCelsiusinthelastonehundredyears.Thereportalsoconfirmedevidencethatthelevelofcarbondioxideinincreasing.ThebestinformationaboutclimateinthepastcomesfromtestsoficemanykilometersdeepinAntarcticaandGreenland.Thesetestsshowthatlevelsofcarbondioxidetodayarethehighestevermeasured.Thesefindingshaveledscientiststobelievethatcarbondioxideisamajorcauseofclimatewarming.CarbondioxideisreleasedintotheatmospherewhenfuelisburneD.Oilcoalandwoodareallfuelsthatreleasethegas.WhenbiologicalwastebreaksdownitalsoreleasescarbondioxidE.Howeverplantsusecarbondioxideintheprocesscalledphotosynthesis.ThisprocessprovidesfoodforalmostalllifeonEarth.Somegroupsthatsupportburningoilandcoalwanttoincreasetheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.TheyopposeinternationaleffortstocontrolcarbondioxidE.Somescientistsbelievethatforestsandtreesareabletocapturelargeamountsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.Somegroupsevensuggestthatanincreaseincarbondioxidecouldcauseplantstogrowfaster.ArecentstudyinNorthCarolinafoundthatmorecarbondioxideintheaircouldcausetreestogrowfaster.Buttheresearchersfoundtheeffectappearstolastforonlythreeyears.Anotherstudyshowedthatmuchofthecarbondioxidethatistakeninbytreesinreleasedwithinthreeyears.Thestudynotedthatleavesreleasedcarbondioxidewhentheyfallfromtreesandbreakdowninthesoil.Plantsalsonaturallyreleasecarbondioxidethroughtheprocessofrespiration.72.WhichoneisNOTmentionedinthispassagethatcanbethesourceofcarbondioxide?A.OilB.TreesC.WoodD.Soil73.ThecommitteereportofNationalAcademyofsciencesinWashingtonrevealsthat.A.icefromAntarcticaandGreenlandisappropriatetoshowthechangeB.carbondioxideisreleasedmainlyfromthefuelC.levelofcarbondioxideincreaseswithglobaltemperaturesD.carbondioxideishelpfulfortreegrowth74.Accordingtothispassagethosepeopledisagreewiththecontrolofcarbondioxidebecause.A.theythinkthatcarbonisbeneficialforplantgrowthB.theywanttousemorefuelsthatcansendoutcarbondioxideC.theythinkitwilldestroythenaturalbalanceofgasesintheworldD.theythinkcarbondioxideisnotthemainreasonforglobalwarming75.ThosestudiescarriedoutinNorthCarolinasuggestthat.A.morecarbondioxideisbeneficialfortrees’growthformanydecadesB.trees’functionforabsorbingcarbondioxideislimitedC.carbondioxideisthemaincauseforglobalwarmingD.leavesfallingfromtreescansendoutmoreoxygen

It'snottheflashiestcarintheworlD.NotevenclosE.Butthe1971VolkswagennamedHelioscandosomethingmostcarscan't:nmonsolarenergy–energyfromthesun'slightandheat!JoshuaBechtold14andtheotherstudentsattheRiversideSchoolinLyndonvilleVermontworkedmanymonthstogetHeliosreadyforthe1999AmericanTourdeSolSolistheLatinwordforsun.TheynamedtheircarafterHeliosthesungodinGreekmythology神话.The4-year-oldTourdeSolencouragestheuseofgreenorenvironmentallyfriendlycarstohelpreducepollutionandsaveenergy.It’snotaracE.Carsarejudgedonfuelefficiency耗油量ratherthanspeeD.Intheweek-longevent44carstookthe350-miletourfromWaterburyConnecticuttoLakeGeorgeNewYork.Ofthe23studentcarsHelioswastheonlyonebuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.A.teacherdroveHeliosbutthechildrentalkedwithpeoplewherevertheystoppedalongthemaD.ThatwasmyfavoritepartsaysAnnaBrowne15.Weexplainedhowthecarruns.Dueinparttooldinefficientbatteries电池Heliosfinishedfourth-outoffour-initskindthesun-poweredclass.WewerethereforthefunofitAnnasays.We'reproudofHeliossaysArielGleicher14.It'sacarthat'sgoodfortheenvironment.64.WhatisspecialaboutthecarHeliosinthetext?A.Itwasbuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.B.Ithasanattractivedesign.C.Itwasmadein1971.D.ItwonthefourthprizE.65.Howmanysun-poweredcarstookpartintherace?A.1.B.4.C.23.D.44.66.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext.'?A.TheMakingofHeliosB.1999AmericanTourdeSolC.Sun-poweredCarsontheRoadD.UseofGreenCarsinConnecticut67.ThestudentsfeltproudofHeliosbecause______.A.itcouldrunasfaras350milesB.itwasfavoredbymanychildrenC.ithadhigh-qualitybatteriesD.itwasdrivenbycleanenergy

MWhenPaulwasaboygrowingupinUtahhehappenedtolivenearacoppersmelter炼铜厂andthechemicalsthatpouredouthadmadeawastelandoutofwhatusedtobeabeautifulforest.OnedayayoungvisitorlookedatthiswastelandandcalleditanawfulareA.Paulknockedhimdown.Fromthenonsomethinghappenedinsidehim.YearslaterPaulwasbackintheareaandhewenttothesmelterofficE.Heaskediftheyhadanyplansoriftheywouldlethimtrytobringthetreesback..TheanswerfromthatbigindustrywasNo.Paulthenwenttocollegetostudythescienceofplants.Unfortunatelyhisteacherssaidthereweren'tanybirdsorsquirrelstospreadtheseeds.Itwouldbeawasteofhislifetotrytodoit.EveryoneknewthathewastolD.Evenifhewasknowledgeableashehadexpectedhewouldn’tgethisideaaccepteD.Paullatergotmarriedandhadsomekids.ButhisdreamwouldnotdiE.AndthenonenighthedidwhathecouldwithwhathehaD.AsSamuelJohnsonwroteItiscommontooverlookwhatisnearbykeepingtheeyefixedonsomethingremotE.Attainablegoodisoftenignoredbymindsbusiedinwideranges.Underthecoverofdarknesshewentsecretlyintothewastelandandstartedplanting.Andeveryweekhemadehissecretjourneyintothewastelandandplantedtreesandgrass.Forfifteenyearshedidthisagainsttheplaincommonsense.SlowlyrabbitsappeareD.LaterastherewaslegalpressuretocleanuptheenvironmentthecompanyactuallyhiredPaultodowhathewasalreadydoing.NowtheplaceisfourteenthousandacresoftreesandgrassandbushesandPaulhasreceivedalmosteveryenvironmentalawardUtahhas.IttookhimuntilhishairturnedwhitebuthemanagedtokeepthatimpossiblevowhemadetohimselfasachilD.WhenPaulwasaboy_____.hehaddecidednevertoleavehishometowntheeconomyofUtahdependedwhollyonthecoppersmelternolawsweremadetoprotecttheenvironmentagainstpollutionhehaddeterminedtostopthecoppersmelterpollutingtheareaWhydidPaulgotocollegetostudythescienceofplants?Hewantedtofindoutthebestwaytosavetheareahimself.Hewasinterestedinplantingtreessincehewasyoung.Hewantedtogetmoreknowledgeablepeopletohelphim.HethoughthisknowledgewouldmakehisadvicemorepersuasivE.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasetheplaincommonsenseprobablyreferto?ThatitwasimpossiblefortreestogrowonthewastelanD.ThathisnormalworkandlifewouldbegreatlyaffecteD.Thatnoonewouldliketojoinhimintheefforts.Thathehadtokeepeverythinghedidsecret.Themessageofthepassageisthat_____.actionspeakslouderthanwordsperseverance持之以恒willworkwondersGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselvesmanyhandsmakelightwork

Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Welldesignedtoolsandequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward别扭的handpositions.Theywillallowtheworkertokeeptheelbows肘nexttothebodytopreventdamagetotheshoulderandarm.Overuseinjuriescanthereforebepreventedorreducediftheemployerprovidesandworkersuse:●powertoolsratherthanhavingtousemuscle肌肉power●toolswithspeciallydesignedhandlesthatallowthewrist手腕tokeepstraightSeeFigure1.Thismeansthathandsandwristsarekeptinthesamepositionastheywouldbeiftheywerehangingrelaxedataperson’ssideFigurel.Bendthetoolnotthewrist●toolswithhandlesthatcanbeheldcomfortablybythewholehanD.ThismeanshavingaselectionofsizesrememberthattoolsthatprovideacomfortablefirmholdforapersonwithaverylargehandmaybeawkwardforsomeonewithaverysmallhanD.Thisisaparticularlyimportantconsiderationforwomenwhomayusetoolsoriginallydesignedformen.●toolsthatdonotpressfingersorfleshbetweenthehandlesandwhosehandlesdonothavesharpedgesorasmallsurfaceareA.60.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.GoodToolDesignforWomen.B.ImportanceofGoodToolDesign.C.ToolDesignandPreventionofInjuries.D.OveruseofToolsandWorkerProtection.61.Whichofthefollowingdescribesawell-designedtool?A.It’skeptclosetothebody.B.Itfullyusesmusclepower.C.ItmakesusersfeelrelaxedD.It’soperatedwithlessforcE.62.WhatisFigure1usedtoshow?A.Theeffectiveuseofthetool.B.Thewayofoperatingthetool.C.TheproperdesignofthehandlE.D.Thepurposeofbendingthewrist.63.Inchoosingtoolsforwomen_________ofthehandleisthemostimportant.A.thesizeB.theedgeC.theshapeD.theposition

BYourbodywhichhascloserelationswiththefoodyoueatisthemostimportantthingyouownsoitneedspropertreatmentandpropernourishment营养.TheoldsayingAnappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.isnotassillyassomepeoplethink.ThebodyneedsfruitandvegetablesbecausetheycontainvitaminC.Manypeopletakeextravitaminsinpillform丸剂believingthatthesewillmakethemhealthy.ButagooddietismadeupofnourishingfoodandthisgivesallthevitaminsyouneeD.Thebodydoesn'tneedoruseextravitaminssowhywastemoneyonthem?Inthemodemwesternworldmanypeoplearetoobusytobotherabouteatingproperly.Theythrowawaythegoodhabitsandthrowanythingintotheirstomachseatinghurriedlyandcarelessly.Thelistofillnessescausedormadeworsebybadeatinghabitsisfrightening.41.Fromthefirstsentenceweknowthat________A.allkindsoffoodyoueatcanbemadeintonourishmentB.yourbodyismadeupofthefoodyoueat.C.whatyoueathasgreateffectonyourhealthD.themoreyoueatthebetteryouwillfeel42.Howdoyouunderstandtheoldsayingunderlinedinthepassage?A.Eatingapplesregularlybringslotsofbenefitstoourhealth.B.Doctorsarenolongernecessaryifweeatanappleeveryday.C.Theappleisthebestamongallkindoffruits.D.Anappleisagoodwaytocureillnesses.43.Whatcanweconcludefromthesecondparagraph?A.Ourbodiesneedfoodorwecan'tlivE.B.Ofteneatingapplesisagoodhabit.C.Takingextravitaminpillsiscompletelyuseless.D.A.gooddietisofgreatimportanceforourhealth.44.Inmodernwesterncountries________.A.peopledon'twanttopaymoreattentiontotheireatingB.lotsofpeople'sillnessesarecausedormadeworsebybadeatinghabitsC.peoplethroweverythingintotheirstomachswithoutdigestion消化D.peopleareonlytoobusytocookmealsforthemselves45.Ifwewanttokeephealthyweshould________.A.onlyeatanappleadayB.eatproperlyC.takeasmanyvitaminpillsaspossibleD.throweverythingintoourstomachsslowlyandcarefully

Wormsantisandflowersliveinsoil.Fishcrabsandseaweedsliveinoceans.Birdsinsectsandmossliveintrees.soiloceansandtreesarehabitats一placeswhereanimalsandplantslive.Besidesofferingfoodandshelterhabitatsallowforgrowthandreproduction.Humanshoweverhavedestroyedmanyhabitats.Wechangeforestsintoparkinglots.Weturngrasslandsintoneighborhoods.Weturnbeachlandintoresorts.Weturn0ceansintochemicaldumps.Someplantsandanimalsadaptandsurvive.Othershoweverdie.Thechangesaretoomuchtoofast.Sometimesthedeathratebecomesgreaterthanthebirthrate.thentheextinctionoccurs.AnexampleofthishappenedonFlorida'seastcoastthehabitatoftheduskyseasidesparrow.ThishabitatchangedsuddenlyaslandwasdevelopeD.Andthesparrowswerenotabletoadapt.Moresparrowsdiedthanwereborn.In1987theduskyseasidesparrowbecameextinct.Noneexistintheworldtoday.Fortunatelyconservationeffortsareunderway.Manystateshavesetasidelandfornaturepreserves.Hereplantsandanimalsliveintheirnaturalhabitats.Somestateshavecreatedman-madehabitats.Artificialreefsforexamplehavebeenputinoceanwaters.Theartificialreefsarehabitatsforhundredsoffishandothermarinelife.In1970thefederalgovernmentpassedalawtoprotecthabitats.'Ibis～thattheeffortsofdevelopmentmustbestudied.Ahighwaydamorpowerplantmaynotbebuiltifplantsandanimalsendangered.Weweretoolatetosavetheduskysparrow.Hopefullyhowevertheseneweffortswillsaveotherplantsandanimals.63.Thispassageisconcernedwith＿.A.federallawsB.theduskyseasidesparrowC.habitatprotectionD.artificialreefs64.TheworstthatcanhappenwhenhabitatsaredestroyedisthatplantsandanimalsA.liveintheirnaturalhabitatsB.becomeextinctC.adaptandsurviveD.movetonewhabitats65.Theauthor’sfeelingaboutconservationeffortsisoneof＿.A.surpriseB.disrespectC.hopeD.enthusiasm66.Theauthorexplainstheeffectsofhabitatdestructionbypresentinga＿.A.real-lifeexampleB.personalnarrativeC.scientificstudyD.made-unstory

Whatwillpeopledieof100yearsfromnow?Ifyouthinkthatisasimplequestionyouhavenotbeenpayingattentiontotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinbio-technology生物技术.WiththehelpofnewmedicinethehumanbodywilllastaverylongtimE.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidentsmurderandwar.Today'sleadingkillerssuchasheartdiseasescancerandagingitselfwillbecomedistantmemory.IndiscussionoftechnologicalchangestheInternetgetsmostoftheattentionthesedays.Butthechangeinmedicinecanbetherealtechnologicaleventofourtimes.Howlongcanhumanslive?Humanbrainswereknowntodecidethefinaldeath.Cells细胞arethebasicunitsofalllivingthingsanduntilrecentlyscientistsweresurethatthelifeofcellscouldnotgomuchbeyond120yearsbecausethebasicmaterialsofcellssuchasthoseofbraincellswouldnotlastforever.ButtheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynewmedicinE.Sometimebetween2050and2100medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorsopeoplewillbeabletotakemedicinetorepairtheirorgans器官.Themedicinemadeupofthebasicbuildingmaterialsoflifewillbuildnewbraincellsheartcellsandsoon---inmuchthesamewayourbodiesmakenewskincellstotaketheplaceofoldones.ItisexcitingtoimaginethattheadvanceintechnologymaybechangingthemostbasicconditionalhumanexistencebutmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbecleareduponthewaytothiswonderfulfuturE.56.Accordingtothepassagehumandeathisnowmainlycausedby_______.A.diseasesandagingB.accidentsandwarC.accidentsandagingD.heartdiseasesandwar57.Intheauthor'sopinontoday'smostimportantadvanceintechnologyliesin_____.A.medicineB.theinternetC.braincellsD.humanorgans58.Humansmaylivelongerinthefuturebecause______.A.heartdiseasewillbefarawayfromusB.humanbrainscandecidethefinaldeathC.thebasicmaterialsofcellswilllastforeverD.humanorganscanberepairedbynewmedicine59.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.humanlifewillnotlastmorethan120yearsinthefutureB.humanhavetotakemedicinetobuildnewskincellsnowC.muchneedstobedonebeforehumanscanhavealongerlifeD.wehavealreadysolvedthetechnicalproblemsinbuildingnewcells.

Didyouknowthatwomen’sbrainsaresmallerthanmen’s?Theaveragewomen’sbrainweighs10%lessthanmen’s.Sinceresearchhasshownthatthebiggerthebrainthecleverertheanimalmenmustbemoreintelligent聪明的thanwomen.Right?Wrong.MenandwomenalwaysscoresimilarlyonintelligencetestsdespitethedifferenceinbrainsizE.Why?Afteryearsofstudyresearchershaveconcludedthatit’swhat’sinsidethatmattersnotjustthesizeofthebrain.ThebrainconsistsofgreymatterandIthasbeensuggestedthatsmallerbrainappearstoworkfasterperhapsbecausethetwosidesofthebrainarebetterconnectedinwomen.ThismeansthatlittlegirlstendtolearntospeakearlierandthatwomencanunderstandsortsofinformationfromdifferentsourcesatthesametimE.Whenitcomestotalkingtothebossonthephonecookingdinnerandkeepinganeyeonthebabyallatthesametimeit’swomenwhocomeoutontopeverytimE.Thereareotherimportantdifferencesbetweentwosexes.Aswhitematteristhekeytospatial空间的tasksmenknowbetterwherethingsareinrelationtootherthings.Agreatfootballeralwaysknowswhereheisinrelationtotheotherplayersandheknowswheretogosaysoneresearcher.Thatmayexplainoneoflife’sgreatmysteries:whymenrefusetoaskfordirectionsandwomenoftenneedto!Thedifferencesbeginwhenfetuses胎儿areaboutmineweeksoldwhichcanbeseenintheactionofchildrenadyoungasonE.A.boywouldtrytoclimbabarrier障碍物beforehimorpushitdownwhileagirlwouldattracthelpfromothers.Thesebraindifferencesalsoexplainthefactthatmorementakeupjobsthatrequiregoodspatialskillswhilemorewomenspeechskills.Itmayallgobacktoourancestors祖先amongwhomwomenneededspeechskillstotakecareoftheirbabiesandmenneededspatialskillstohuntaccordingtooneresearch.Ifallthisdisappointsyouitshouldn’t.Thebrainchangesthroughoutourlivesaccordingtowhatwedowithit.saysabiologist.57.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Women’sbrainis10%lessthanmen’sB.Greymatterplaysthesameroleaswhitematter.C.Greymattercontrolsthinkinginthebrain.D.Bothsexeshavethesameamountofwhitematter.58.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondandthirdparagraphs?A.WomenpreferdoingmanythingsatatimE.B.MendobetterdealingwithonejobatatimE.C.Womendonotneedtotelldirections.D.Menhaveweakerspatialabilities.59.Whichofthefollowingdoyouagreewithaccordingtothefourthparagraph?A.Youngboysmaybestrongerthanyounggirls.B.MorewomentakeupjobsrequiringspeechskillsC.Womenmayhavestrongerfeelingsthanmen.D.Ourancestorsneededmorespatialskills.60.Whatisthewriter’sattitudeinwritingthispassageA.DefensivE.B.PersuasivE.C.SupportivE.D.ObjectivE.

Everyyearmorepeoplerecognizethatitiswrongtokillwildlifeforsport.Progressinthisdirectionisslowbecauseshootingisnotasportforwatchingandonlythosefewwhotakepartrealizethecrueltyanddestruction.Thenumberofgunnershowevergrowsrapidly.Childrentooyoungtodevelopproperjudgmentsthroughindependentthoughtareledalongwayawaybytheirgunningparents.Theyaresubjectedtoadvertisementsofgunproducerswhodescribeshootingasgoodfortheirhealthandguncarryingasawayofputtingredderbloodintheveins血管.Theyarepersuadedbygunnermagazineswithstorieshonoringthechaseandthekill.Inschooltheyviewmotionpictureswhicharesupposedlymeanttoteachthemhowtodealwitharmssafelybutwhichareactuallydesignedtostimulate刺激adesiretoownagun.Wildlifeisdisappearingbecauseofshootingandbecauseofthelossofwildlandhabitat栖息地.Habitatlosswillcontinuewithourincreasingpopulationbutcanweslowthelossofwildlifecausedbyshooting?Theredoesn'tseemtobeanychanceiftheseriousconditionofourbirdsisnotimproveD.WildlifebelongstoeveryoneandnottothegunnersalonE.Althoughmostpeopledonotshoottheyseemtoforgiveshootingforsportbecausetheyknowlittleornothingaboutit.TheonlyanswerthenistobringthetruthaboutsportshootingtothegreatmajorityofpeoplE.Nowitistimetorealizethatanimalshavethesamerighttolifeaswedoandthatthereisnothingfairorrightaboutapersonwithagunshootingtheharmlessandbeautifulcreatures.Thegunnersliketodescribewhattheydoascharacter-buildingbutweknowthattowoundananimalandwatchitgothroughtheagonyofdyingcanmakenobodyhappy.Ifastheywouldhaveyoubelievegun-carryingandkillingimprovehuman-characterthenperhapsweshouldencouragewar.72.Accordingtothetextmostpeopledonotseemtobeagainsthuntingbecause___________.A.theyhavelittleknowledgeofitB.ithelpstobuildhumancharacterC.itistoocostlytostopkillingwildlifeD.theywanttokeepwildlifeundercontrol73.Theunderlinedwordagonyinthelastparagraphprobablymeans______________.A.formB.ConditionC.painD.sadness74.Accordingtothetextthefilmschildrenwatchatschoolactually__________.A.teachthemhowtodealwithgunssafelyB.praisehuntingascharacter-buildingC.describehuntingasanexerciseD.encouragethemtohavegunsoftheirown75.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorseemsto_____________.A.blamethemajorityofpeopleB.worryabouttheexistenceofwildlifeC.beinfavourofwarD.beinsupportofcharacter-building

TheMysteryoftheFlashingFirefliesDuringsummernightsfirefliesflashinthedarkness.TheylooklikebrightspotsoflightdancingonthebreezE.Catchingtheminajarforafewminutescanbefun.Firefliesarenotreallyfliesthough.Theyarewingedbeetles.ScientistsareusingthesespecialbeetlestolearnmoreaboutourworlD.ThereasonafireflyflasheditslightistofindamatE.Therearearoundtwothousandspeciesorkindsoffireflies.Firefliesmateonlywiththeirownspecies.Eachkindoffireflyhasitsownflashpattern.Itisimportantthatfirefliesrecognizethispattern.ThatwaytheycanfindbugsoftheirownkinD.ThemalefireflyfliesaroundintheskywhilethefemalefireflystaysclosetothegrounD.Formanyyearshowafireflyflashesitslightwasamystery.Scientistsnowknowthatafirefly’slightisacoldlight.Itgivesoffallofitspoweraslight.Itdoesnotproduceheat.A.normallightbulbgivesoffonlytenpercentofitspoweraslight.Therestofthepoweriswastedasheat.Thatiswhyalightbulbthathasbeenonforawhileisveryhot.Thefirefly’slightdoesnotfeelhotlikealightbulB.Scientistshavealsolearnedthatfireflieshaveasmallbuilt-inlantern.Thisspeciallanternislocatedinsideafirefly’sbody.Tocreatelightagasflowsthroughtinytubes.Thiscausesthefireflytolightup.A.fireflycanalsoturnitslightonandoffquickly.Thispuzzledscientists.Theylearnedthatshortburstsofthisgasmakethefireflyglow.Whenthegasfadesthelightgoesout.Thisprocesshappensveryquickly.Scientistsknowthatwhattheylearnfromfireflieswillbeimportant.Medicalstudiesusingfirefliesarehelpingscientistsfightillnessesinhumanbeings.Theyhavemadenewmedicinesfromthechemicalsusedbyfirefliestomakelight.Fireflieshavealsohelpedwithnewdiscoveries.Newflashlightsandflareshavebeenmadebasedonfireflies.Thesenewflashlightsandflaresproduceacoldlightlikeafirefly.ThiswayallthepowermakesthelightshinE.Thislittlebugmaybeapleasuretowatchbutitisalsoanimportantpartofourlives.WhydidtheauthormostlikelyincludeParagraph4?A.Toexplainhowfirefliesmakelight.B.Todescribedifferentkindsoffireflies.C.ToshowhowmuchpowerfirefliesusE.D.Todescribewhyfirefliesmakelight.WhichoftheseisthebestchoiceforaheadingforParagraph5?A.TheCoolLightofFirefliesB.WatchingFirefliesFlashC.UnderstandingthePatternsD.LearningfromFirefliesAccordingtothepassageafirefly’slightisdifferentfromalightbulb’slightbecausethefirefly’slight_______.A.shinesbrighterB.doesnotfadeC.lastslongerD.isnothotA.readerasksthisquestionaboutthepassage:Howmanydifferentkindsoffirefliesarethere?Whichparagraphfromthepassageanswersthequestion?A.Paragraph2B.Paragraph3C.Paragraph4D.Paragraph5Theauthormostlikelywrotethispassageinorderto__.A.tellwhyfireflieslightupB.givefactsaboutfirefliesC.showhowfireflieshelpdoctorsD.compareafireflytoalightbulb

Imaginethatthegenome基因组isabook.Thebookconsistsof23chapterswiththousandsofstoriesmadeupofparagraphswordsandlettersondifferentlevels.Thereareonebillionwordsinthebookwhichmakesitlongerthan5000volumesthesizeofthisbookoraslongas800Bibles.IfIreadthegenomeouttoyouattherateofonewordpersecondforeighthoursadayitwouldtakemeacentury.IfIwroteoutthehumangenomeoneletterpermillimetermytextwouldbeaslongastheRiverDanubE.Thisisanenormousdocument.A.hugevolumeacookbookofgreatlengthanditallfitsinsidetheextremelysmallnucleus核ofatinycellthatfitseasilyupontheheadofapin.Theideaofthegenomeasabookisnotstrictlyspeakingevenametaphor比喻Itistruetoagreatextent.A.bookisapieceofdigitalinformationwritteninone-directionalformanddefinedbyacodethattranslatesasmallalphabetoflettersintoalargedictionaryofmeaningsthroughtheorderoftheirgroupings.SoisagenomE.TheonlycomplicationisthatallEnglishbooksreadfromlefttorightwhilesomepartsofthegenomereadfromlefttorightandsomefromrighttoleftthoughneverbothatthesametimE.WhileEnglishbooksarewritteninwordsofdifferentlengthsusingtwenty-sixletters.Genomesarewrittenentirelyinthree-letterwordsusingonlyfourlettersAndinsteadofbeingwrittenonflatpagestheyarewrittenonlongchainsofDNAmolecules分子Thegenomeisaverycleverbookbecauseintherightconditionsitcanbothphotocopyitselfandreaditself.Howdohumangenomesreadaccordingtothepassage?A.Onlyfromlefttoright.B.Onlyfromrighttoleft.C.FrombothdirectionsatthesametimeD.FromonedirectionatatimeWecanlearnfromthepassagethatthehumangenome______.A.isaslongastheRiverDanubeB.canbeeasilyplacedontheheadofapinC.iscodedwithandalphabetoffourlettersD.issmartenoughtoreadandtakephotosofitselfItcanbeconcludedthatthepassageismainlywrittenfor______.A.specialistsinthefieldB.generalreadersC.naturalscientistsD.readerswithacademicbackgroundTherealpurposeoftheauthor’scomparisonofthegenometoabookis______.A.tofocusonthedifferencesbetweenthetwoB.tolayemphasisonthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoC.tosimplifytheconceptofthehumangenomeD.togiveanexactdescriptionofthehumangenome

ThePepperedMothakindofinsectisfoundinEnglanD.Itislightbrownincolorandlikestosettleontreeswhicharealsolightbrown.Thismakesthemothdifficulttobeseenandbirdsarelesslikelytonoticeandeatit.ButwiththedevelopmentofindustrysmokefromfactoriesbegantoreachthetreeswherethemothsettleD.Itmadethetreesblacker.Thensomethingverystrangetookplace:inindustrialareasthePepperedMothbegantochangecolor.Itbecamedarkeraswell.Althoughthechangetookseveralyearssomescientistssoonnoticedthatnewly-bornmothswerealittledarkerthanusual.A.scientistcalledKettleWelldecidedtomakeacarefulstudyofthis.HemarkedsomeofthelightmothsandsomeofthedarkeronesandsetthemfreeinthewoodsnearBirminghamanindustrialcity.LaterheretargetasmanythemarkedmothsaspossibleTheresultwasgiveninthechart.KettleWell’sresearchwasdoneintheearly1950s.SoonafterwardsBritainintroducednewlawstoreducesmokeandfactorypollution.CanyouimaginewhatwouldhappentothePepperedMothastheairbecamecleaneragain?lightmothsdarkermothsMothssetfree201601Mothsrecaught3416%20634%1.ThetreeswherethePepperedMothsettledchangedtheircolorbecause_____________________________.A.thePepperedMothchangeditscolorB.thePepperedMothcouldn’tbeeasilyfoundonthemC.industryinEnglanddevelopedquicklyD.thesmokefromfactoriespollutedthem2.ThePepperedMothbegantochangeitscolorinindustrialareasbecause_____________________________.A.itchangeditscolorallthetimeB.itwasfondofthecolorofitslivingplaceC.ithadtoprotectitselfbydoingsoD.itwasaspecialsortofinsect3.FromtheresultsofKettleWell’sresearchwecanseethat_________________.A.manymoreofthelightmothswerekilledoreatenB.morethanone-fifthofthelightmothsescapedbeingkilledC.threetimesasmanydarkmothswerekeptsafeaslightonesD.moredarkmothswerekilledinindustrialareas4.KettleWell’sworkgivesusagoodexampleof_________________________.A.AirPollutionB.ChoiceofColorC.LawsofNatureD.ChangingInsects5.Astheairbecamecleaner_________________________.A.thenumberofthelightmothsincreasedB.thetotalnumberofthelightmothsremainedunchangedC.moreofthedarkermothswouldberecaughtD.thedarkermothschangedintothelightonesbeforelong

You’resittingonthetrainhomeandthepersonoppositeyouyawns打哈欠.Suddenlyyou’reyawningwithhimthoughyou’renottireD.Thisphenomenonconfusedscientistsforyearsuntilarecentstudyfoundthatpeopletendtosympathizewithfellowhumans.Supportingthisclaimwasthediscoverythatthosechildrenwhowereunabletoformnormalemotionaltieswithothersdidnotexperiencecontagious有感染力的yawningwhichshowedthathumanscommunicateregularlywithoutwords.HugoCritchleyaneuroscientisthasconductedanexperimentrecentlywhichwillprovethathappinessandsadnesscanspreadlikethecommoncolD.AccordingtoCritechleyourmindandbodyareinconstantexchangeabouthowwe’refeeling.Emotionsarecloselylinkedwithstatesofinternal内部的responsesheexplaineD.Therearealsomorevisiblechangesinourgesturesandfacialexpression.Whenwe’reinagroupthesesignalscanspreadtoanotherperson.Forexamplethere’stheobvioustendencytosmilewhensmiledatandtherearelessobviouschangesthatreflectemotionsofsurpriseangerorsadnesssuchasachangeinourheartrateandbloodpressurE.HugoCritchleyfurtherexplainedOurbodiessynchroniesandwhenweliketheotherpersonweevercopyhisbehavior.Nexttimeyouchatwithafriendtakenotefohowyou’resitting―it’sprettylikelythatyouwillbethesamE.Scientistsbelieveit’sourwayoftellingeachotherthatwe’repartners.Throughbodylanguagehumansgiveeachotherverysubtle微妙的butclearsignalsthatshowemotions.Sowhatlessonscanwelearnfromthis?Spendtimewithhappypeople―otherwiseyourhealthcouldsuffersaidCritchley.Whenwe’resadourbodygoesintofightorflightmodE.Butwhenwe’rehappyourbodyworksnormallyandwefeelrelaxedandpositivE.Sowelookbrightourskinglowswefeelhealthyanditaffectseveryonearoundus.65.AccordingtoHugoCritchley________.A.emotionsareasvisibleasfacialexpressionsB.weyawnmorefrequentlywhenwehaveacoldC.emotionsareconnectedwithstatesofinternalresponsesD.thechangeofbloodpressureisnotlinkedwiththechangeofemotions.66.TheunderlinedwordsynchroniesinParagraph4means_____.A.moveslowlyB.changerapidlyC.relaxtemporarilyD.respondaccordingly67.Fromthepassagewecanlearn________.A.sadnessisascontagiousashappinessB.angerislesscontagiousthanfriendlinessC.surpriseismorecontagiousthansmileD.surpriseisthemostcontagiousamongemotions68.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Emotionshavedelicateinfluenceonfellowhumans.B.Childrenlikecopyingtheactionsoffellowhumans.D.PeopletendtocommunicatemorewithbodylanguagE.

Todayabout70countriesuseDaylightSavingTimeDST.DaylightSavingwasfirstintroducedduringWorldWarIinAustralia.DuringtheworldwarsDSTwasusedforthelatesummersbeginningJanuary1917and1942andthefullsummersbeginningSeptember1942and1943.In1967Tasmaniaexperiencedadrought干旱.TheStateGovernmentintroducedonehourofdaylightsavingthatsummerasawayofsavingpowerandwater.TasmanianslikedtheideaofdaylightsavingandtheTasmanianGovernmenthasdeclareddaylightsavingeachsummersince1968.PersuadedbytheTasmanianGovernmentallstatesexcepttwopassedalawin1971foratestuseofdaylightsaving.In1972NewSouthWalesSouthAustraliaandVictoriajoinedTasmaniaforregulardaylightsavingbutQueenslanddidnotdosountil1989.TasmaniaQueenslandandSouthAustraliahavehadirregularplansoftenchangingtheirdatesduetopoliticsorfestivals节日.Forexamplein1992Tasmaniaextended延长daylightsavingbyanextramonthwhileSouthAustraliabeganextendingdaylightsavingbytwoweeksfortheAdelaideFestival.SpecialdaylightsavingplansweremadeduringtheSydney2000OlympicGames.ThedifferencesindaylightsavinginAustraliacontinuetocauseseriousproblemsintransportandmanyothersocialactivities.Italsoreducesthenumberofhoursintheworkingdaythatarecommontoallcentersinthecountry.Inparticulartimedifferencesalongtheeastcoastcausemajordifferencesespeciallyforthebroadcastersofnationalradioandtelevision.72.DaylightSavingTimewasintroducedinTasmania_______________.A.tostopthedroughtin1967B.tosupportgovernmentofficialsC.topassaspeciallawinthestateD.tosavewaterandelectricity73.AccordingtothetextwhichstatewasthelasttouseDST?A.VictoriA.B.QueenslanD.C.SouthAustralia.D.NewSouthWales.74.WhatcanwelearnaboutDSTinsomeAustralianstates?A.Itdoesn’thavefixeddates.B.Itisnotusedinfestivals.C.Itsplanwaschangedin2000.D.Itlastsfortwoweeks.75.WhatdoweknowabouttheuseofDSTfromthelastparagraph?A.Thereexistsomeundesirableeffects.B.Ithelpslittletosaveenergy.C.Itbringsaboutlongerworkingdays.D.RadioandTVprogramsbecomedifferent.

Vegetablegardeningistherelaxingartandscienceofturningaloveforgrowingplantsintoaworthwhileactivity.Vegetablegardenersagreethatmanyhome-grownvegetablespickedattheirbestaresuperiortothosevegetablespurchasedfrommarkets.Fromspringthroughlatefallawell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanproveasupplyoffreshvegetablesthusincreasingthenutritionofthefamilydiet.FreezersmakeitpossibletokeepsomeofthevegetablestobeenjoyedatalaterdatE.OthervegetablescanbestoredforafewmonthsinacoolareA.Havingvegetablesinthebackyardmakeshomegardeningappealing吸收人的formanypeoplE.Inadditionvegetablegardeningprovidesexerciseandfunforbothurbanandsuburbanfamilies.AlthoughthemoneyspentforagardenmaybelittleonecannotescapethefactthatgardeningrequireshardworkandtimE.Manyofthegardeningtasksmustbeperformedattimesthataremostinconvenient.Notdoingjobsthatshouldbedoneonaregularbasismayresultinfailureandanegativefeelingtowardgardening.Oneshouldnotplantagardenthatistoolargeforhimtocarefor.A.smallwell-keptgardenismoreenjoyableandprofitablethanalargeneglectedonE.Vegetablesdowellinfullsunlightandneedatleastfiveorsixhoursofsunduringthemiddleoftheday.Toomuchshadingresultsinpoorplantsandfewvegetables.Ifpossiblethegardenshouldbenearthehousesothegardenercanworkinitatoddmoments.Soilsforvegetablesshouldbeeasilybrokenupandporous能渗透的forquickwaterdrainageandgoodaeration透气.A.deepfinesandygoodqualitysoilisbest.UsuallythehoeownerhaslittlechoiceinthesoiltypehecanchoosE.FortunatelymanyvegetablescanbegrownonpoorsoilsifthesoilsareproperlyprepareD.Home-grownvegetables___________.A.canremainstandingforalongtimeandneednotbepickedimmediately.B.havetobeeatenassoonastheyarepickedC.sellwellinthemarketbecauseoftheirgoodqualityD.pickedattherightmomentaremorenutritiousthanthoseboughtfromthemarket.Vegetablesgardeningisappealingformanypeoplebecause___________.A.itrequireslittlemoneyB.itisenjoyableandprofitableC.theycanworkinthevegetablegardenatoddmomentsD.itprovidesvegetablesforthefamilyalltheyearrounD.Theauthorsuggeststhatanidealvegetablegarden___________.A.shouldbesunnyB.shouldbewithinwalkingdistanceC.shouldbelarge-sizedD.shouldconsistofsandysoilWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.VegetableGardeninganEscapefromBoredomB.AnIdealVegetableGardenC.VegetableGardeningaWorthwhileActivityD.TheBestSoilforGrowingVegetables

Climatechangepollutionoveruseofwateranddevelopmentarekillingsomeoftheworld’smostfamousriversincludingChina’sYangtzE.India’sGangesandAfrica’sNilE.WWFsaidonTuesday.AtthegloballaunchofitsreportWorld’sTop10RiversatRiskthegroupsaidmanyriverscoulddryout.affectinghundredsofmillionsofpeopleandkillinguniqueaquatic水生的lifE.Iftheseriversdiemillionswilllosetheirlivelihoodsbiodiversity生物多样性willbedestroyedonamassivescaletherewillbelessfreshwaterandagricultureresultinginlessfoodsecuritysaiD.RayiSinghsecretary—generalofWWF—IndiA.ThereportlaunchedaheadofWorldWaterDaytodayalsocitedtheRioGrandein.theUnitedStatestheMekongandIndusinAsiaEurope’sDanubeLaPlatainSouthAmericaandAustralia’sMurray—Darlingasinneedofgreaterprotection.Riversaretheworld’smainsourceoffreshwaterandWWFsaysabouthalfoftheavailablesupplyisalreadybeingusedup.Damshavedestroyedhabitatsandcutriversofffromtheirfloodplains.whileclimatechangecouldaffecttheseasonalwaterflowsthatfeedthemthereportsaiD.FishpopulationsthetopsourceofproteinandoveralllifesupportforhundredsofthousandsofcommunitiesworldwidearealsobeingthreateneditfounD.TheYangtzebasinisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworldbecauseofdecadesofheavyindustrializationdammingandhugeinfluxes流入ofseaiment积淀fromlandconversion.ClimatechangeincludinghighertemperaturesalsomeansseriousconsequencesforfisheryproductivitywatersupplyandpoliticalsecurityinAfrica’saridNilebasin.Tributaries支流flowingintotheGangesaredryingupbecauseofirrigationWWFsaiD.Whatdoesthetextmainlyabout?A.SavingfreshwaterinourlifE.B.Howtoprotectourrivers.C.Animportantdiscovery.D.World’stop10riversareatrisk.Wecaninferfromthetextthat_____.A.rivers’dyingoutcouldaffectfoodsecurityB.therearefourAsianriversmentionedinthepassageC.theYangtzeispollutedthankstothelackofenoughtributariesD.highertemperaturescouldn’taffectfisheryproductivityWWFisprobablyanameof_____.A.anorganizationB.anewspaperC.amagazineD.areport

Mostrainforestslieclosetotheequator赤道wheretheclimateisoftenmildandtherearelonghoursofsunshinE.Thewarmthofthelandheatstheairabovecausingittoriseandtinydropsofwatertofallasrain.Therainfallcanreachatleast98inchesayear.ThiswetwarmworldwithplentyofsunlightisperfectforplantstogrowsothetreesgrowfastwithgreenleavesalltheyearrounD.ThetreesthemselvesalsohaveaneffectontheclimatE.Theygatherwaterfromthesoilandpassitoutintotheairthroughtheirleaves.ThewetairthenformscloudswhichhangoverthetreetopslikesmokE.Thesecloudsprotecttheforestfromthedaytimeheatandnight-timecoldofnearbydesertskeepingtemperaturesfitforplantgrowth.Rainforestsslightlyfartherawayfromtheequatorremainjustaswarmbuttheyhaveadryseasonofthreemonthsormorewhenlittlerainfalls.Treeleavesfallduringthisdryseasonandnewleavesgrowwhenthewetseasonormonsoon雨季begins.Thustheseareasareknownasthemonsoonforest.Anothertypeofrainforestgrowsontropicalmountains.Itisoftencalledthecloudforestbecausecloudsoftenhangoverthetreeslikefog.Therainforestistheidealplaceforthegrowthofmanydifferenttrees.Mostofthemdependonanimalstoeattheirfruitsandspreadtheirseeds.Whenthefruitsareeatentheseedsinsidethemgoundamagedthroughanimals’stomachsandarepassedoutintheirdroppings.Theseedslyingontheforestfloorthengrowintonewtrees.Theclimateoftherainforestsneartheequatoris_______.A.mildwetandwindyB.hotrainyandfoggyC.hotwetandcloudyD.warmwetandsunnyWecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.treeleavesaregreenallthetimeinthemonsoonforestB.thereisadryseasoninthecloudforestontropicalmountainsC.cloudshelptheplantsintherainforestnearthedesertstogrowD.theformationofclimateintherainforesthaslittletodowiththetreesAccordingtothepassage_______playthemostimportantroleinthespreadingofseeds.A.animalsB.droppingsC.fruitsD.windsThispassageismostlikelytobefoundin_______.A.atravelguideB.astorybookC.atechnicalreportD.ageographybook

Anaspirinadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Aspirinhaslongbeenpraisedasawonderdrugandhasbeeninyourfamilysinceyoucanremember.Notonlydoesitcurepainitalsolowerstheriskofheartattackandstroke中风.ButtakingthepillsdailymaynotworkforeveryonE.Althoughtakinganoccasionalaspirinortwoissafeformostadultstouseforheadachesbodyachesorfeverdailyuseofaspirincanhaveserioussideeffects.Upto60percentofusbothhealthypeopleandthosebeingtreatedforalltypesofheartdiseasemayhavesomelevelofresistancetoaspirin'sbenefits.Aspirinkeepsplatelets血小板fromstickingloweringtheriskofclotting结块.Peoplewhoareaspirin-resistantstillgetpainreliefbutnotthefullblood-thinningeffects.Howdoyouknowwhetheryou'reresistant?Newbloodtestscanhelpyourdoctordecidewhethertogiveyouadifferentmedicineespeciallyifyou'reatriskorarebeingtreatedforheartdiseasE.Thetestsaren'tyetwidelyavailablebutitdoesn'thurttoask.Peopletakingaspirindailyshouldlimittheamountofalcoholtheydrinkbecauseofitsadditionalblood-thinningeffectsandpotentialtoupsetyourstomach.Thusyoushouldnothavemorethanonedrinkifyou'reawomanortwodr/nksadayifyou'reaman.Doesdailyaspirintreatmentdifferbetweenmenandwomen?Recentstudieshavefocusedontheeffectsofaspirininwomenfindingthatitseffectsdifferbetweenthesexesandforwomenbetweenagegroups.AllinallaspirinisstillaneffectiveaffordableandsimpleoptionformanypeopleatriskofheartattackandstrokE.Thoughitisreadilyavailablealwayscheckwithyourdoctorbeforestartingdailyaspirintreatment.66.Aspirinhasgotthereputationofawonderdrugbecause__A.anaspirinadaykeepsthedoctorawayB.itcanmakepeoplefeellesspainfulC.ithelpstopreventheartattacksandstrokesD.itdoesn'thaveanyserioussideeffects67.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutaspirinisTRUE?A.Aspirindoeshaveblood-thinningeffects.B.Ifyouareresistanttoaspirinyouwon'tfeelpain.C.Peopletakingaspirinwon'tsufferfromheartattacks.D.60percentofpeoplecouldn'tbenefitfromAspirin.68.Whatdoweknowaboutthebloodtestsmentionedinthefourthparagraph?A.Thenewexaminationdoesn'thurtatall.B.Thetestsonlyhelpaspirin-resistantpeoplE.C.Doctorsdotheteststotestnewmedicines.D.Onlysomepeoplehaveevertakenthetests.69.Wecan/camfromthepassagethat__A.drinkingalcoholwillmakepeoplefeeluncomfortableB.drinkingalcoholcouldinfluencethefunctionofaspirinC.alcoholhasmuchgreatereffectsthanaspirinonblood-thinningD.peopleshouldnotdrinkanyalcoholwhiletakingaspirindaily70.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftakingaspirindaily?A.Peopleshouldbecarefultomakethisdecision.B.ThistreatmentiseffectiveaffordableandsimplE.C.ItcouldbeusedtocureheartattackandstrokE.D.Oldwomenshouldnotstartthiskindoftreatment.

Forhundredsofyearshumanshavedreamedoffindinglifeondistantplanets.NowthehopeofdiscoveringrealevidenceoflifehasgreatlyincreaseD.NASA’SMarsdetector探测器Opportunitysucceededinfindingsignsthatwateronceexistedontheplanet.ScientistsnowbelievethattheplanetcouldoncehavesupportedlifE.ThisdiscoverywaschosenbyScienceoneoftheworld’sleadingmagazinesasthemostimportantscientificachievementof2004lastFriday.Thislittlewheeledone-armedboxwentaroundanotherplanetandhasdonesomethingnohumanhasevermanagedaccordingtoSciencE.IthasdiscoveredanotherplaceintheuniversewherelifecouldoncehaveexisteD.Althoughwestillcan’tsaythatlifecouldhaveexistedinthisenvironmentitisnowcertainthattherewaswateronMarssaidSteveSquyresoneofthescientistsworkingontheMarsmission.TheevidencecomesfrompicturesandchemicalreadingstakenbyOpportunity.ItincludesmarksonrockslikethosecausedbyfollowingwateronEarthandsaltychemicalslikethosefoundindried-outsea-beds.ScientistssaidthenewevidenceprovedbeyonddoubtthatwaterhasexistedonMars.ButitisstillunknownwhetherthewaterwaslikeanoceanorjusticE.WhileOpportunityhasnotfoundanysignsoflifethepresenceofwatermeanslifeispossiblE.IneverythingweknowaboutlifeonEarththereisnoexamplewithoutliquidwaterSquyressaiD.SowaterisimportantforthesearchforlifeonMars.Researchersagreethatafuturemission任务shouldbringbackphysicalsamples样品.ButsomescientistsworryabouttheriskthatthiscouldintroducedangerousforeigncreaturestoEarth.Theproblemhereishowtogetthesamplesback.SquyresreplieD.Ithinkitisourresponsibilitytolimitanyrisk.61.WhatprovedthatwaterexistedonMars?A.Thephysicalsampleswithsaltychemicals.B.Scientificachievementsof2004.C.Themarksonrocksandsaltychemicals.D.CreaturesfromMars.62.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.ItisnowcertainthattherewaswateronMars.B.ThewateronMarswaslikeanocean.C.EvidenceoflifeonMarshasbeenfounD.D.SearchforlifeonMarsisagreatrisktohumans.63.HowdidscientistsdrawtheconclusionthattherewaswateronMars?A.Theworld’sleadingmagazinehasannouncedthefact.B.ScientistshavetakenmanypicturesandchemicalreadingsontheMars.C.AstronautshavegotsomerocksfromMars.D.ScientistshavemadeastudyofthepicturesandreadingssentbackbyMarsdetector.64.ItcanbeinferredthatifthecreaturesfromMarscametoearth.A.theywouldbekindtohumansB.theywouldbecrueltohumansC.theywouldbeagreatdangertoEarthD.itwouldbehardtosaywhetheritwouldbegoodnewsorbadnews

NationalGeographicSociety17THandMStreetsN.W.WashingtonD.C.20036U.S.A.Theyearis1991.Butjustforamomentyouwillfeelthecenturiesrollback.CloseyoureyesandyoucanalmostseeCharlemagnekneelingtoreceivehiscrownasHolyRomanEmperor.OranageingMichelangelostandinginthemiddleofrubble碎石staringatthestillunbuiltsky-sizedome圆顶大厦abovE.YouareinSt.Peter’sBasilicaheartofoneofthemostattractivenationsintheworldDearfriendEverynowandthenyouvisitaplacethatleavesalastingimpression–andmemoriesthatremainlongafteryou’vereturnedhomE.TheVaticanisoneofthoseunforgettableplaces.AsadevotedtravelerIhavealwaysbelievedthatthereisnoreplacementforbeingtherE.ThatisbeforeIsawNationalGeographic’snewvolume书卷withmyowneyes.InsidetheVaticanInsomewaysit’sbetterthanbeingtherE.TwoexperiencedGeographicstaffmembers–award-winningphotographerJamesStansfieldandwriterBartMcdowell–showyouasideoftheVaticanthatyoucouldneverseeifyouweretovisitasanordinarytourist.You’llviewsightsandtreasuresthatonlyafewareeverallowedtoobserveandhaveextraordinaryopportunitytobeclosetotheVatican’smuseumsandceremoniesandtothepeoplewholiveandworktherE.Examinethismagnificentvolume–freeinyourhomeYou’reinvitedtoreservethisattractivenewvolumenow.SimplyreturntheenclosedReservationCardandyoureditionwillbeshippedforyourfreeexamination.Sendnomoney.I’mconfidentthatonceyouseethisamazingbookyouwon’tbeabletoputitdown!INSIDETHEVATICANoffersyouandyourfamilymanyhoursofdelightandattraction.Withnoriskandnorequirementtobuywhynottakeamomentnowwhileyou’rethinkingofit–andmailtheenclosedcard?Welookforwardtohavingyoujoinusonthisunusualjourney.SincerelyMichelaEnglishP.S.Remembertoothatthisbeautifulvolumeisaperfectgiftforanyonewholovestravelhistoryorart.Butit’savailableonlybydirectorderthroughthesociety.53.Thepartbeforetheletter________.A.describesancientRomanEmperorCharlemagneB.introducesVaticanCitytheindependentstateinEuropeC.tellsaboutthefamousItalianscientistandartistMichelangeloD.givesanimaginarypictureofthegrandnessofNationalGeographicSociety54.‘DearFriend’isusedasagreetingbecausethewriter________.A.andthereaderknoweachotherverywellB.andthereaderhaveheardabouteachotherC.wouldlikethereadertotrustherD.wouldliketogettoknowthereader55.Whatthewriterintroducestothereaderisbasedonthevolume’s________.A.qualityofpresentationB.importanceofsalesC.historicalvalueD.valuetocollectors56.Thebookwillappealto________.A.therecipient接受者B.therecipienthiswifeandchildrenC.arthistoriansD.travelingsalesmen

SuperconductingMaterialsThestoneageTheIronAgE.Entireepochshavebeennamedformaterials.Sowhattocallthedecadesahead?Thechoicewillbetough.Welcometotheageofsuperstuff超级材料.Materialscience--oncetheleastsexytechnology–isburstingwithnewpracticaldiscoveriesledbysuperconductingceramicsthatmayrevolutionizeelectronics.Butsuperconductorsarejustpartofthepicture:fromhouseandcarstocookpotsandartificialteeththeworldwillsomedaybemadeofdifferentstuff.ExoticplasticsglassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputersciencE.Thekeytothenewmaterialsisresearchers’increasingabilitytomanipulatesubstancesatthemolecularlevel.Ceramicsforexamplehavelongbeenlimitedbytheirbrittleness.ButbyminimizingthemicroscopicimperfectionsthatcauseitscientistsaremakingfarstrongerceramicsthatstillretainsuchqualitiesashardnessandheatresistancE.FordMotorCo.nowusesceramictoolstocutsteel.A.firmcalledKyocerahascreatedalineofceramicscissorsandknivesthatstaysharpforyearsandneverrustorcorrodE.A.similartransformationhasovertakenplastics.High-strengthpolymersnowformbridgesice-skatingrinksandhelicopterrotors.Andonenewplasticthatgenerateselectricitywhenvibratedorpushedisusedinelectricguitarstouchsensorsforrobothandsandkaratejacketsthatautomaticallyrecordeachpunchandchop.Evenplasticlitterwhichoncethreatenedtopermanentlyblotthelandscapehasprovedamenabletomoleculartinkering.Severalmanufacturersnowmakebiodegradableforms;someplasticsix-packringsforexamplegraduallydecomposewhenexposedtosunlight.Researchersaredevelopingwaystomakeplasticsasrecyclableasmetalorglass.Besidescomposites–plasticreinforcedwithfibersofgraphiteorothercompounds–madetheround-the-worldflightofthevoyagerpossibleandhaveevenbeenprovedincombat:ahelmetsavedaninfantryman’slifebydeflectingtwobulletsintheGrenadainvasion.Someadvancedmaterialsareoldstandardwithanewtwist.Thenewestfiberoptic光学纤维的cablethatcarrytelephonecallscross-countryaremadeofglasssotransparentthatapieceof100milesthickisclearerthanastandardwindowpanE.Butnewmaterialshavenoimpactuntiltheyaremadeintoproducts.Andthattransitioncouldprovedifficultforswitchingrequireslengthyresearchandinvestment.ItcanbesaidafirmerhandleonhowtomovetocommercializationwilldeterminethesuccessorfailureofacountryinthenearfuturE.Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.FiveWhydoestheauthormentiongeneticengineeringandcomputerscience?A.Tocomparethemwiththenewmaterials.B.ToshowthesignificanceofthenewmaterialsonthefutureworlD.C.Tocomparethenewmaterialstothem.D.Toexplainhisviewpoint.Whyistransitiondifficult?A.BecausetransitionrequiresmoneyandtimE.B.Becausemanymanufacturersareunwillingtochangetheirequipment.C.Becauseresearchonnewmaterialsisverydifficult.D.Becauseittakes10years.WhereliessuccessofacountryintheNewAgeofsuperstuff?A.Itliesinresearch.B.Itliesininvestment.C.Itliesininnovation.D.Itliesinapplication.

NexttimeacustomercomestoyourofficeofferhimacupofcoffeE.Andwhenyou’redoingyourholidayshoppingonlinemakesureyou’reholdingalargeglassoficedteA.Thephysicalsensation感觉ofwarmthencouragesemotionalwarmthwhileacolddrinkinhandpreventsyoufrommakingunwisedecisions―thosearethepracticallessonbeingdrawnfromrecentresearchbypsychologistJohnA.Bargh.Psychologistshaveknownthatoneperson’sperception感知ofanother’swarmthisapowerfuldeterminerinsocialrelationships.JudgingsomeonetobeeitherwarmorcoldisaprimaryconsiderationeventrumpingevidencethatacoldpersonmaybemorecapablE.MuchofthisisrootedinveryearlychildhoodexperiencesBarghargueswhenbabies’conceptualsenseoftheworldaroundthemisshapedbyphysicalsensationsparticularlywarmthandcoldness.ClassicstudiesbyHarryHarlowpublishedin1958showedmonkeyspreferredtostayclosetoaclothmotherratherthanonemadeofwireevenwhenthewiremothercarriedafoodbottlE.Harlow’sworkandlaterstudieshaveledpsychologiststostresstheneedforwarmphysicalcontactfromcaregiverstohelpyoungchildrengrowintohealthyadultswithnormalsocialskills.Feelingsofwarmthandcoldnessinsocialjudgmentsappeartobeuniversal.AlthoughnoworldwidestudyhasbeendoneBarghsaysthatdescribingpeopleaswarmorcoldiscommontomanyculturesandstudieshavefoundthoseperceptionsinfluencejudgmentindozensofcountries.TotesttherelationshipbetweenphysicalandpsychologicalwarmthBarghconductedanexperimentwhichinvolved41collegestudents.A.researchassistantwhowasunawareofthestudy’shypotheses假设handedthestudentseitherahotcupofcoffeeoracolddrinktoholdwhiletheresearcherfilledoutashortinformationform:Thedrinkwasthenhandedback.AfterthatthestudentswereaskedtoratethepersonalityofPersonAbasedonaparticulardescription.ThosewhohadbrieflyheldthewarmdrinkregardedPersonA.aswarmerthanthosewhohadheldtheiceddrink.WearegroundedinourphysicalexperiencesevenwhenwethinkabstractlysaysBargh.51.AccordingtoParagraph1aperson’semotionmaybeaffectedby______.A.thevisitorstohisofficeB.thepsychologylessonshehasC.hisphysicalfeelingofcoldnessD.thethingshehasboughtonline52.TheauthormentionsHarlow’sexperimenttoshowthat______.A.adultsshoulddevelopsocialskillsB.babiesneedwarmphysicalcontactC.caregiversshouldbehealthyadultsD.monkeyshavesocialrelationships53.InBargh’sexperimentthestudentswereaskedto______.A.evaluatesomeone’spersonalityB.writedowntheirhypothesesC.filloutapersonalinformationformD.holdcoffeeandcolddrinkalternatively54.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.abstractthinkingdoesnotcomefromphysicalexperiencesB.feelingsofwarmthandcoldnessarestudiedworldwideC.physicaltemperatureaffectshowweseeothersD.capablepersonsareoftencoldtoothers55.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DrinkingforBetterSocialRelationships.B.ExperimentsofPersonalityEvaluation.C.DevelopingBetterDrinkingHabits.D.PhysicalSensationsandEmotions.

USbeesoperationkeepinggroupshavebeenattackedseriouslybysocalledColonyCollapseDisorder蜂群衰竭失调.Almost1/2oftheirworkerbeeshavevanishedduringthepastseason.ThisdisorderhasalsobeenreportedinIsraelEuropeandSouthAmericA.Beesflyawayfromthehiveandneverreturn.Sometimestheyarefounddead;othertimestheyareneverfounD.Manycropsandtreesdependonpollination---bybeestohelpthemgrow.A.newreportsaysavirusmaybeatleastpartlyresponsibleforthedisorderinhoneybeecoloniesintheUnitedStates.ThisvirusiscalledIsraeliacuteparalysisvirus.ItwasfirstfoundinIsraelin2004.LanLipkinatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkandateamreportedthenewfindingsinScienceMagazinE.DoctorLipkinsaysthevirusmaynotbetheonlycausE.Hesaysitmayworkwithothercausestoproducethecollapsedisorder.Theteamfoundthevirusincolonieswiththehelpofamapofhoneybeegenesthatwaspublishedlastyear.Theyexaminedthirtycoloniesaffectedbythedisorder.Theyfoundevidenceofthevirusintwenty-fiveofthemandinonehealthycolony.Thenextstepisfurthertestingofhealthyhives.TheresearcherssuggestedthattheUnitedStatesmayhaveimportedthedisorderinbeesfromAustraliA.TheysaythebeesmaycarrythevirusbutnotbeaffecteD.TheideaisthatunlikemanyAmericanbeestheabilityofAustralianbeestofightdiseasehasnotbeenhurtbythevarroasismitE.ThisinsectattackshoneybeeswhichcouldmakethedisordermorelikelytoaffectahivE.Australianbeeproducersobjecttothesesuspicions.AndsomeresearcherssuspectthatbeeproductionintheUnitedStatesisdownmainlybecauseoftheweather.Honeybeesgathernectarfromflowersandtrees.Thesweetliquidgivesthemfoodandmaterialtomakehoney.ButcoldweatherthisspringintheMidwestreducedtheflowofnectarinmanyflowers.ManybeesmayhavestarveD.Dryweatherinareasofthecountrycouldalsobeplayingapart.WayneEsaiasisaNASAspaceagencyscientistwhokeepsbeesinhisfreetimE.HelivesincentralMarylandwherehehasfoundthatflowersarebloomingamonthearlierthantheydidin1970whichmaybepartlyresponsibleforthedisorder.WayneEsaiasisorganizingagroupofbeekeeperstodocumentnectarflowaroundthecountry.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthecauseofthisdisorder?A.DoubtfulB.NeutralC.SupportiveD.NegativeThepassageismainlydevelopedby.A.presentingtheeffectandanalyzingitscausesB.makingcomparisonsbetweentwocountriesC.providingdataandexamplesD.followingthetimeorderHowmanypossibilitiesmaybeinvolvedinthebeedisorderaccordingtothepassage?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.SixFromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.AmericanbeesaremorelikelytodefendthemselvesagainsthurtfromotherinsectsthanAustralianonesB.A.collectionofplantsproductionintheU.SmaybeinfluencedbythebeedisorderC.IsraeliacuteparalysisvirusshouldberesponsibleforthedisorderD.Thesolutiontothedisorderwillbefoundeventually

A.devicethatstopsdriversformfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.ThesystemcalledDriverAlertaimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatiguE.DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristbanD.Thedevicewornbydriversorpilotsgivesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel方向盘.A.sensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundthedriver’sresponsE.Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver’sresponsetimE.Usuallyawatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespondbutoncethatfallstomorethan500millisecondsitsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersoundsshowingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdownthesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossiblE.Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment’slaboratoriesfortesting.Ifthesetestsscheduledforsixmonths’timearesuccessfulthemakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.AccordingtothetextDriverAlert______.A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesC.aimstopreventdriversformsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12monthsHowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?A.Bysoundingawarning.B.BytouchingthewristbanD.C.BycheckingthedrivingtimE.D.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.Wecanlearnformthetextthatthedriverneedstostopforabreakwhenhisresponsetimeis______.A.about400millisecondsB.below500millisecondsC.over500millisecondsD.about4minutesWhenthedrivergetssleepywhiledrivingDriverAlert______.A.movesmoreregularlyB.stopsworkingproperlyC.opensthewindowforthedriverD.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly

四阅读理解每小题2分共30分AYoumightthinkthatglobalwarmingmeansnothingmorethanariseintheworld’stemperaturE.Butrisingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation撤离ofanislandnation—thecitizensofTuvaluwillhavetohavetheirhomelanD.Duringthe20thcenturysealevelrose8-12inches.AsaresultTuvaluhasexperiencedlowlandfloodingofsaltwaterwhichhaspollutedthecountry’sdrinkingwater.PaaniLaupepaaTuvaluangovernmentofficialreportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusuallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocolaninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions导致温室效应的气体排放whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.ByrefusingtosigntheagreementtheUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluanstolivewheretheirforefathershavelivedforthousandsofyearsLaupepatoldtheBBC.TuvaluhasaskedAustraliaandNewZealandtoallowthegradualmoveofitspeopletobothcountries.Tuvaluisnottheonlycountrythatisvulnerable易受影响的torisingsealevels.MaumoonGayoonpresidentoftheMaldivestoldtheUnitedNationsthatglobalwarminghasmadehiscountryof311000anendangerednation.56.Thetextismainlyabou_________.A.rapidchangesinearth’stemperatureB.badeffectsofglobalwarmingC.movingofacountrytoanewplaceD.reasonsforlowlandflooding57.AccordingtoscientiststheDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis________.A.greenhousegasemissionsinindustrializednationsB.highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC.continuousglobalwarmingD.risingsealevels58.LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot_______.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB.signanagreementwithTuvaluC.allowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal

EClimatehasbeenamajordriverofarmedconflictinAfricaresearchshows—andfuturewarmingislikelytoincreasethenumberofdeathsfromwar.USresearchersfoundthatacrossthecontinentconflictwasabout50%morelikelyinunusuallywarmyears.WritinginProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesPNAStheysuggestconflictariseswhenthefoodsupplyisnotenoughinwarmconditions.Climaticfactorshavebeenmentionedasareasonforseveralrecentconflicts.OneisthefightinginDarfurinSudanthathaskilled200000peopleandforcedtwomillionmorefromtheirhomes.Previousresearchhasshownanassociationbetweenlackofrainandconflictbutthisisthoughttobethefirstclearevidenceofatemperaturelink.Theresearchersuseddatabasesoftemperaturesacrosssub-SaharanAfricafortheperiodbetween1981and2002andlookedforconnectionsbetweenaboveaveragewarmthandcivilconflictinthesamecountrythatleftatleast1000peopledeaD.StudiesshowthatcropoutputintheregionisreallysensitivetosmallshiftsintemperatureevenofhalfadegreeorsoresearchleaderMarshallBurkefromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleytoldBBCNews.OurfindingsprovidestrongmotivationtoincreaseinvestmentsinAfricanadaptationtoclimatechangebysuchstepsasdevelopingcropvarietieslesssensitivetoextremeheatandpromotinginsuranceplanstohelpprotectfarmersfromnegativeeffectsofthehotterclimatesaidDrBurkE.IftheargumentisthatthetrendtowardsrisingtemperatureswillincreaseconflictthenweneedtodosomethingaroundclimatechangebutmorefundamentallyweneedtoresolvetheconflictsinthefirstplacE.Ifthesub-SaharanclimatecontinuestowarmandlittleisdonetohelpitscountriesbetteradapttohightemperaturesthehumancostsarelikelytobeunimaginablE.Iftemperaturesriseacrossthecontinentascomputermodelsprojectfutureconflictsarelikelytobecomemorecommonresearcherssuggest.Theirstudyshowsanincreaseofabout50%overthenext20years.WhenprojectionsofsocialtrendssuchaspopulationincreaseandeconomicdevelopmentwereincludedintheirmodelofafutureAfricatemperaturerisestillemergedasalikelymajorcauseofincreasingarmedconflict.Atnextmonth'sUNclimatesummit峰会inCopenhagengovernmentsareduetodebatehowmuchmoneytoputintohelpingAfricancountriesprepareforandadapttonegativeeffectsofclimatechangE.57.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisoneofthereasonsforthefightinginDarfurinSudan?A.Shortageofdrinkingwater.B.Racialdiscrimination.C.RisingtemperaturE.D.DemandforplantinglanD.58.WhatcanweknowfromtheresearchdonebytheUSresearchers?A.Thereisnocloserelationbetweenrainfallandconflict.B.Temperaturegreatlyaffectscropproductioninsub-SaharanAfricA.C.Temperaturewillrisebyabout50%inAfricaoverthenexttwodecades.D.WithworldcooperationconflictsinAfricawillbereducedbyhalf20yearslater.59.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Somethingmustbedonetohelpsub-Saharancountrieswithbetteradaptationtoclimatechangetoavoiddisaster.B.Conflictsinsub-SaharancountriesaresuretobeontheriseinfuturE.C.Temperatureinsub-SaharancountrieswillriseatafasterspeeD.D.Hightemperatureswillmakesub-Saharancountriesunfittolivein.60.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.WorldcooperationagainstAfricanconflictB.Africa'ssufferingsfromclimatechangeC.FoodshortagesleadtoAfricanconflictD.ClimatedrivesAfricanconflict

CDisposing处理ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincitiesthewastedisposalproblembecomesincreasinglydifficult.DuringtheeighteenthcenturyitwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsitE.Residentsortrashhaulers垃圾拖运者wouldtransporthouseholdrubbishrottedwoodandoldpossessionstothesitE.PeriodicallysomeofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburieD.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.Factoriesmillsandotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspacE.Dumpswhicharenowcalledlandfillsaremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.SuchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurposE.Propertyiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidentialneighborhoods.Longdistancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewherecheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisnonexistent.Awareness意识ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.PollutionofriversgroundwaterlandandairisapricepeoplecannotlongerpaytogetridofwastE.Theamountofwastehowevercontinuestogrow.Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplaceandmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Eventhemostefficientrecyclingprogramshowevercanhopetodealwithonlyabout50percentofacity'sreusablewastE.64.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A.PlacesforDisposingWasteB.WastePollutionDangersC.WaysofGettingRidofWasteD.WasteDisposalProblem65.Duringthe18thcenturypeopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysexceptfor_______.A.buryingitB.recyclingitC.burningitD.throwingitintorivers66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Farmareaswillcontinueacceptingwastefromthecityinmodernsociety.B.Thereischeaplandtoburywasteinmodernsociety.C.Itisdifficulttofindspacetoburywasteinmodernsociety.D.WaystodealwithwasteinmodernsocietystaythesamE.67.Themainpurposeofwritingthisarticleisto_______.A.drawpeople'sattentiontowastemanagementB.warnpeopleofthepollutiondangerswearefacingC.callonpeopletotakepartinrecyclingprogramsD.tellpeopleabetterwaytogetridofthewaste

Forcenturiestheonlyformofwrittencorrespondence通信wastheletter.Letterswereandaresentbysomeformofpostalservicethehistoryofwhichgoesbackalongway.IndeedtheEgyptiansbegansendinglettersfromabout2000BCasdidtheChineseathousandyearslater.Ofcoursemodernpostalservicesnowaremuchmoredevelopedandfasterdependingastheydooncarsandplanesfordelivery.Yettheyarestilltooslowforsomepeopletosendurgentdocuments紧急文件andletters.Theinventionofthefax传真machineincreasedthespeedofdeliveringdocumentsevenmore.Whenyousendafaxyouaresendingacopyofapieceofcorrespondencetosomeonebytelephoneservice.Itwasnotuntiltheearly1980sthatsuchaservicewasdevelopedenoughforbusinessestobeabletofaxdocumentstoeachother.Thefaxserviceisstillverymuchinusewhencopiesofdocumentsrequiretobesentbutasawayoffastcorrespondenceithasbeenlargelytakentheplaceofbyemail.Emailisusedtodescribemessagessentfromonecomputerusertoanother.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantageswithemails.Ifyousendsomeoneandemailthenhewillreceiveitextremelyquickly.NormalpostalservicesareratherslowasfarasspeedofdeliveryisconcerneD.Howeverifyouwritesomethingbyemailwhichyoumightlaterregretandsenditimmediatelythereisnochanceforsecondthoughts.Atleastifyouarepostingaletteryouhavetoaddressandseal封theenvelopeandtakeittothepostbox.ThereisplentyoftimetochangeyourminD.Themessageisthinkbeforeyouemail!41.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.A.emailislesspopularthanthefaxserviceB.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomefasterC.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomeslowerD.thefaxservicehasahistoryaslongasthepostalservicedoes42.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.A.thefaxservicehadbeenfullydevelopedbythe1980sB.lettershavebeenusedinChinaforabout1000yearsC.thefaxmachinewasinventedafterthe1980sD.lettershavebeenusedinEgyptforabout2000years43.Inthelastparagraphthewritermentionsthinkbeforeyouemailtoshowthat.A.youmayregretifyoudon’tsealyourenvelopeB.youmayregretbeforeyousendsomethingbyemailC.you’dbetternotsendyouremailinahurryD.youneedplentyoftimetosendanemail44.Thetextmainlydealswith.A.theprogressincorrespondenceB.theadvantageoffaxmachinesC.theadvantageofemailsD.theinventionoffaxmachines

Technologyistheapplication应用ofknowledgetoproduction.ThankstomoderntechnologywehavebeenabletoincreasegreatlytheefficiencyofourworkforcE.Newmachinesandnewmethodshavehelpedcutdowntimeandexpensewhileincreasingoveralloutput.Thishasmeantmoreproductionandahigherstandardofliving.FormostofusinAmericamoderntechnologyisthoughtofasthereasonwhywecanhavecarsandtelevisionsets.Howevertechnologyhasalsoincreasedtheamountoffoodavailabletousbymeansofmodernfarmingmachineryandanimalbreedingtechniquesandhasextendedourlifespanvia通过medicaltechnology.Willmankindcontinuetolivelongerandhaveahigherqualityoflife?Inlargemeasuretheanswerdependsontechnologyandourabilitytouseitwidely.Ifwekeepmakingprogressaswehaveoverthepastfiftyyearstheanswerisdefinitelyyes.Theadvancementoftechnologydependsuponresearchanddevelopmentandthelateststatistics统计showthattheUnitedStatesiscontinuingtopumpbillionsofdollarsannually每年intosuchefforts.Sowhilewearerunningoutofsomescarceresources少的资源wemaywellfindtechnologicalsubstitutes代用品formanyofthemthroughourresearchprograms.Thereforeinthefinalanalysisthethreemajorfactorsofproductionlandlaborandcapitalareallinfluencedbytechnology.Whenweneednewskillsontechniquesinmedicinepeoplewillstartdevelopingnewtechnologytomeetthoseneeds.AsequipmentprovestobesloworinefficientnewmachineswillbeinventeD.Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingusmaintainourstandardofliving.1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThedefinitionoftechnologyB.ModerntechnologyC.TheapplicationoftechnologyD.Thedevelopmentoftechnology2.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Moderntechnologyisthekeytotheimprovementofstandardofliving.B.Thethreemajorfactorsofproductionlandlaborandcapitalareallinfluencedbytechnology.C.Technologyistheresponsetoourneeds.D.TheUnitedStatesismakinggreateffortstoadvanceitstechnology.3.Accordingtothepassagepeoplecanlivealonglifewiththehelpof_______.A.higherqualityoflifeB.medicaltechnologyC.modernfarmingmachineryD.technologicalsubstitute

Thehumanbraincontainstenthousandmillioncellsandeachofthesemayhaveathousandconnections.Suchenormousnumbersusedtodiscourageusandcauseustodismissthepossibilityofmakingamachinewithhuman－likeabilitybutnowthatwehavegrownusedtomovingforwardatsuchapacewecanbelesssurE.Quitesooninonly10or20yearsperhapswewillbeabletoassemble装配amachineascomplexasthehumanbrainandifwecanwewill.Itmaythentakeusalongtimetorender致使itintelligentbyloadingintherightsoftwareorbyaltering改变thearchitecturebutthattwowillhappen.Ithinkitiscertainthatindecadesnotcenturiesmachinesofsiliconwillarisefirsttorival媲美andthenexceedtheirhumanancestors.Oncetheyexceedustheywillbecapableoftheirowndesign.Inarealsensetheywillbeabletoreproducethemselves.Siliconwillhaveendedcarbon'slongcontrol.AndwewillnolongerbeabletoclaimourselvestobethefinestintelligenceintheknownuniversE.Astheintelligenceofrobotsincreasedtomatchthatofhumansandastheircostdeclinesthrougheconomiesofscale规模经济wemayusethemtoexpandourfrontiersfirstonearththroughtheirabilitytowithstandenvironmentsharmfultoourselves.ThusdesertsmaybloomandtheoceanbedsbemineD.Furtheraheadbyacombinationofthegreatwealththisnewagewillbringandthetechnologyitwillprovidetheconstructionofavastman－createdworldinspacehometothousandsofmillionsofpeoplewillbewithinourpower.68.Inwhatwaycanwemakeamachineintelligent?A.BymakingitworkinsuchenvironmentsasdesertsoceansorspaceB.Byworkinghardfor10or20yearsC.ByeitherprogrammingitorchangingitsstructureD.Byreproducingit69.Thewordcarbonstandsfor.A.intelligentrobotsB.achemicalelementC.anorganicsubstanceD.humanbeings70.Arobotcanbeusedtoexpandourfrontierswhen.A.itsintelligenceandcostarebeyondquestionB.itisabletobeartheroughenvironmentC.itismadeascomplexasthehumanbrainD.itsarchitectureisdifferentfromthatofthepresentones71.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.aftertheinstallationofagreatnumberofcellsandconnectionsrobotswillbecapableofself-reproductionB.withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnologypeoplehavecometorealizethepossibilityofmakingamachinewithhuman-likeabilityC.oncewemakeamachineascomplexasthehumanbrainitwillpossessintelligencE.D.robotswillhavecontrolofthevastman-madeworldinspace

OnMay212000someAmericanscientistswereworkingatthecomputerstolookforinformationtheyneeded.Suddenlytheysawalotofverybrightredspotscrossingthecomputers’screens.Atthesametimethecomputerswereworkingmuchslower.Tofindoutwhatwashappeningtheystoppedtheirworktochecksomepartsofthecomputers.Totheirhorrortheyfoundoutthatmostoftheirstoredinformationwasgotridofbycomputerviruses病毒.Obviouslyallthesecomputershadbeeninfectedbycomputerviruses.ItissaidthatthecomputervirusesweremadebytwoorthreePhilippineyoungmenfondofplayingtricks.Theyallhadexcellenteducation.TheycreatedthevirusesjusttoshowtheirintelligencE.ThekindofcomputervirusisnamedILoveYouVirus.Thisviruscanhideincomputersforlong.Whenthetimecomestheywillattackthecomputersbyloweringtheimportantfunctionsdamagingtheirnormalprogramsorevengettingridofagreatdealofinformationwhichoperatorsofthecomputersoftenuseorstorewhat’sworseitstillcanreproduceitselfingreatquantitieswithinashorttimE.WecometoknowthatILoveYouVirusoftenattackscomputersonMondaysandthatitisspreadingtomanycomputersintheworlD.AmongthecountriesthatsufferedcomputerviruseslastyearareBritainAustraliaSwitzerlandandtheUSA.Thosewhomadethecomputermuseshavebeenfoundoutslowlyandcarefully.Buttillnowhowtogetridoftheterriblevirusesremainsaproblem.1.Whenthevirusesattackthecomputersthecomputerswillwork_______.A.normallyB.abnormallyC.fasterD.well2.TwoorthreePhilippineyoungmencreatedthecomputervirusesto_______.A.damagethecomputersB.testtheirabilityquicklyC.telltheworldthattheywereintelligentD.playatrickinoperatorsofthecomputers3.Accordingtothepassagecomputervirusesseemto________.A.havebeeninnatureforyearsB.existinanycomputersC.beabletobegotridofinthenearfutureD.bedifficulttogetridofatpresent4.Themostseriousdamagecausedbythevirusesisthat_______.A.thecomputer’sfuntionsareloweredB.thenormalprogramsaredamagedC.alltheinformationstoredinthecomputersisgoneD.thecomputersinfectedbythevirusescannolongerbeused5.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Scientistsaretryingtofindawaytogetridoftheviruses.B.TheviruseswillcometothenewcomputerafterstayingintheoldoneforsometimE.C.Lastyearfourcountriesfoundtheircomputerswereinfectedbyviruses.D.TheILoveYouVirusisagreatharmtohumanhealth.

In1901H.G.WellsanEnglishwriterwroteabookdescribingatriptothemoon.Whentheexplorers探险者landedonthemoontheydiscoveredthatthemoonwasfullofundergroundcities.Theyexpressedtheirsurprisetothemoonpeopletheymet.InturnthemoonpeopleexpressedtheirsurprisE.Why?theyaskedareyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon’tevenuseyourinnerspace?H.G.Wellscouldonlyimaginetraveltothemoon.In1969humanbeingsreallydidlandonthemoon.Peopletodayknowthattherearenoundergroundcitiesonthemoon.HoweverthequestionthatthemoonpeopleaskedisstillaninterestingonE.A.growingnumberofscientistsareseriouslythinkingaboutit.UndergroundsystemsarealreadyinplacE.Manycitieshaveundergroundcarparks.InsomecitiessuchasTokyoSeoulandMontrealtherearelargeundergroundshoppingareas.TheChunnelatunnel隧道connectingEnglandandFranceisnowcompletE.Butwhataboutundergroundcities?Japan’sTaiseiCorporationisdesigninganetworkofundergroundsystemscalledAliceCities.Thedesignersimagineusingsurfacespaceforpublicparksandusingundergroundspaceforflatsofficesshoppingandsoon.A.solardome太阳能穹顶wouldcoverthewholecity.Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwaytousetheearth’sspacE.Thesurfacetheysaycanbeusedforfarmsparksgardensandwilderness.H.G.WellsmoonpeoplewouldagreE.Wouldyou?5.TheexplorersinH.G.Wells’storyweresurprisedtofindthatthemoonpeople.A.knewsomuchabouttheearthB.understoodtheirlanguageC.livedinsomanyundergroundcitiesD.wereaheadoftheminspacetechnology6.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditparagraph2referto?A.Discoveringthemoon’sinnerspacE.B.Usingtheearth’sinnerspacE.C.Meetingthemoonpeopleagain.D.TravelingtoouterspacE.7.Whatsortofundergroundsystemsarealreadyherewithus?A.Officesshoppingareaspowerstations.B.Tunnelscarparksshoppingareas.C.Gardenscarparkspowerstations.D.Tunnelsgardensoffices.8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AliceCities—citiesofthefutureB.SpacetravelwithH.G.WellsC.EnjoylivingundergroundD.Buildingdownnotup

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodD.eatentirelydifferentfoodWhichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.C.Thebear.B.ThesmallbirD.D.Thefox.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen___________.A.theseasonchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesB.thefoodcolorchangesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmellsWecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet

Doyouwanttoseetheeffectsofglobalwarming?Thenheadnorth.RecentstudiesindicatethattheNorthPolecouldbeunderwaterduringthesummerinlessthan10yearsinsteadofcoatedinthickseaicE.ButseeingtheArcticterrain地带upcloseisn’teasyunlessyou’rehandywithadogsleD.Stegerisgoingtotakeallofusthere.Steger64isagreatpolarexplorer.HewasthefirstpersontomakeadogsledtriptotheNorthPoleandisalsoadevotedenvironmentalistwhowasearlytoringthealarmbellonglobalwarming.Stegerisabouttoleadateamofsixyoungadventurersona1400-mile60-day-longdogsledtripacrossEllesmereIslandintheCanadianArctiC.Theseaiceinthatregionshouldstillbefrozen.WewanttotakeouraudiencetothefrontlinesofglobalwarmingsaysSteger.Theteamwillbeuploadingvideosstoriesandphotostothewebsiteglobalwarming101.comastheymarchalongallowingarmchairadventurersandkidsinclassroomstofollowtheirprogressdaytoday.Steger’steamwillincludesomealready-famousyoungexplorers.SamBranson22-yearoldisanexperiencedArctictraveler.Alsoonthejourneywillbe27-year-oldNorwegianSigridEkran.LastyearEkranbecomeonlythesecondwomaninhistorytowinRookie新秀oftheYearfortheIditarodSledDogRacE.Whattheywillseemaybesurprising.EvenStegerdoesn’tknowexactlywhattoexpect.ClimatechangehasalreadyreshapedthegeographyoftheArctiC.Withinadecadeorlessit’sgoingtobeimpossibletoreachtheNorthPolebydogteamwithoutflotation漂浮saysSteger.60.WecanlearnfromParagraph1that.A.climatechangehappensonlyinthefarnorthB.theeffectsofclimatechangeareobviousintheArcticterrainC.climatechangeisgoingtobethebiggestissuefacinghumanraceD.climatechangeistheresultofpollution61.Itcanbeinferredthattheaimofthedogsledtripisto.A.encourageyoungpeopletoexploretheArcticB.presenttheArcticterraintogeographyclassesC.studythecauseofclimatechangeinpolarregionD.raiseawarenessofthedamagethatclimatechangeiscausinginpolarregions62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSteger’steamisTRUE?A.SamBransonamemberisskilledattravellingintheArctiC.B.Stegertheleaderisagreatenvironmentalexpert.C.EkranamemberisthesecondwomantohavereachedtheNorthPolE.D.AllthemembersareexperiencedArcticexplorers.63.WhydoesStegerNOTknowwhattheywillseeduringtheirtrip?A.Becauseitwillbethefirsttimeforhimtogothatfarnorth.B.Becausetheseaiceinthatregionshouldstillbefrozen.C.Becausethegeographytherehaschangedduetowarmertemperatures.D.BecausetheywillgotherebyboatinsteadofbysledgE.

Wehaveseenthatpesticides杀虫剂nowpollutesoilwaterandfoodandthattheyhavethepowertomakeourriversfishlessandourgardensandwoodlandssilentandbirdless.ManhowevermuchhemayliketopretendtheoppositeispartofnaturE.Canheescapeapollutionthatisnowsothoroughlyspreadthroughoutourworld?Weknowthatevensingleexposure暴露tothesechemicalsiftheamountislargeenoughcancauseextremelyseverepoisoning.Butthisisnotthemajorproblem.Thesuddenillnessordeathoffarmersfarmworkersandothersexposedtoenoughquantitiesofpesticidesisverysadandshouldnothappen.ForthepopulationasawholewemustpaymoreattentiontothedelayedeffectsoftakinginsmallamountsofthepesticidesthatunseeablypolluteourworlD.Responsible负责的publichealthofficialshavepointedoutthatthebiologicaleffectsofchemicalsareincreasinginamountoverlongperiodsoftimeandthatthedangertomanmaydependontheamountoftheexposuresreceivedthroughouthislifetimE.Fortheseveryreasonspeopleeasilytakenonoticeofthedanger.Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmayseemtousafuturedisaster灾害.MenarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseaseswhichhaveobvioussignssaysawisephysicianDr.ReneDubosyetsomeoftheirworstenemiesslowlycomenearthemunnoticeD.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedsentence?A.Mandoesn'tcareaboutwhathappensinnaturE.B.ManactsasifhedoesnotbelongtonaturE.C.Mancanavoidtheeffectsofenvironmentalpollution.D.Mancanescapehisresponsibilitiesforenvironmentalprotection.Peoplearelikelytotakenonoticeofthedelayedeffectsofexposuretochemicalsbecause________.A.limitedexposuretothemdoeslittleharmtopeople'shealthB.thepresentismoreimportanttothemthanthefutureC.thedangerdoesnotbecomeseenclearlyandimmediatelyD.humansareabletobearsmallamountsofpoisoningItcanbeconcludedfromwhatDr.Dubossaysthat________.A.peoplefindhiddendiseasesdifficulttodealwithB.attacksbyhiddenenemiesarelikelytobedeadlyC.diseaseswithobvioussignsareeasytocureD.peoplearelikelytotakenonoticeofhiddendangerscausedbypesticides

Didyouknowthatwomen’sbrainsaresmallerthanmen’s?Theaveragewomen’sbrainweighs10%lessthanmen’s.Sinceresearchhasshownthatthebiggerthebrainthecleverertheanimalmenmustbemoreintelligent聪明的thanwomen.Right?Wrong.MenandwomenalwaysscoresimilarlyonintelligencetestsdespitethedifferenceinbrainsizE.Why?Afteryearsofstudyresearchershaveconcludedthatit’swhat’sinsidethatmattersnotjustthesizeofthebrain.Thebrainconsistsofgreymatterandwhitematter.Whilemenhavemoreofthelattertheamountofthinkingbrainisalmostexactlythesameinbothsexes.Ithasbeensuggestedthatsmallerbrainappearstoworkfasterperhapsbecausethetwosidesofthebrainarebetterconnectedinwomen.ThismeansthatlittlegirlstendtolearntospeakearlierandthatwomencanunderstandsortsofinformationfromdifferentsourcesatthesametimE.Whenitcomestotalkingtothebossonthephonecookingdinnerandkeepinganeyeonthebabyallatthesametimeit’swomenwhocomeoutontopeverytimE.Thereareotherimportantdifferencesbetweentwosexes.Aswhitematteristhekeytospatial空间的tasksmenknowbetterwherethingsareinrelationtootherthings.Agreatfootballeralwaysknowswhereheisinrelationtotheotherplayersandheknowswheretogosaysoneresearcher.Thatmayexplainoneoflife’sgreatmysteries:whymenrefusetoaskfordirectionsandwomenoftenneedto!Thedifferencesbeginwhenfetuses胎儿areaboutnineweeksoldwhichcanbeseenintheactionofchildrenasyoungasonE.Aboywouldtrytoclimbabarrier障碍物beforehimorpushitdownwhileagirlwouldattracthelpfromothers.Thesebraindifferencesalsoexplainthefactthatmorementakeupjobsthatrequiregoodspatialskillswhilemorewomenspeechskills.Itmayallgobacktoourancestors祖先amongwhomwomenneededspeechskillstotakecareoftheirbabiesandmenneededspatialskillstohuntaccordingtooneresearch.Ifallthisdisappointsyouitshouldn’t.Thebrainchangesthroughoutourlivesaccordingtowhatwedowithit.saysabiologist.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A.thedifferencebetweenmen’sandwomen’sbrainsB.thechangesinbrainthroughoutourlivesC.thatmenarebetteratspatialtasksD.thatbraindifferencesarerelatedtoourancestorsWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Women’sbrainis10%lessthanmen’sB.Greymatterplaysthesameroleaswhitematter.k.s.5.uC.Greymattercontrolsthinkinginthebrain.D.Bothsexeshavethesameamountofwhitematter.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondandthirdparagraphs?A.WomenpreferdoingmanythingsatatimE.B.MendobetterdealingwithonejobatatimE.C.Womendonotneedtotelldirections.D.Menhaveweakerspatialabilities.Whatisthewriter’sattitudeinwritingthispassage?A.DefensivE.B.PersuasivE.C.SupportivE.D.ObjectivE.

Withonlyabout1000pandasleftintheworldChinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone克隆theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies物种.That’samovesimilartowhataTexasA.&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalledNoah’sArk.Noah’sArkisaimedatcollectingeggsembryos胚胎semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.IfcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinctDr.DuaneKraemeraprofessorinTexasA.&M’sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicinesaystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuturE.Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2000speciesofmammalsbirdsreptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.ThepandanativeonlytoChinaisindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.ThisweekChinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.TheentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocompletE.Thenucleartransfer核子移植ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasyandthelackofavailablecapableofbeingusedpandaeggscouldbeamajorproblemKraemerbelieves.Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancyhavingababy.Ittakesalongtimeandit’sdifficultbutthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.TheyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisksoitisworththeeffortaddsKraemerwhoisoneoftheleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&Mthefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat’sneverbeendoneandthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah’sArk.We’rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheireffortandthere’salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It’saresearchthatisverymuchneedeD.TheaimofNoah’sArkprojectisto_______.A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandasB.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingoutC.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudyD.transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanotherAccordingtoProfessorKraemerthemajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof_______.A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimalsC.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoneyThebesttitleforthepassagemaybe_______.A.China’sSuccessinPandasCloningB.TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorldC.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandasD.China—theNativePlaceofPandasForeverFromthepassageweknowthat_______.A.KraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadogB.scientiststrytoimplantapanda’seggintoarabbitC.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearchesD.abouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinacentury

Spaceisadangerousplacenotonlybecauseofmeteors流星butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthroughandthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heattoomakesourenvironmentendurable可忍受的.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspacebutenormousquantitiesofradiation辐射fromthesunarescreenedoff.AssoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraftiftheyareinsidedopreventalotofradiationdamagE.RadiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspacE.Theunitofradiationiscalledrem.Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1remwithoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage-apersonmayfeelperfectlywellbutthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamagedandthiswillnobediscovereduntilthebirthofabnormalchildrenorevengrandchildren.MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighamountofrems.SofarnodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreportedbuttheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphereworkinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiationbutnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphtheatmosphereisessentialtomaninthat____.A.itprotectshimagainsttheharmfulraysfromspaceB.itprovidessufficientlightforplantgrowthC.itsuppliestheheatnecessaryforhumansurvivalD.itscreensoffthefallingmeteors2.Weknowfromthepassagethat____.A.exposuretoeventinyamountsofradiationisdeadlyB.theeffectofexposuretoradiationisslowincomingC.radiationisavoidableinspaceexplorationD.astronautsinspacesuitsneedn'tworryaboutradiationdamage3.TheharmradiationhasdonetotheApollocrewmembers____A.issignificantB.seemsoverestimatedC.isenormousD.remainsunknown4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.A.theApollomissionwasverysuccessfulB.protectionfromspaceradiationisnoeasyjobC.astronautswillhavedeformedchildrenorgrandchildrenD.radiationisnotathreattowell-protectedspaceexplorers45.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe____.A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironmentB.ResearchonRadiationC.EffectsofSpaceRadiationD.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation

SpecialBridgesHelpAnimalsCrosstheRoad—ReportedbySheilaCarrickWhydidthechickencrosstheroad?TogettotheothersidE.MostpeopleknowthisjokE.Butrecentlysomepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreworriedabouthowthegrizzlybear灰熊andmountainlioncancrosstheroaD.MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonUSroadstheFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infactonlyabout80ocelotsanendangeredwildcatexistintheUStoday.Themainreason?Roadkill.Ecopassages生态通道mayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.TheseecopassagescanbeextremelyusefulsothatwildlifecanavoidroadaccidentssaidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeProtectionSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheecopassages?Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonanecopassagethatwentunderahighway.ThisshowedthatthelionsusedthepassagE.Buildersofecopassagestrytomakethemlooklikeanaturalpartofanareabyplantingtreesonandaroundthem.Animalsseemtobecatchingon.Animalsasdifferentassalamanders火蜥蜴andgrizzlybearsareusingthebridgesandunderpasses.ThenexttimeyouvisitaparkordrivethroughanareawithalotofwildlifelookarounD.Youmightseeananimaloverpass!Thewriterusestheexampleofocelotstoshowthat________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprojectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidentsFromthenewsstoryweknowanecopassageis________.A.anundergroundpathforcarsB.afencebuiltforthesafetyoftheareaC.abridgeforanimalstogetoverariverD.apathforanimalstocrosstheroadWhenthewritersaysthatanimalsseemtobecatchingonhemeans________.A.animalsbegintorealizethedangersontheroadB.animalsbegintolearntouseecopassagesC.animalsarecrossingtheroadingroupsD.animalsareincreasinginnumberThewriterasksvisitorsanddriverstolookaroundwhentravelingbecause________A.wildanimalsmayattackcarsB.wildanimalsmayjamtheroadC.theymayseewildanimalsintheparkD.theymayseewildanimalsonecopassages

Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts’bonesreducingtheirbonedensity密度afteronlyamonthofweightlessnessaccordingtoFrenchresearchpublishedonFriday.LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformoreresearchintotheeffectsofmicrogravityaftertheirstudyof15astronautsfromtheRussianMIRstationshowedbonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.BonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronautsthescientistsreportedintheLancetMedicalJournal.TheymeasuredthebonemineraldensityBMDofbonesintheforearm前臂andlowerlegoftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspacE.TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia胫骨ofthelowerlegaweight-bearingbonebutbarelychangedintheradius桡骨oftheforearm.Ourresultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenotonlydifferentbonesbutalsodifferentareasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton骨架aresimilarlyaffectedbyspaceconditionstheyaddeD.Withoutgravitythebodyisn’tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium钙whichmakesbonesstronganditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.Theresearchteamsuggestedinfuturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthelossofbonedensitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflightsalsothepossiblerecoveryafterreturningtoEarth.1.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronautsbecause_______.A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronautsB.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronautsC.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearchD.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtime2.Scientistshavefoundthat_______.A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronautsB.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts’bodiesC.astronautsshouldn’tcareabouttheBMDlossD.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravel3.WhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronautsaccordingtothispassage?A.ThefoodtheyeatinspacE.B.ThedrinkstheytakeinspacE.C.ThetemperatureinspacE.D.ThegravityinspacE.4.Inthethirdparagraphthewordstrikingmeans______.A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow

SportsshoesthatworkoutwhethertheirownerhasdoneenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes—namedSquareEyes—containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitter传话器passestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversitytoLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommendeddailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.AccordingtoSwanthepurposeofherdesignprojectisto________.A.keeparecordofthestepsofthewearerB.dealwithoverweightamongteenagersC.enablechildrentoresistthetemptationofTVD.preventchildrenfrombeingtrickedbyTVprogramsWhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theyregulateachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.Whatisstressed强调byhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheprecisenumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.Comparedwithothersimilarproductsthenewdesign________.A.makesitdifficultforlazyteenagerstocheatB.countsthewearer’sstepsthroughshakingC.recordsthesuddenmovementofthewearerD.sendsteenagers’healthdatatothereceiverWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuaranteeMoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight

ThesupermarketofthepastisracingtowardahightechfuturE.Andclevermarketersarestartingwiththeiryoungestcustomers.PublixSupermarketsintheU.S.cityofAtlantaGeorgiahavebeguntestingTVKartsforlittlekids.MomscanshopinpeacewhiletheirkidsridealongwatchingtheirfavoriteTVshows.MarketerssaytheTVKartsbringaboutincomebykeepingchildrenentertainedsoparentscanshoplonger.IftheTVscreenisnotenoughtoholdachild’sattentionparentscandropthemoffataplaycenteratWegman’ssupermarketinVirginia.Thereisadultcaresoparentscanscanthegroceryaisleswithouthavingtorush.Andtherearehightechtoysforgrownupstoo.ThiscomputerizedtabletiscalledtheShoppingBuddy.Thesmallcomputerkeepsarunningtabofeveryitemintheshoppingcart.CustomerscanemailtheirgrocerylistandthedevicewillletthemknowifanyoftheitemsareonsalE.Italsoshowsthelocationoftheproducts.StopandshopmarketingmanagerMikeGrimessaysthedevicecaneventakeadeli熟食orderfromcustomersontheothersideofthestoreandletthemknowwhenit’sreadyforpickup.Theshoppingbuddyhastwoprimarybenefitstoshoppers.Thefirstsavingmoneyextrasavings.TheotherthingitsavesistimE.IfyoureallywanttosavetimeVeggieVisionacomputerizedscaleandcameraidentifiesvariousfruitsandvegetablesandautomaticallypricesthemforyou.Andwhenit’stimetopayafingermaybeallyouneeD.Ittakesjustafewsecondsforamachinetoidentifyyouruniquefingerprintanddebit记入借方youraccount.TwothousandstoresintheU.S.nowhavethePaybyTouchbiometric生物测定technology.Customerssignupbyprovidingabankaccountnumberandafingerprint.SomeEuropeanstoresaretestingtinyradiotransmitters发射机ontheirgoods.ThewirelessdevicescantellifaproductisnearingitsexpirationdateorneedstoberestockeD.AndsomedayasanI.B.M.commercialshowsusthosetransmitterswillmeanyoumaynotevenneedyourfingerprinttomakeapurchasE.72.Themainpurposeofthepassageistointroduce.A.somehighsupermarkettechnologiesB.thefuturesupermarketC.aspecialwayofpaymentD.thepastsupermarket73.WhatisthemainpurposeofusingtheTVKarts?A.Toattractcustomers.B.TokeepkidsentertaineD.C.Toadvertiseproducts.D.Tomakemoremoney.74.WiththehelpoftheshoppingBuddycostumerscan.A.spendlessmoneyandtimeshoppingB.findwhattheyneedinlesstimeC.paylessforeverythingtheybuyD.makeadeliorderevenathome75.InthePaybyTouchsupermarkets.A.youcanpayyourlistbytouchingthegoodsB.youcanpaywithyourbankaccountnumberandfingerprintC.aradiotransmitterwilltellyouthelifeperiodofthegoodsD.aspecialmachinewillrecognizewhoyouareandpayforyou

Forthousandsofyearsmanhasenjoyedthetasteofapples.Appleswhichareabout85percentwatergrowalmosteverywhereintheworldbutthehottestandcoldestareas地区.AmongtheleadingcountriesinappleproductionareChinaFranceandtheUnitedStates.TherearevariouskindsofapplesbutaveryfewmakeupthemajorityofthosegrownforsalE.ThethreemostcommonkindsgrownintheUnitedStatesareDeliciousgoldenDeliciousandMcIntosh.ApplesaredifferentincoloursizeandtastE.Thecolouroftheskinmayberedgreenoryellow.TheyhavevarioussizeswithDeliciousapplesbeingamongthelargest.Thetastemaybesweetortart酸的.Generallysweetapplesareeatenfreshwhiletartapplesareusedtomakeapplesauce苹果酱.Appletreesmaygrowastallastwelvemetres.Theydobestinareasthathaveverycoldwinters.AlthoughnofruitisyieldedduringthewinterthiscoldperiodisgoodforthetreE.ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthatDeliciousapplesare_______________A.growninFrancE.B.soldeverywherE.C.verybig.D.quitesweet.Coldwinterweatherisgoodfor_______________A.thegrowthofappletrees.B.producinglargeapples.C.improvingthetasteofapples.D.theincreaseofwaterinapples.ChinaFranceandtheUnitedStatesareconsideredto_______________A.belargeproducersofapples.B.belargeproducersofapplesaucE.C.havethelongesthistoryinappleproduction.D.havethecoldestwinteramongappleproducingcountries.Thewordyieldedinthelastsentencemeans_______________A.improveD.B.increaseD.C.produceD.D.solD.

Intheatmospherecarbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.Accordingtoaweatherexpert'spredictiontheatmospherewillbe3℃warmerintheyear2050thanitistodayifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentratE.Ifthiswarminguptookplacetheicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomeltthusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Alsotheincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere北半球possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffoodgrowingzones.Inthepastconcernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarcticwhichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarminginotherwordsbyawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.TheevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplacE.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.Howevermostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemispherewheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconcludethereforethatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsandcoldspotsthatistherelativelylesshotspotsonthesun.Asthesunrotates使旋转every27.5daysitpresentshotterorcolderfacestotheearthanddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressureandconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincyclesthelatesttrendbeingdownwarD.ScientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyearsincludingthelastIceAgE.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsovercometheinertia惯性oftheearth'sclimatE.Ifthisisrightthewarmingeffectofcarbondioxidemightthusbeservingasausefulopposedbalancetothesun'sfadingheat.66.Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould_________.A.meanawarming-upintheAntarcticB.raisethetemperatureoftheearth'ssurfaceC.preventthesun'sraysfromreachingtheearth'ssurfaceD.explainthecauseofgreatchangesintheclimateinthenorthernhemisphere67.Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain___________.A.thegreenhouseeffectB.thesolareffectsontheearthC.thecausesaffectingweatherD.themodelsofsolar-weatherinteractions68.Althoughthefuelconsumptionisgreaterinthenorthernhemispheretemperaturesthereseemtobefalling.Thisis__________.A.mainlybecausethelevelsofcarbondioxidearerisingB.partlyduetochangesintheoutputofsolarenergyC.possiblybecausetheicecapsinthepolesaremeltingD.onlyduetotheeffectoftheinertiaoftheearth'sclimate69.Onthebasisoftheirmodelsscientistsbelievetheopinionthat__________.A.theclimateoftheworldshouldbebecomingcoolerB.thenewIceAgewillbedelayedbythegreenhouseeffectC.theman-madewarmingeffecthelpstoincreasethesolareffectsD.itwilltakethousandsofyearsfortheinertiaoftheearth'sclimatetotakeeffect70.IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceageiscorrect____________.A.icewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphereB.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworkinfavoroftheearthC.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuelsD.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

Itiswell-knownthatwhenanindividualjoinsagrouphetendstoacceptthegroup’sstandardsofbehaviorandthinking.Manyillustrations事例couldbegivenofthisfromeverydaylifebutwhatisofparticularinteresttopsychologists心理学家istheextenttowhichpeople’sjudgmentsandopinionscanbechangedasaresultofgrouppressureAschandothersnoticedthatpeopleinagroupwillagreetostatementsthatarecontrarytotheevidenceoftheirsenses.Itwouldbeamistaketothinkthatonlyparticularlydocile听话的peoplearechosentotakepartinexperimentsofthistypE.UsuallyhighlyintelligentandindependentpeopleareuseD.Inatypicalexperimentthisiswhatmayhappen.Theexperimenterasksforvolunteerstojoinagroupwhichisinvestigatingvisualperception视觉.Thevictimsarenotthereforeawareoftherealpurposeoftheexperiment.Eachvolunteeristakentoaroomwherehefindsagroupofaboutsevenpeoplewhoarecooperatingwiththeexperimenter.ThegroupisshownastandardcardwhichcontainsasinglelinE.TheyarethenaskedtolookatasecondcarD.Thishasthreelinesonit.Oneisobviouslylongerthanthelineonthefirstcard;oneisshorterandonethesamelength.TheyhavetosaywhichlineonthesecondcardisthesamelengthasthelineonthestandardcarD.Theothermembersofthegroupanswerfirstbutwhatthevolunteerdoesnotknowisthattheyhavebeentoldtopickoneofthewronglines.Whenhisturncomesheisfacedwiththeunanimous全体一致的opinionoftherestofthegroup-alltheothershavechosenlineA.buthequiteclearlyseeslineB.ascorrect.Whatwillbedo?AccordingtoAschmorethanhalfofthevietimschosenwillchangetheiropinion.Whatisequallysurprisingisthatwheninterviewedabouttheiranswersmostexplainedthattheyknewthegroupchoicewasincorrectbutthattheygaveintothepressureofthegroupbecausetheythoughttheymustbesufferingfromanopticalillusion视错觉orbecausetheywereafraidofbeingdifferent.53.Thepsychologistsareparticularlyinterestedin.A.thechangesintheattitudesofthepeopleB.thedegreeofchangesofpeople’sopinionsC.theresultoftheexperimentD.thedifferenceinpeople’scharacters54.Peoplewhoareusuallychosentotakepartintheexperimentsare.A.independentB.easilyguidedC.foolishD.capableofreasoning55.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Theexperimenterandallthemembersofthegroupexceptthevictimknowthepurposeoftheexperiment.B.Allofthemknowthepurposeoftheexperiment.C.Onlytheexperimenterknowsthepurposeoftheexperiment.D.Onlythevictimknowsthepurposeoftheexperiment56.Morethanhalfofthevictimschangedtheiropinionbecause.A.someoneinthegroupchangedtheiropinionB.theythoughttheireyesmustbecheatedC.theythoughtthegroupchoicewascorrectD.theyhadbeentoldabouttheanswer

Successfulpeopleininternationalbusinessunderstandtheculturesofothercountriesandlearntochangetheirpracticesindifferentcultures.Theyunderstandtheimportanceofavoidingbusinessdecisionsbasedonmisconceptions-mistakenideas.Onecauseofmisconceptionsisethnocentrismthebeliefthatone’sownculture’swayofdoingthingsisbetterthanthewayofothercultures.It’sethnocentrismthatleadstofailureininternationalbusiness.Toavoidethnocentrismit’snecessarytostudythedifferentelements组成部分ofculture:languagevaluesandattitudesandcustomsandmanners.LanguageAknowledgeofthelocallanguagecanhelpinternationalbusinesspeopleinfourways.Firstpeoplecancommunicatesdirectly.SecondpeopleareusuallymoreopenintheircommunicationWithsomeonewhospeakstheirlanguagE.Thirdanunderstandingofthelanguageallowspeopletoinfermeaningsthatarenotsaiddirectly.Finallyknowingthelanguagehelpspeopletounderstandtheculturebetter.ValuesandAttitudesValuesarepeople’sbasicbeliefsaboutthedifferencebetweenrightandwronggoodandbaD.Anattitudeiswayofthinkingoracting.Valuesandattitudesinfluenceinternationalbusiness.ForExamplemanypeopleintheUnitedStatesbelievethatchocolatefromSwitzerlandisbetterthanchocolatefromothercountriesandtheybuyalotofit.CustomsandMannersCustomsarecommonsocialpractices.MannersarewaysofactingthatthesocietybelievesarepolitE.ForexampleintheUnitedStatesitiscustomtohavesalad色拉beforethemaincourseatdinnernotafter.It’snotacceptabletotalkwithfoodinmouthattablE.Failuretounderstandthecustomsandmannersofothercountrieswillbringdifficultysellingtheirproducts.OrangejuiceasabreakfastdrinkofanAmericancompanyinFrancedoesn’tsellwellbecausetheFrenchdon’tusuallydrinkjuicewithbreakfast.57.A.knowledgeofthelocallanguageallowsinternationalbusinesspeople__________.A.tobemoreopenwiththeircustomersB.tocommunicatewithoutoutsidehelpC.toexpresstheirthoughtsindirectlyD.tohaveabetterideaoftheirownculture58.TheactofmanypeoplebuyingchocolateofSwitzerlandshowstheroleof__________.A.mannersB.valuesC.attitudesD.customs59.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MisconceptionsinBusinessB.BasicBeliefsinBusinessC.InternationalBusinessCultureD.SuccessfulInternationalBusiness60.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticleistotellpeople_________.A.howtotakearightattitudeinbusinessB.howtoavoidmisunderstandingsinbusinessC.howtousealocallanguageinbusinessD.howtoactpolitelyandproperlyinbusiness

Climatechangeconnectedwiththereductionofwetlandsatthesourceofthecountry'stwolongestriverstheYangtzeandtheYellowhasreducedthevolumeofwaterflowingintothemscientistssaiD.Scientistsstudiedchangesoverpast40yearstothewetlandsonthecoldQinghai??TibetPlateauinwestChinawherethetworivershavetheirsources.Theyfoundthewetlandsontheplateauhaveshrunk减少morethan10percentoverthepastfouryears.ThewetlandsatthesourceoftheYangtzehavesufferedthemostdecreasingby29percent.About17.5percentofthesmalllakesatthesourceoftheYangtzehavedriedupthescientistssaiD.ThewetlandplaysakeyroleinholdingwaterandchangingthewatervolumeoftheriversWangXugenaresearchersaiD.ThereductionofthewetlandontheplateauiscloselyconnectedwithglobalwarmingWangsaidaddingthateventhoughrainfallhasincreasedintheareathereductionofthewetlandhasreducedtheflowoftheYangtzeandtheYellow.RecordsbytheweatherstationattheheadoftheYangtzeshowedyearlyrainfallatitssourceincreasedfrom260mmduring1991—2000to323mmintheperiod2001—2006.Buttheincreasedrainfalldidn'tleadtomorewater'sflowingintotheriversbecausetheevaporation蒸发wassofastasaresultofglobalwarmingLiShijiearesearchersaiD.Anotherstudyshowedglobalwarminghadcausedglacierstogetsmallerfrozenearthtomeltgrasslandstoturnyellowandriverstodryup.TheQinghai??TibetPlateauusedtohave36000glacierscoveringanareaof50000sqkm.Inthepast100yearstheirareahasbeenreducedby30percent.60.Accordingtothepassagethetruestatementofthefollowingisthat.A.thewetlandsatthesourceoftheYellowhavedecreasedby29percentB.there'snomorewaterinabout17.5percentofthesmalllakesatthesourceoftheYangtzeC.thereductionofthewetlandontheplateauhasnothingtodowithglobalwarmingD.yearlyrainfallhasincreasedfrom260mmto323mminthepast15years61.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheresultofglobalwarmingA.Frozenearthmelts.B.Evaporationbecomesfaster.C.Sealevelrises.D.Plantsgrowbetteringreenhouses.62.TheareathattheglaciersoftheQinghai??TibetPlateaucoverisnowaboutsqkm.A.35000B.12000C.15000D.1700063.Inthepassageplaysamostimportantpartinholdingwaterandchangingthevolumeoftherivers.A.yearlyrainfallB.theevaporationC.thewetlandD.climatechange

C.Disposing处理ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincitiesthewastedisposalproblembecomesincreasinglydifficult.DuringtheeighteenthcenturyitwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsitE.Residentsortrashhaulers垃圾拖运者wouldtransporthouseholdrubbishrottedwoodandoldpossessionstothesitE.PeriodicallysomeofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburieD.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.Factoriesmillsandotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspacE.Dumpswhicharenowcalledlandfillsaremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.SuchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurposE.Propertyiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidentialneighborhoods.Longdistancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewherecheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisnonexistent.Awareness意识ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.PollutionofriversgroundwaterlandandairisapricepeoplecannotlongerpaytogetridofwastE.Theamountofwastehowevercontinuestogrow.Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplaceandmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Eventhemostefficientrecyclingprogramshowevercanhopetodealwithonlyabout50percentofacity’sreusablewastE.64.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe__________.A.PlacesforDisposingWasteB.WastePollutionDangersC.WaysofGettingRidofWasteD.WasteDisposalProblem65.Duringthe18thcenturypeopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysEXCEPT________.A.buryingitB.recyclingitC.burningitD.throwingitintorivers66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph?A.Farmareaswillcontinueacceptingwastefromthecityinmodernsociety.B.Thereischeaplandtoburywasteinmodernsociety.C.Itisdifficulttofindspacetoburywasteinmodernsociety.D.WaystodealwithwasteinmodernsocietystaythesamE.67.Themainpurposeofwritingthisarticleisto_______.A.drawpeople’sattentiontowastemanagementB.warnpeopleofthepollutiondangerswearefacingC.callonpeopletotakepartinrecyclingprogramsD.tellpeopleabetterwaytogetridofthewaste

HaveyoueverheardanewsreportertalkaboutDNA?ReporterstalkaboutDNAfoundatthesceneofacrimE.TheytalkaboutpolicefindingDNAfingerprints.PolicesometimesuseDNAasacluetofindoutwhocommittedthecrimE.DNAisasubstance物质thatmakesupgenes.Everythingalivehasgenes.Planshavegenes.Animalshavegenes.Youhavegenes.Genesarethebasicunitsofheredity遗传.Hereditymeansallthecharacteristicsyouinheritfromyourparents.Yougetyourgenesfromyourparents.Youinherithalfofyourgenesfromyourmother.Youinherithalfofyourgenesfromyourfather.GenesareakindofcodE.A.tree’sgenestellwhatshapeitsleaveswillbE.A.cat’sgenestellwhatcoloritsfurwillbE.YourgenestellwhatcoloryoureyeswillbE.YourgenestellwhatcoloryourhairwillbE.Everythingaboutyoucomesfromthecodeinyourgenes.Geneslineuponstrands链calledchromosomes染色体incells.Everythingaliveismadeupofcells.Chromosomesareinthecenterornucleusofcells.Differentpartsofyouaremadeofdifferentkindsofcells.YourmusclesaremadeofmusclecelIs.Yourskinismadeofskincells.Thecodeinyourgenestellsyourbodytomakedifferentkindsofcells.Thegenesineachcelltellthecellhowtowork.Theytellthecellwhentomakenewcopiesofitself.AnAustrianmonknamedGregorMendelfirstsawinheritedpatternsinpeaplants.Heexperimentedwithpeaplantsinthe1860s.Oneofthethingsortraits特质Mendelstudiedwaswhatmakessomepeaplantstallandsomeshort.Hesaidthatthetraitsmustcomefromunitsofhereditypassedfromtheparentplants.Theseunitswerelatercalledgenes.Inthemid-1900sscientistsdiscoveredthatgenesaremadeofDNA.Inthe1970sscientistslearnedhowtochangeDNAwithgeneticengineering.Scientistsalsolearnedthatproblemswithcertaingenescausediseases.Musculardystrophycysticfibrosisandhemophiliaaresomegeneticdiseases-diseasescausedbyproblemsingenes.Todayscientistsarelookingforwaystocuregeneticdiseasesbychanginggenesthroughaprocesscalledgenetherapy.WhatisDNA?A.DNAisakindofgenE.B.DNAisasubstancethatmakesupgenes.C.DNAisthebasicunitofheredity.D.DNAisameasuretoprotectcrimE.Whichofthefollowingaboutgenesiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantsanimalsandhumanbeingshavethesamegenes.B.Halfpeopleinheritallgenesfromtheirmotherothersfromtheirfather.C.Genesdecidethetreesshapesthecats’furcolorandoureyes’coloraswell.D.Geneswillgiveyouacodewhenyouneedthem.Wherearegenes?A.Geneslininguponstrandscalledchromosomesareinthecenterofcells.B.Geneshideineverythingaliveinyourbody.C.Genescanbenowherebutinyourmindcontrollingallyouractions.D.Genestravelinyourbodyandhelpcopeskinmuscleandeyes.AnAustrianmonknamedGregorMendel.A.firstsawinheritedpatternsinpeopleB.wasinterestedinwhyplantsweredifferentC.firstcalledtheunitsofheredityfromparentsgenesD.wasthefirstwhodiscoveredgenesWecanconcludethat.A.scientistswerelessintelligentthanmonksin1900sB.somegenesarebadandcancausediseasesC.wedon’tneedtoworryaboutgeneticdiseasesanylongerD.thediscoveryofgenesmaybeofgreathelpinourdailylife

根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有一项为多余选项APlasticAustraliaDidyouknowAustraliausesaroundfourbillionplasticcheck-outbagsayear?Ifyoutiedallofthemtogetheritwouldcreateachainlongenoughtogoaroundtheworld25times!Andthat'sonlyAustralia---globallyhundredsofbillionsareused!Onlyasmallnumberarerecycledsowheredotherestendup?53Environmentalistsreckonthousandsofbirdsandmarineanimalsdieeachyearbecausetheyswallowtheplasticorgetcaughtupinit.In2000awhalediedonabeachinQueensland---6metresofplasticwasfoundinitstummy.54Butwhy?Whataretheymadeofthatmakesthemsobad?Wellwhenfossilfuelslikeoilandcoalareprocessedagasisproducedthatcanbemadeintopolyethylene---whichisplastic!It’sturnedintoallsortsofproducts.What’ssobadaboutit?WellduringtheprocessharmfulgreenhousegasesareemitteD.AnypolyethyleneorplastictakeshundredsofyearstobedestroyeD.55Soisthereanalternativetoplasticbags?Wehaven’talwaysusedthem---backinthe60sitwaspaperbagsandboxes.AndnowreusableandbiodegradablebagshavebeenintroduceD.Butsomepeoplereckonthebiodegradableonesaren'tuptothejobandthey'remoreexpensivetomakE.Sowhat'sthesolution?GovernmentministersmetrecentlytotalkaboutitbutnoonecouldagreE.SouthAustraliahasdecidedtogoitaloneandbanthebagsfromnextyear.Victoriaisgoingtotrialaprogramwherepeoplepayupto25centsforeachbag.Butsomepeoplereckonthat'snotfairbecausegroceriesarealreadyexpensivE.Othersreckonitwon'tworkanywaybecauselazyshopperswilljustpaytheextrA.It’sabigdebatE.TheGovernmentwillholdanothermeetinginsixmonths.Bythenwewillhaveusedanothertwobillionplasticbags.A.GreenbagsmaynotbethesolutiontotheproblembuttheyarereuseableunlikeplastiC.B.Nowevenifshoppingbagsmakeittodumpsthey'restillbadfortheenvironment.C.We’veallseenthemclingingtotreesdriftingalongfootpathsandswirlingaroundinoceans.D.SoonceplasticbagsaremadetheyhangaroundforaverylongtimE.

第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分AForestshavealwaysbeenusefulandimportanttomanwhomakeuseoftheminmanyways.EverydaytreesareservingmaneverywherE.Treessupplymanwithfruitsandbuildingmaterialsintheformofwoodwithouttreesitwouldbeimpossibletobuildhousesboatsbridgesandsoon.Furnituresuchasdeskschairsandbedsismadeofwoodtreescanstopmanfromterribleheat.They'realsousefulinpreventinggoodandrichtopsoilfrombeingwashedawayduringheavyrains.Iftherewerenotreesheavyrainswouldwashawaytherichsurfacesoilthatissoimportanttoplants.Theresultisthatthelandwillbecomeadesert.ThereareplentyofdesertareasintheworlD.A.longtimeagothesedesertareasusedtobeveryrichareasbutmaninthepasthadnoenoughknowledgeaboutscienceofnaturetheycutdowntoomanytreesintheareawheretheylivedandneverplantednewones.Byandbytherichsurfacesoilwasblownandwashedawaybystrongwindsandheavyrains.Intheendtherichlandchangedintouselessdesertswherenothingcouldgrow.56.Accordingtothepassage__________.A.alongtimeagomandidn'tknowhowtomakeuseofwoodB.treesarenotasusefulastheywereinthepastC.treesweremorefoundinthepastthantheyaretodayD.peoplehavealwaysfoundtreesuseful57.Topsoilmeans____________andis.A.uselesssoil;ofnouseforplantsB.soilonthesurfaceoftheearth;goodforplantsC.soilfoundundertheearth;foundundertherootsoftreesD.drysoilinthedesertareas;badforplants58.Somedesertswereonce__________.A.verygoodlandsB.coveredbyiceC.verycoldD.dryanduseless59.Iftherewerenotrees______________.A.thelandwouldbecomebetterB.heavyrainswouldbeverycleanC.therichsoilcouldn'tbekeptD.therewouldn'tanyplants60.Fromthepassageweknowthatmanmust__________.A.donothingtokeepthebalanceofnatureB.takehisbesttokeepthebalanceofnatureC.tryhisbesttokeepthebalanceofnatureD.dohisbesttostopthebalanceofnature

DTherecentapparentlysuccessfulpredictionbymathematicalmodelsofanappearanceofElNino—thewarmoceanHowthatperiodicallydevelopsalongthePacificcoastofSouthAmericahasexcitedresearchers.JacobBjerknespointedoutyearsagohowwindsmightcreateeitherabnormallywarmorabnormallycoldwaterintheeasternequatorial赤道附近的PacifiC.NeverthelessbeforethecreationofthemodelsnoonecouldexplainwhyconditionsshouldregularlychangebetweenappearancesofthewarmElNinoandtheso-calledanti-ElNino.Theansweratleastifthecurrentmodelthatlinksthebehavioroftheoceantothatoftheatmosphereiscorrectistobefoundintheocean.IthaslongbeenknownthatduringanElNinotwoconditionsexist:unusuallywarmwaterextendsalongtheeasternPacificandwindsblowfromthewestintothewarmerairrisingoverthewarmwaterintheeast.ThecontributionofthemodelistoshowthatthewindsofanElNinowhichraisesealevelintheeastsendasignaltothewestloweringsealevelatthesametimE.Accordingtothemodelthatsignaliscreatedasanegative负的Rossbywaveawaveoflowersealevelthatmoveswestwardparalleltotheequatorat25to85kilometersperday.TakingmonthstomoveacrossthePacificRossbywavesmarchtothewesternboundaryofthePacificbasinwhichismodeledasasmootliwallbutinrealityconsistsofquiteirregularislandchains.WhenthewavesmeetthewesternboundarytheyarereflectedandthemodelpredictsthatRossbywaveswillbebrokenintomanycoastalKelvinwavescarryingthesamenegativesea-levelsignal.TheseeventuallyshoottowardtheequatorandthenheadeastwardalongtheequatordrovebytheearthatA.speedofabout.250kilometersperday.WhenenoughKelvinwavesofadequateamplitude振幅arrivefromthewesternPacifictheirnegativesea-levelsignalovercomesthefeedbackmechanismraisingthesealevelandtheybegintodrivethesystemintotheoppositecoldmodE.Thisproducesagradualchangeinwindsonethatwilleventuallysendpositivesea-levelRossbywaveswestwardwavesthatwilleventuallyreturnascoldcycle—endingpositiveKelvinwavesbeginninganotherwarmingcyclE.67.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.HowRossbywavesarefounD.B.WhereElNinoisformeD.C.Whatthemodelspredict.D.Howthemodelswork.68.WheredoesElNinooftenappear?A.AlongthewesterncoastoftheUSA.B.InthePacificinthesouthoftheequator.C.InthePacificinthenorthoftheequator.D.AlongthesoutherncoastofSouthAmericA.69.Whatisrightaccordingtothepassage?A.RossbywavesandKelvinwavesmoveinoppositedirectionsalongtheequator.B.PeoplecouldexplainElNinobeforethecreationofthemathematicalmodels.C.Adequatesea-levelwavescanproducewestwardpositivecoldcyclE.D.ThespeedofRossbywavesisfasterthanthatofKelvinwaves.70.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordwavesinParagraph3referto?A.Kelvinwaves.B.Sea-levelsignals.C.Coastalwaves.D.Rossbywaves.

Therearerobotsallaroundus.Somedoverycomplicatedjobslikeflyingairplanesanddrivingsubwaytrains.andsomedoonesimplejoB.Whenanautomaticwashingmachineisswitchedonwaterpoursin.Themachinewaitsuntilthewateriswarmenoughforwashingclothes.Itdoesthisbyfeedback反馈.Informationaboutwhatishappeningisfeedbackintotherobottotellwhattodonext.Oureyesearsandothersensesareourfeedback.Theytelluswhatisgoingonaroundus.Sorobotsarelikehumanbeingsintwoways.Theyworkandtheyhavefeedback.Insomewaysrobotsarebetterthanhumanbeings.Theyworkquicklyanddonotmakemistakes.Theydonotgetboreddoingthesamejoboverandoveragain.AndtheynevergettireD.Sorobotsareveryusefulinfactories.Theycanbetaughttodomanydifferentjobs.FirsttheirelectronicbrainmustbeshownhowthejobisdonE.A.personmovestherobot’sarmsandhandsthrougheachpartofthejoB.ThemostintelligentrobotscanmoveandseE.Theireyesarecameras.Theirfingerscanfeelshapesandsizesoftheobjects.Theserobotshavecomputerbrainslinkedtotheireyesandfingerswhichcontroltheiractions.Theexpensiverobotsareusedinscientificresearch.Theydosuchjobashandlingradioactivematerials.Inthispassagetheauthortellsusthat________.A.robotsareverypopularB.therearevariouskindsofrobotsC.weseerobotsonlyatcertaintimesD.robotscanbeeasilycontrolledWhatdoestheauthorseemtoinformyouaboutrobots?A.TheyshouldbegreatlyimproveD.B.TheywillprobablytakeoverinthefuturE.C.Theyareveryhelpfulandusefultohumans.D.Theyaremachinesthatbreakdownalot.Theauthorsaysthatinindustry________.A.robotsbreakdownalotB.robotscandomanyjobsC.robotsonlygetinthewayD.robotssometimescausetroublesThefactthatarobotnevergetsboreddoingthesamejobmeansthat_______.A.itisverymuchlikehumanbeingsB.itcandoboringjobsforpeopleC.itwillneverborepeopleD.itwillworkmuchbetterthanhumanbeingsTherobotsusedforscientificresearch_______.A.arenotverycleverB.areverycheapC.areverybigD.areverycostly

Runninglikethewindroaring咆哮likethundertigershavelongbeenfearedandrespectedasakingoftheanimalworlD.Butlastweekareportsaidthattherearenomorethan30wildtigersleftinsouthChinA.ThiswastheconclusionofateamofscientistsfromChina'sStateForestryAdministrationandtheWorldNatureFunD.TheSouthChinatigeralsoknownastheChinesetigerisnativetosouthernChinA.Inthe1950'stherewereover4000tigersfoundinmountainforestsinthecountry.Butduetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitat栖息地anduncontrolledhuntingithasbeenpushedontothelistoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies.Sixty-sixofthebigcatscanbefoundinthecagesofadozenzoosaroundChinA.Buttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousins.Theyhavelosttheirnaturalskillssuchashuntingandkilling.Iftheyweresetfreetheycouldnotlookafterthemselves.BreedinghasdamagedthequalityofthespeciessaidPeiEnledeputydirectoroftheShanghaiZoo.ToreintroducethespeciesintothewildthecountrystartedaprogrammetosendfivetotenyoungtigerstoSouthAfricA.FourofthemhavealreadyarriveD.Progresshasbeenmadeastwoeldertigershaverecoveredsomeoftheirinstincts本能andcanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbasE.SouthAfricansareveryexperiencedinreintroducingbiganimalstothewilD.ThecountryhasverygoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearninsaidLuJunofficedirectoroftheNationalWildlifeResearchandDevelopmentCenter.WetriedinFujianProvincebutitwasnotsuccessfulastherewasnotacompleteeco-chain生物链andtherewasalackofspacE.ThetigersshouldreturntoChinain2007whenthereservationsinFujianareready.WhatisthemainreasonfortheSouthChinatigerbecomingoneoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies?A.Becauseithaslostitsnaturalinstincts.B.Becausethereisnotacompleteeco-chain.C.Becausethereisnospaceforit.D.Becauseuncontrolledhuntinghasdestroyeditsnaturallivingconditions.HowistheprogrammeofsendingseveraltigerstoSouthAfricagettingon?A.Itseffectstillremainstobeseen.B.Twotigerscanalreadycompetewiththeirwildcousins.C.Someofthetigersarealreadyontheroadtorecoveringtheirnaturalskills.D.Thetigersshouldbeabletorecovertheirinstinctscompletelyby2007.Bysayingbuttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousinsthewritermeansthat______.A.theyarenolongerfearedbyotherwildanimalsB.theydon'tknowhowtohuntorkillC.acompletechangehasresultedinthespeciesbecauseofbreedingD.toreintroducethemintothewildhasbecomeanurgenttaskWhatisthepurposeofsendingyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica?A.TohelpthetigersrecovertheirabilitytoliveinthewilD.B.Toprovidethemwithabetterenvironment.C.Togetthetigerstogoonatour.D.Tofindacompleteeco-chainforthem.WhichoneisnotthereasonforSouthAfricabeingchosenasthetrainingplace?A.BecausethetigerscanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbasE.B.BecauseSouthAfricansareskilledatdealingwiththetigers.C.Becausethereisacompleteeco-chainandenoughspacetherE.D.Becausethecountryhasgoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearnin.

MoveEarth—it’snosciencefictionLONDON-Scientistshavefoundanunusualwaytopreventourplanetfromoverheating:moveittoacoolerspot.Allyouhavetodoissendafewcomets彗星inthedirectionofEarthanditsorbitwillbechangeD.Ourworldwillthenbesentspinningintoasafercolderpartofthesolarsystem.ThisideaforimprovingourclimatecomesfromagroupofUSNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationNASAengineersandAmericanastronomers.Theysaytheirplancouldaddanothersixbillionyearstotheusefullifetimeofourplanet—effectivelydoublingitsworkinglifE.TheplanputforwardbyDrLaughlinandhiscolleaguesDonKorycanskyandFredAdamsneedscarefullydirectingacometorasteroidsothatitpassesclosebyourplanetandsendssomeofitsgravitationalenergytoEarth.Earth’sorbitalspeedwouldincreaseasaresultandwewouldmovetoahigherorbitawayfromtheSunLaughlinsaiD.EngineerswouldthendirecttheircometsothatitpassedclosetoJupiterorSaturn.Thecometwouldpickupenergyfromoneofthesegiantplanets.LateritsorbitwouldbringitbacktoEarthandtheprocesswouldberepeateD.Intheshorttermtheplanprovidesanidealwaytoglobalwarmingalthoughtheteamwasactuallyconcernedwithamuchgreaterdanger.Thesuniscertaintoheatupinaboutabillionyearsandsoseriouslycompromiseourbiosphere生物圈—bycookingus.That’swhythegroupdecidedtotrytosaveEarth.Theplanhasoneortwoworryingaspectshowever.ForastartspaceengineerswouldhavetobeverycarefulabouthowtheydirectedtheirasteroidorcomettowardsEarth.Thesmallestmiscalculation误算inorbitcouldfireitstraightatEarth—withdeadlyconsequences.ThereisalsothequestionoftheMoon.AsthecurrentissueofScientificAmericanmagazinepointsoutifEarthwaspushedoutofitscurrentpositionitismostlikelytheMoonwouldbestrippedawayfromEarthitstates.Thiswouldgreatlychangeourplanet’sclimatE.1.WhatmakesthescientistsplantomoveEarth?A.A.fewcometsaremovingtothedirectionofEarth.B.Earth’sworkinglifeiscomingtoanendsoon.C.EarthwillbecometoohotformankindtokeepalivE.D.ThemoonismovingfartherandfartherawayfromEarth.2.IftheplanissuccessfulEarthwillhaveaworkinglifeof______years.A.12billionB.6billionC.18billionD.24billion3.Whatseriousproblemsmighttheplancauseaccordingtothepassage?A.ThecometmighthitEarthandmanmightlosethemoon.B.Earthmightbemovedtoofarawayandmanmightbefrozentodeath.C.ThecometmighthitJupiterorSaturnandneverreturntoEarth.D.Earth’sworkinglifemightbegreatlyshorteneD.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcompromisemean?A.provideB.benefitC.shareD.endanger5.Whichofthefollowingbestshowshowtheplanwouldwork?

In1990PeterSaloveyPh.D.andJohnMayerPh.D.coinedthetermEmotionalIntelligencE.Theirresearchhasopenedmanypeople’seyestothefactthatEQoremotionalquotientholdsthekeytoone’shappinessandwellbeingandhelpedustorealizethatouremotionalmakeupcanbesomuchmoreimportantthanourmentalorwhatwerefertoasIQ—intelligentquotient.IQisessentialforlearningandmentaldevelopmentandEQismuchmoreimportantforhappinessandsuccess.SometimeagoastudydoneintheUnitedStatesprovedthatdoctorswhowereimpatientanddidnotexhibitmuchcaretowardstheirpatientsweremorelikelytobesued起诉formalpractice渎职whereasdoctorswhowerecaringandattentivetotheirpatientswerelesslikelytobesuedeveniftheymadeacriticalmistakE.A.womanwrotetonewspaperrecentlytellingaboutherbrother.Hewasapparentlyageniusbutdidnotgetalongwithpeoplequiteveryjobhestartedandeventuallybecameataxidriver.ThesearejustafewexamplesofpeoplewithhighIQbutlowEQ.Wehaveallknownpeoplewhodidnotcompletecollegebutwhohavebecomeverysuccessfulinbusiness.Wecallthemstreetsmart.Wealsoknowpeoplewhoonthewholearepositivecommunicativepleasantandsupportive—thesepeopleenjoyahighlevelofEQ.ManypeoplewishtoimprovetheirEQforthepurposeofbecominghappiermoresuccessfulandatthesametimemorebalancedindividuals.TheremarkablethingaboutEQisthatitcanalwaysatanyagebeimprovedunlikeIQwhichremainsmoreorlessfixedinadultlifE.NowpsychologistsstartworkshopsfocusingonshowingpeoplehowtoincreasetheirEQ.Thisenablesthemtoaccomplishtheirdreamsanddesiresridthemselvesofnegativepatternsandshowsthemthatoncetheymastertheirinnerworldtheirouterworldbecomesmuchbetter.47.Inthesecondparagraphtheauthorgivesustwoexamplestoshowthat_____.A.doctorsintheUnitedStatesareofteninvolvedincasesB.workingasataxidriverintheUnitedStatesrequireshighEQC.thosewithhighIQareoftenengagedinthelow-rankworkD.thosewithlowEQhaveahardertimesurvivinginlife48.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeusedtodescribethepeoplewithahighlevelofEQ?A.TheyarepositivecommunicativepleasantandsupportivE.B.Theyareoptimisticanduntroubledbydifficulties.C.Theyareimpatientandshowlittlecaretowardsothers.D.Theymaybeverysuccessfulinbusiness.49.Itcanbeinferredthatpredictingfuturesuccesses______.A.aperson’sbrainpowermightactuallymatterlessthanaperson’scharacterB.aperson’sIQmightbemoreimportantthanaperson’sEQC.IQplaysanimportantroleaswellasEQD.bothIQandEQarethekeypointsthatshouldbeconsidered50.WhichoffollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.PeoplewithhighIQarelikelytogainknowledgequickly.B.AtworkEQgetsyouhiredeasilyandIQgetsyoupromoteD.C.HavingahighIQwillhelpusinsomewaysbuthavingahighEQmighthelpusevenmorE.D.People’sEQcouldberaisedmuchmorethantheirIQ.